Mallak Alkhathlan, M. L. Tlachac, Lane Harrison, E. Rundensteiner
{"title":"Improving Image Accessibility by Combining Haptic and Auditory Feedback","authors":"Mallak Alkhathlan, M. L. Tlachac, Lane Harrison, E. Rundensteiner","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550362","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in accessibility have led to mobile applications that help blind or low vision people (BLV) access surrounding information independently. Unfortunately, accessibility of visual information such as images remains limited. Previous research demonstrated that spatial interaction can help BLV users build a mental model of the relative locations of image objects. As haptics has recently become a core component of modern smartphones, we extend this prior research by designing three prototypes that use haptic feedback to reveal object location in images. We evaluate these techniques in terms of experience and ability of BLV users to locate multiple objects in images. Evaluation results in a preliminary study with seven BLV users suggest that the proposed haptic feedback prototype with auditory notifications to identify people and auditory caption can provide a more accessible and engaging image experience.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132423992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expressive Bodies Engaging with Embodied Disability Cultures for Collaborative Design Critiques","authors":"Katta Spiel, Robin Angelini","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3551350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3551350","url":null,"abstract":"In our experience as researchers engaging with non-academic audiences, we observed that it remains a challenge to receive direct and critical feedback from participants. This is particularly amplified in the context of disabilities even if the researchers identify themselves as disabled given that the interaction is governed by social status and material power dimensions to say the least. To work productively with these power dynamics, we explored embodied approaches to articulating critique acknowledging the different ways of knowing stemming from different bodyminds. Here, we line out two exploratory cases illustrating how physical bodies can be directly attended to to express critiques in more direct ways than participants might be used to on a language based level (spoken or signed). We show how communication and critique can take on many forms encouraging us to broaden our methodological toolset to incorporate practices common in disability cultures. Our experiences show that we need to embrace crip approaches to knowledge production to receive more actionable and useful feedback in developing technologies with disabled communities.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130451614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ricardo E. Gonzalez Penuela, Paul Vermette, Zihan Yan, Cheng Zhang, K. Vertanen, Shiri Azenkot
{"title":"Understanding How People with Visual Impairments Take Selfies: Experiences and Challenges","authors":"Ricardo E. Gonzalez Penuela, Paul Vermette, Zihan Yan, Cheng Zhang, K. Vertanen, Shiri Azenkot","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550372","url":null,"abstract":"Selfies are a pervasive form of communication in social media. While there has been some work on systems that guide people with visual impairments (PVI) in taking photos, nearly all has focused on using the camera on the back of the device. We do not know whether and how PVI take selfies. The aim of our work is to understand (1) PVI selfie-taking experiences and challenges, (2) what information do PVI need when taking selfies, and (3) what modalities do PVI prefer (e.g., tactile, verbal, or non-verbal audio) to support selfie-taking. To address this gap, we conducted interviews with 10 PVI. Our findings show that current selfie-taking applications do not provide enough assistance to meet the needs of PVI. We contribute design guidelines that researchers and designers can implement for creating accessible selfie-taking applications.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128339691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying Technology in a Hybrid-Fashion to Create Dementia-Inclusive Community Spaces","authors":"Elaine Czech","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550412","url":null,"abstract":"While there is currently no cure for dementia, socially prescribing activities can enhance wellbeing for people living with dementia (PLWD). However, accessibility to such activities can be hindered by location, being unaware of activities, scheduling issues, or lack of interest in the specific activity. The COVID-19 pandemic further complicated accessibility and changed how coordinators of such programs thought about technology. This PhD research explores how technology can improve accessibility to community spaces and programs for PLWD and their informal carers. The first study involved understanding how technology used for social programs changed during the pandemic and developing guidelines for how program coordinators and technologists can adapt and develop technology for disseminating social programs. The current study aims to discover what elements may be necessary for spaces and programs to feel accessible for PLWD and how these elements can be translated or manifested through technology.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133312391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depending on Independence An Autoethnographic Account of Daily Use of Assistive Technologies","authors":"Felix Fussenegger, Katta Spiel","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3551354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3551354","url":null,"abstract":"Assistive technologies (AT) are a necessity for a person with a severe disability to be able to lead a self-determined life within modern societies. Thus, these technologies fulfil an important societal role and have a significant impact on the lives of those affected. This experience report provides insights on the lived experiences surrounding the necessary use of AT from the point of view of a disabled person. Using an autoethnographic approach, we determine the function and relevance of AT in everyday life and illustrate the intended and unintended effects of AT as well as the subsequently arising socio-technical dependencies through representative examples. The results show how the resulting dependencies on AT pose a risk for users, especially in the event of a technological failure. Furthermore, a deployment of AT without the necessary reflection and preparation of backup strategies in case of failure may lead to unexpected and inadvertent, potentially harmful, side-effects. Based on these observations, we elaborate on the implications for different stakeholder groups involved with the design, development, deployment and daily use of AT. We deem the key factors for success to lie in a deeper understanding of the application context, the integration of affected people in the development process as well as a fundamentally reflective approach by everyone involved with AT.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123079988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amelie Nolte, Karolin Lueneburg, D. Wallach, Nicole Jochems
{"title":"Creating Personas for Signing User Populations: An Ability-Based Approach to User Modelling in HCI","authors":"Amelie Nolte, Karolin Lueneburg, D. Wallach, Nicole Jochems","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550364","url":null,"abstract":"Personas allow designers to build empathy towards users, avoiding reliance on stereotypes or assumptions. When it comes to creating personas for people with disabilities, a common procedure is to integrate impairments as dedicated characteristics. However, when considering Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) individuals as target group, we argue that such an approach is incompatible with the latter’s own ability-based identification concepts. Thus, we propose a modification of personas for DHH users by defining them in terms of ability ranges and driving or keeping factors within specific contexts. Starting with assumption personas based on previous research, we conducted focus groups with DHH individuals from which we derived the data and perspectives that formed our modification. With this approach, we want to promote an adequate representation of DHH users among designers while also demonstrating an application of Ability-Based Design to HCI methods.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124067577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does XR introduce experience asymmetry in an intergenerational setting?","authors":"Vibhav Nanda, H. Maddali, Amanda Lazar","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550373","url":null,"abstract":"Intergenerational social interactions are beneficial for bridging generational gaps, strengthening family bonds, and improving social cohesiveness. However, opportunities for in-person intergenerational social interactions are decreasing as families become increasingly geographically dispersed. Researchers are examining how technology might support these interactions. Extended Reality (XR) is an emerging technology that has shown potential for supporting immersive remote interactions but might cause an “experience asymmetry” in an intergenerational setting. In this poster we contrast the user experience of younger and older participants engaging in remote gardening sessions with our social XR prototypes. We present systemic influence factors that affected user experience of participants from different age groups differently with our XR prototypes. We discuss potential approaches to mitigate their effects based on observational learning and becoming aware of designer biases.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116325817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhan Kong, Mingyuan Zhong, J. Fogarty, J. Wobbrock
{"title":"Quantifying Touch: New Metrics for Characterizing What Happens During a Touch","authors":"Junhan Kong, Mingyuan Zhong, J. Fogarty, J. Wobbrock","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544804","url":null,"abstract":"Measures of human performance for touch-based systems have focused mainly on overall metrics like touch accuracy and target acquisition speed. But touches are not atomic—they unfold over time and space, especially for users with limited fine motor function, for whom it can be difficult to perform quick, accurate touches. To gain insight into what happens during a touch, we offer 15 target-agnostic touch metrics, most of which have not been mathematically formalized in the literature. They are touch direction, variability, drift, duration, extent, absolute/signed area change, area variability, area deviation, area extent, absolute/signed angle change, angle variability, angle deviation, and angle extent. These metrics regard a touch as a time series of ovals instead of a mere (x, y) coordinate. We provide mathematical definitions and visual depictions of our metrics, and consider policies for calculating our metrics when multiple fingers perform coincident touches. To exercise our metrics, we collected touch data from 27 participants, 15 of whom reported having limited fine motor function. Our results show that our metrics effectively characterize touch behaviors including fine-motor challenges. Our metrics can be useful for both understanding users and for evaluating touch-based systems to inform their design.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115423539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Cost Tactile Coloring Page Fabrication on a Cutting Machine: Assembly and user experiences of cardstock-layered tangible pictures","authors":"Nicole Johnson, Tom Yeh, Ann Cunningham","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3551353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3551353","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile images are an important mode of information for the blind and low vision community but many of the common methods have high acquisition and material costs. This design inquiry looks at the use of a Cricut cutting machine to layer cardstock for creating tangible pictures and coloring pages. This report discusses the development of the technique followed by the corresponding production considerations, design iterations, pilot feedback, and limitations. We believe that in certain contexts this technique could be a viable method for conveying tactile information, especially in the context of early learning activities where practice is required for gaining life-long tactile graphicacy skills that can translate to reading maps and information graphics later in life. Additionally, the low acquisition cost of this method has value to parents and educators of blind and low vision children as a cheap DIY way to make tactile content.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127129352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Theil, C. Creed, Mohammed Z. Shaqura, Nasrine Olson, R. Holt, S. Sarcar, Stuart Murray
{"title":"Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Designing Accessible Systems for Users with Multiple Impairments: Grand Challenges and Opportunities for Future Research","authors":"A. Theil, C. Creed, Mohammed Z. Shaqura, Nasrine Olson, R. Holt, S. Sarcar, Stuart Murray","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550405","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, the accessibility community has focused on designing assistive technologies and systems related to single categories of impairments. While this approach is justifiable and contributes to the advancement of the field, many researchers argue that designing technologies for one impairment at a time contributes to an oversimplification of disability and does not reflect real-world experiences of a significant number of users who live with multiple impairments. How can the accessibility field leverage theories and concepts from other disciplines (e.g. disability studies, medical humanities, social work, engineering, education) to support more appropriate and inclusive technologies for users with complex needs? How can future assistive technologies take into consideration a diverse combination of sensory, cognitive, and physical characteristics? In this workshop, we invite researchers and practitioners from different disciplines to share their perspectives related to challenges and opportunities in designing accessible systems that consider the multidimensional and often complex needs of users living with multiple impairments.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123741447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}