Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)最新文献

How to assess and manage headache in children: the basics 如何评估和管理儿童头痛：基础

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.001

Elizabeth Liew, William P Whitehouse

引用次数: 0

Beyond valproate: considerations for the general paediatrician 丙戊酸以外：普通儿科医生的注意事项

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.005

Alison Skippen, Rohini Rattihalli

引用次数: 0

Revolutionizing paediatric neurorehabilitation: integrating innovation and contemporary practice 革命性的儿科神经康复：整合创新和当代实践

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.002

Vijay Palanivel, Tim Grove, Melanie Burrough

{"title":"Revolutionizing paediatric neurorehabilitation: integrating innovation and contemporary practice","authors":"Vijay Palanivel, Tim Grove, Melanie Burrough","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of paediatric neurorehabilitation is undergoing significant transformation, driven by evolving care pathways, innovative technologies, and a growing emphasis on addressing health disparities. Children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injuries (ABI) benefit from rehabilitation that optimizes their participation in daily life across home, school, and community settings. This paper explores the changing landscape of paediatric neurorehabilitation and changing patterns of causes of brain injury in children. The discussion extends to health inequalities that affect access to care, underscoring the need for system-wide reforms to bridge disparities linked to socioeconomic, geographic, and cultural factors. The development of seamless, end-to-end service pathways, from acute care to specialist tertiary neurorehabilitation and onward community services, demonstrates the potential for integrated care to improve outcomes for CYP transitioning from hospital to home. Central to effective rehabilitation is personalized goal setting and high-intensity treatments, which enhance physical, cognitive, and social outcomes. Technological advancements, including virtual reality, robotics, and electrical muscle stimulation, are reshaping therapeutic approaches, increasing engagement, and fostering neuroplasticity. Findings advocate for ongoing research, investment in community services, and equitable application of emerging technologies. By prioritizing personalized care and addressing systemic barriers, the future of paediatric neurorehabilitation holds promise for improved long-term functional outcomes for children with ABI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 5","pages":"Pages 134-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute neurological deficit: is it demyelination? Review of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system 急性神经缺损：是脱髓鞘吗？中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病综述

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.004

Yoshua C. Collins-Sawaragi, Evangeline Wassmer

引用次数: 0

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: the clinical approach to investigation and management 发展性和癫痫性脑病：临床方法的调查和管理

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.007

Ogechukwu Okpala, Manali Chitre

{"title":"Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: the clinical approach to investigation and management","authors":"Ogechukwu Okpala, Manali Chitre","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epileptic encephalopathies (EE) and developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are a group of severe brain disorders in which epileptic electrical discharge contributes to progressive psychomotor dysfunction. These include rare but important conditions such as neonatal epileptic encephalopathy, West, Dravet, Lennox Gastaut and Landau Kleffner syndromes. These conditions result in a characteristic cluster of clinical, EEG and aetiological features which together, help us understand the condition, use more targeted therapies and prognosticate with regards to progression with age. Electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial in determining the causative epilepsy syndrome. Since the availability of next generation sequencing, genetic testing has assumed increasing importance in the diagnosis of specific syndromes. Multidisciplinary support from medical, nursing and therapy teams is essential in helping these children reach the best of their abilities, skills and to optimize their long-term outcomes. In this article we describe some of the more commonly seen EE/DEE and discuss management and prognosis of these.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 5","pages":"Pages 163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inherited white matter disorders in children 儿童遗传性白质紊乱

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.008

Nee Na Kim, Asthik Biswas, Cheryl Hemingway

{"title":"Inherited white matter disorders in children","authors":"Nee Na Kim, Asthik Biswas, Cheryl Hemingway","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inherited white matter disorders (IWMDs), otherwise known as leukodystrophies, represent a group of rare and heterogenous neurological conditions affecting the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). With a wide range of differential diagnoses and associated medical complexities, they often pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. Rapid technological advancement including the availability of genetic investigations such as whole genome sequencing (WGS) is leading to an increasing number of patients with a confirmed genetic diagnosis. For the majority of IWMDs there is no specific treatment, and the focus of clinical management remains symptomatic and involves a multidisciplinary team and holistic approaches. Up until recently, only natural history trials were available, but now the focus is shifting to novel targeted therapies. Early diagnosis and prompt referral to specialized IWMD centers is crucial for optimum management of affected children or asymptomatic affected siblings. Collaborative efforts are needed to achieve two important goals 1) to establish international patient registries for long term natural history and recruitment to new treatment trials and 2) to encourage wider newborn screening programmes for early detection of these rare diseases at the asymptomatic stage. In this review, we aim to summarise the common clinical presentations, diagnostic investigations, management and prognosis of the more commonly encountered inherited white matter disorders in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 5","pages":"Pages 171-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurocutaneous syndromes: a multidisciplinary team approach 神经皮肤综合征：多学科团队方法

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.006

Hanna Richardson, Rachel Gwynn, Parisha Chadha, Penny Andreou, Karen Ray, Clare Rapier, Catherine Swales, Sarah Aylett

引用次数: 0

Treatable movement disorders in children 儿童可治疗的运动障碍

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.02.003

Gautam P Ambegaonkar

引用次数: 0

Approach to the use of rescue medications in children for prolonged epileptic seizures in the community 社区儿童长时间癫痫发作抢救用药的探讨

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004

Nermin Alashal, Nahin Hussain

{"title":"Approach to the use of rescue medications in children for prolonged epileptic seizures in the community","authors":"Nermin Alashal, Nahin Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prolonged seizures including convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children are significant problems to manage in the community. Early treatment may shorten episodes and prevent subsequent mortality and long-term morbidity. It is likely that pre-hospital treatment is an important part of the optimal management of CSE as it helps to optimize the management in a hospital setting. Benzodiazepines were successfully used for many years with rectal diazepam was the mainstay of treatment. More recently buccal and intranasal midazolam have taken over its place due to their efficacy and ease of administration. Buccal midazolam is more acceptable to the careers and parents for the drug to be administered through mouth, rather than rectally in a tense and anxious situation. Intranasal midazolam has recently been approved for use in children in the USA. Although rectal paraldehyde is widely used in acute settings in the UK, there is relatively little evidence to support this practice. This short article outlines some of the more important studies that can help to guide clinical decision making and offers some practical advice for health professionals caring for children with seizures who may need rescue medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists: applications in childhood diabetes and obesity 胰高血糖素样肽-1 （GLP-1）受体激动剂在儿童糖尿病和肥胖症中的应用

Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003

Kun Hu, Timothy G Barrett

{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists: applications in childhood diabetes and obesity","authors":"Kun Hu, Timothy G Barrett","doi":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paed.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucagon-like 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a class of synthetic incretin analogues that were originally developed to treat hyperglycaemia in adults with type 2 diabetes. Their mechanisms of action include effects on body weight through reducing appetite and slowing gastric emptying and these have been exploited in new indications for weight reduction in obesity. Most recently, convincing evidence has been published for their benefits in obstructive sleep apnoea, renal function in diabetes, and possibly anti-ageing. Studies in children have mainly focussed on childhood type 2 diabetes and obesity, and their efficacy has led to licensing for children from 10 years of age (type 2 diabetes) and 12 years (obesity). Early studies of these agents as add-on therapies in type 1 diabetes showed efficacy but significant risks of hypoglycaemia. This review will discuss the history and development of GLP-1 RAs in the context of the rising prevalence of childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes, the evidence for their effectiveness in children, and potential future applications such as in children with type 1 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38589,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and Child Health (United Kingdom)","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0