Interventional Cardiology Review最新文献

{"title":"Aortic Valve Calcium: A Narrative Review of its Role in the Assessment of Aortic Stenosis and as a Predictor of Post-transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Outcomes.","authors":"James Krzowski, Jonathan Weir-McCall, Luigia D'Errico, Charis Costopoulos, Pierluigi Costanzo","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.17","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Degenerative aortic valve disease is the third most common cause of heart disease in the developed world. Calcific deposits accrue in the valve endothelium causing progressive stenosis of the orifice. Increasingly, transcatheter aortic valve implantation is being used in place of surgery as treatment for aortic stenosis, particularly for patients who are considered high surgical risk. Although echocardiography remains the gold standard for the diagnosis and grading of aortic valve stenosis, there is an increasing interest in the role that aortic valve calcification scoring may play in these areas. In this review, the authors evaluate the current evidence for aortic valve calcium scoring as an adjunct to echocardiography in grading, and as a prognostic marker in challenging cases. They also explore the ability of calcium scoring to predict outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predilation in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.","authors":"Mahmoud Tantawy, Marwan Saad, Sherif Hussien, Ghada Selim, Ahmed Tamara","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), balloon predilation is frequently carried out before stenting but there is a lack of data regarding optimal balloon size and the effect of balloon size on procedural and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study compares small balloon predilation (≤50% of proximal vessel diameter) with large balloon predilation (>50% of proximal vessel diameter) in pPCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre prospective observational study included consecutive ST elevation MI (STEMI) patients undergoing pPCI at three tertiary centres in Egypt. Demographic, clinical and angiographic data were collected for all the patients. The primary outcome was the presence of no reflow at the conclusion of the procedure and secondary outcomes included procedural complications - no reflow, dissection, abrupt vessel closure, fluoroscopy time and procedural time - and clinical outcomes - in-hospital left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiogenic shock, stent thrombosis, ventricular fibrillation, stroke, death, ST-segment resolution >50% 1 hour after PCI and LVEF at discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 384 pPCI procedures were included. The small balloon group (n=222) and the large balloon group (n=162) were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics. The large balloon group had a significantly higher incidence of no reflow (n=23 [14.2%] versus n=6 [2.7%], p<0.001), procedural complications: n=31 [19.4%] versus n=10 [4.5%], p<0.001) and contrast volume (190.4 ± 40.2 ml versus 177.4 ± 29.4 ml, p=0.0003) compared to the small balloon group. ST-segment resolution >50% after PCI was more frequent in the small balloon group (n=182 [81.98%] versus n=109 [67.28%], p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that using a smaller balloon size for predilation in pPCI is associated with improved coronary flow, reduced procedural complications and better ST-segment resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-edge Repair: British Cardiovascular Intervention Society Position Statement.","authors":"Jonathan Byrne, Mamta Buch, Michael Mullen, Alison Duncan, Sam Dawkins, Adnan Nadir, Jim Newton, Tiffany Patterson, Rob Smith, Angie Ghattas, Daniel J Blackman, David Hildick-Smith","doi":"10.15420/icr.2025.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2025.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcatheter mitral leaflet repair is a non-surgical technique used to treat severe mitral regurgitation. The technique has matured significantly since its commercial introduction, and with device iteration and increasing operator experience, it is now an important treatment option for patients at higher risk for conventional mitral valve surgery. Randomised clinical trials have established the safety and efficacy of the technique in the treatment of primary and secondary mitral regurgitation, and its use was approved by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in 2019. This position statement summarises the clinical evidence and indications for the procedure and provides expert consensus on best practice in terms of patient selection, the procedure and post-procedure care. Standards are also described with respect to team composition, minimum case volume and collection of procedural and outcome data.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary Calcification: Types, Morphology and Distribution.","authors":"Michelle C Morris, Rolf P Kreutz","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2024.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development and progression of coronary calcification is of growing interest with the emergence of new imaging modalities and calcium modifying technologies that can facilitate optimal results during complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary atherosclerotic disease typically begins within the intima with pathological intimal thickening and microcalcifications (>0.5 μm and <15 μm). These microcalcifications can coalesce into larger areas of calcification, including sheet calcium, which is typically seen in fibrocalcific plaque, nodular calcification and calcified nodules. Calcified nodules typically protrude into the vessel lumen. Erosive calcified nodules lack the coverage of protective anti-aggregatory endothelium and frequently show adherence of intraluminal thrombus. Greater calcification within coronary plaque does not correlate with an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome, however, coronary calcium can lead to challenges with stent delivery and full stent expansion during PCI. An understanding of plaque morphology, distribution of calcium, degree of calcification and underlying shape will enable interventional cardiologists to appropriately interpret intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography imaging findings and optimise results during complex PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Coronary Artery Ectasia in Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Role of Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Management.","authors":"Mahmoud Izraiq, Nail Alshoubaki, Omran A Abu-Dhaim, Sarah Al-Qalalweh, Raed Aqel","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.25.co1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2024.25.co1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.15420/icr.2024.25.].</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12001044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limitations and Future Perspectives on Pulmonary Embolism: So Far, So Good.","authors":"Luca Franchin, Mario Iannaccone","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.45","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete Revascularisation Following Acute MI: A Contemporary Review.","authors":"Ahmed Gonnah, Nadhrah Darke, Liam Mullen, John Hung, Kully Sandhu, Joel P Giblett","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.39","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute MI (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality globally. Swift diagnosis is imperative, with timely reperfusion crucial to minimise adverse outcomes. Revascularisation strategies include culprit-vessel-only therapy, staged complete revascularisation or immediate complete revascularisation. Evidence from randomised trials strongly favours complete revascularisation in ST-elevation MI (STEMI). Data regarding immediate complete revascularisation compared to a staged approach are limited, with uncertainties regarding the advantages of physiology-guided treatment compared to angiographic assessment alone. Non-STEMI (NSTEMI) patients with multivessel disease are often complex and current guidelines offer limited recommendations for this patient group, emphasising the need for individualised treatment. Observational studies have sought to find the optimal approach, yet conflicting data prevails. Dedicated trials for this issue in NSTEMI patients are currently unavailable. To enhance the decision-making processes for patients with AMI, future trials should consider the inclusion of functional health status and health-related quality of life outcomes. The existing gaps in knowledge underscore the intricacies of managing AMI and the ongoing necessity for comprehensive research to refine treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Diagnosis of Isolated Cardiac Erdheim-Chester Disease by Interatrial Biopsy Using Frozen Section Examination.","authors":"Jasraj Singh, Newton B Neidert, Jason H Anderson, Andrew J Layman, Karen L Rech, Ronald S Go, William G Breen, Phillip M Young, Jason R Young, Matthew J Koster","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterised by multiorgan pathological histiocytic infiltration. Cardiac involvement occurs in 40-75% of patients and increases mortality. A 55-year-old woman with chest pain and dyspnoea was found to have an interatrial septal mass and aortitis suspicious for ECD without other organ involvement. After two inadequate transcatheter interatrial biopsies were obtained using ultrasound guidance alone, diagnostic samples were successfully obtained using intraprocedural frozen section examination. The patient started genotype-targeted treatment with good response. Biopsy confirmation of ECD is required to guide treatment; however, cardiac biopsies are uncommonly performed when other organs are affected. Our unique case of isolated cardiovascular involvement highlights how frozen sectioning with multimodal intraprocedural imaging guidance can improve diagnostic yield of endomyocardial biopsies. It also highlights how diagnosis of rare conditions requires careful multidisciplinary evaluation of affected organs, procedural risk and diagnostic yield. The use of frozen sectioning can improve diagnostic yield of endomyocardial biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'RotaShock' - A Revolution in Calcium Modification: Long-term Follow-up from a Single High-volume Centre.","authors":"Jonathan Hinton, Rajesh Varma, Jehangir Din, Vivek Kodoth, Suneel Talwar, Peter O'Kane","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.34","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotational atherectomy (RA) and intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) are well-established technologies for modification of coronary calcification. Given their contrasting mechanisms of action, there has been interest in whether the use of these devices in conjunction could potentially be synergistic and offer improved procedural results. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the efficacy, procedural safety and long-term outcomes of combining RA and IVL, termed 'RotaShock' (RSK), for the treatment of severe coronary calcification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single- centre retrospective analysis was carried out of consecutive patients treated with an RSK strategy for coronary calcification from January 2019 until September 2022. Baseline demographics, comorbidity details, details of the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure, angiographic and/or intracoronary imaging (ICI) results and presence of target vessel revascularisation or mortality were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 36 patients were treated with RSK; the majority of patients were male (n=29; 80.6%) and the median age was 75 years (IQR 70-79 years). The majority of cases involved treating the left anterior descending artery (63.4%) but one-third involved percutaneous coronary intervention to the left main coronary artery. The vast majority of cases were guided by ICI (88.9%) and were performed through radial access (80.6%). In patients with ICI available for analysis, the median minimum stent area was 7.7 mm² (IQR 6.2-10.0 mm²). There were two access site complications but no other periprocedural complications. The median follow-up was 942 days (IQR 645-1,306 days). Despite the high complexity of lesions treated, follow-up identified only two cases of target vessel revascularisation. There were five cases of non-adjudicated all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RSK is an effective and safe strategy for modification of severe coronary calcification, with long-term results suggesting a highly durable result. Further and randomised data are now mandated to evaluate the relative merits of RSK compared with RA or IVL alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the Global Total Occlusion Crossing Algorithm.","authors":"Ahmed Al-Ogaili, Emmanouil S Brilakis","doi":"10.15420/icr.2024.05","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2024.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An algorithmic approach to chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention has led to an increase in the success rate and safety of the procedure. The global CTO crossing algorithm is a consensus document that was developed by 121 expert operators from 50 countries and published during the COVID-19 pandemic. It provides standardisation while allowing flexibility in CTO crossing strategy selection, and can facilitate teaching of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention across various regions of the world. In this review, the 10 steps of the global CTO crossing algorithm are discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"20 ","pages":"e06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}