Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)最新文献_第4页

Treatable movement disorders in children 儿童可治疗的运动障碍

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.003

Gautam P Ambegaonkar

引用次数: 0

Neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury 外伤性脑损伤的神经保护

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.001

Swathy Subhash, Shruti Agrawal

引用次数: 0

Childhood pneumonia: an update in the post-COVID-19 era 儿童肺炎：后covid -19时代的最新情况

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.005

Shana Irvine, Peter Logan, Michael D Shields, Paddy McCrossan

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Children with tracheostomies in the paediatric intensive care unit 在儿科重症监护室进行气管切开术的儿童

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.004

Nicola Holt, Will Tremlett

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Management of extubation failure on the paediatric intensive care unit 儿科重症监护室拔管失败的处理

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.003

Deepika Puthucode, Patrick Davies

{"title":"Management of extubation failure on the paediatric intensive care unit","authors":"Deepika Puthucode, Patrick Davies","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extubation failure is common in PICU especially in the current era when patients with multiple complexities can be of a significant challenge. Extubation failure is defined as inability to sustain spontaneous breathing after removal of artificial airway leading to the need for re-intubation within 48 hours of a planned extubation. The pathophysiology of extubation failure can be grouped under four categories: airway, muscular power, respiratory drive, and lung parenchymal pathologies with cardiopulmonary interactions. To achieve success and maintain extubation, it is important to identify risk factors contributing for failure and fix them, wean ventilation using appropriate weaning strategies and by stepwise process, assess readiness and extubate at the optimum time. Repeated extubation failures can also be complications increasing the risk of mortality and length of stay. Causes are diverse with clinical complexity, needing multidisciplinary team approach for a comprehensive management of extubation failure. The paediatric intensivist needs to recognize children at risk of extubation failure, make a comprehensive plan and intervene at the earliest opportunity to prevent further morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Approach to the use of rescue medications in children for prolonged epileptic seizures in the community 社区儿童长时间癫痫发作抢救用药的探讨

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004

Nermin Alashal, Nahin Hussain

{"title":"Approach to the use of rescue medications in children for prolonged epileptic seizures in the community","authors":"Nermin Alashal, Nahin Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prolonged seizures including convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children are significant problems to manage in the community. Early treatment may shorten episodes and prevent subsequent mortality and long-term morbidity. It is likely that pre-hospital treatment is an important part of the optimal management of CSE as it helps to optimize the management in a hospital setting. Benzodiazepines were successfully used for many years with rectal diazepam was the mainstay of treatment. More recently buccal and intranasal midazolam have taken over its place due to their efficacy and ease of administration. Buccal midazolam is more acceptable to the careers and parents for the drug to be administered through mouth, rather than rectally in a tense and anxious situation. Intranasal midazolam has recently been approved for use in children in the USA. Although rectal paraldehyde is widely used in acute settings in the UK, there is relatively little evidence to support this practice. This short article outlines some of the more important studies that can help to guide clinical decision making and offers some practical advice for health professionals caring for children with seizures who may need rescue medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists: applications in childhood diabetes and obesity 胰高血糖素样肽-1 （GLP-1）受体激动剂在儿童糖尿病和肥胖症中的应用

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003

Kun Hu, Timothy G Barrett

{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists: applications in childhood diabetes and obesity","authors":"Kun Hu, Timothy G Barrett","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucagon-like 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a class of synthetic incretin analogues that were originally developed to treat hyperglycaemia in adults with type 2 diabetes. Their mechanisms of action include effects on body weight through reducing appetite and slowing gastric emptying and these have been exploited in new indications for weight reduction in obesity. Most recently, convincing evidence has been published for their benefits in obstructive sleep apnoea, renal function in diabetes, and possibly anti-ageing. Studies in children have mainly focussed on childhood type 2 diabetes and obesity, and their efficacy has led to licensing for children from 10 years of age (type 2 diabetes) and 12 years (obesity). Early studies of these agents as add-on therapies in type 1 diabetes showed efficacy but significant risks of hypoglycaemia. This review will discuss the history and development of GLP-1 RAs in the context of the rising prevalence of childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes, the evidence for their effectiveness in children, and potential future applications such as in children with type 1 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Klinefelter syndrome: what every paediatrician needs to know 克氏综合征：每个儿科医生都需要知道的

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.002

Gary Butler

{"title":"Klinefelter syndrome: what every paediatrician needs to know","authors":"Gary Butler","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common sex chromosome variation around one in 750 live male births. The karyotype is usually 47,XXY. However, three quarters of KS males are never identified. Lifespan is not reduced. There is no specific infant phenotype. Prepubertal growth is generally rapid and children may become taller than the mid-parental height. Adolescent growth is not increased, so extreme tall stature is unusual. Overweight and central obesity occur in some boys from mid-childhood. Infant development is usually within age related ranges, although one third may need speech support and two thirds reading and language support. IQ is within the population range.</div><div>Puberty onset is not delayed and testosterone levels increase typically at first but often fail to rise in late puberty and biochemical hypogonadism is diagnosed by a low morning testosterone concentration. Clinical hypogonadism is common with central obesity, gynaecomastia and low muscle development and strength. Testosterone supplementation with transdermal gel or injections may help to improve physical development and functioning. Sperm production is severely reduced resulting in azoospermia in the majority. Fertility counselling is important but assessment not needed until late adolescence when surgical testicular sperm extraction can be performed, with no advantage at younger ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prader Willi syndrome: an update on the multidisciplinary approach Prader Willi综合征：多学科方法的更新

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.005

Chamidri Randika Naotunna, Angela K Lucas-Herald, Malcolm DC Donaldson , M Guftar Shaikh

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Making great occupational therapy referrals: how to get the right help, first time, for children, young people and families 进行出色的职业治疗转诊：如何在第一时间为儿童、年轻人和家庭获得正确的帮助

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2024.12.004

Sally Payne

引用次数: 0