Leukemia Research Reports最新文献

{"title":"CYTOGENOMIC PROFILING OF LARGE COHORT OF INDIAN MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES","authors":"N. Maurya ,&nbsp;C. Shanmukhaiah ,&nbsp;M. Madkaikar ,&nbsp;B.R. Vundinti","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>About 40% - 50% of Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients present with a normal karyotype whereas 50% - 60% of patients are of low risk, however, they tend to have worse outcomes and a higher chance of disease progression. Hence, we aim to study the genomic pathophysiology of disease and their association with overall survival in MDS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study cohort included 200 MDS patients. The molecular cytogenetic and mutation profiling was carried out in all MDS patients. The patients were clinically followed up. The Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariate analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 5.00</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The WHO 2016 classification revealed a high frequency of MDS – MLD (33%) followed by MDS – SLD (25%), MDS – EB-1/2 (24%). The chromosomal aberrations were identified in 35% of MDS patients by CK/FISH. The NGS identified gene mutations in 75% of the cohort. The survival analysis revealed that the mutations in <em>TP53, JAK2/3, KRAS, NRAS</em>, and <em>ASXL1</em> are significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) associated with poor survival. SNP array analysis (n=77), revealed, patients with chromosome 2 aberrations have a poor prognosis. SNP array combined with NGS confirmed the biallelic loss of function of the TP53 gene (3/7), a clinically relevant biomarker and new genetic-based MDS entity i.e. MDS-biTP53 as per the new WHO classification 2022. The univariate and multivariate analysis suggested that genetic lesions (mutations/CNVs/LOH) with IPSS-R could be prognosticating markers in MDS patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study strongly supports that the genome profiling by combined CGH+SNP array and NGS improves prognostication and hence personalized disease management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000177/pdfft?md5=0a96e00835b0036ad839333d54d0b25f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000177-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE AND MECHANISM OF UPREGULATED TYPE I INTERFERON SIGNALING PATHWAY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA","authors":"L. Na,&nbsp;S. Yuqian","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) is a rare, malignant hematopoietic system tumour whose pathogenesis remains unclear. This primarily affects elderly males and may transform into acute myeloid leukemia. Elevated innate immune and inflammation-related pathways were found in CMML patients' monocytes. Activation of type I interferon signalling pathway was significant and correlated with prognosis. Strong expression of interferon-regulated genes in patients pointed to type 1 interferon signalling's role in CMML's pathogenesis. TET2 and SRSF2 mutations, affecting gene expression and cellular function, are common in CMML, with a synergistic effect shown in mouse model experiments.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 14 untreated CMML patients, analysing their peripheral blood monocytes and 13 inflammatory cytokines via transcriptome sequencing and Cytometric Bead Array. SRSF2-P95H/TET2 mutation cell lines were also created.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Exome and transcriptome sequencing in 14 CMML patients revealed frequent TET2, ASXL1, and SRSF2 mutations. Compared to controls, CMML cells displayed activated innate immune and inflammation pathways, including elevated levels of IL-10, IFN-α2, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-6, and IL-17A. Higher 1-IFN scores, indicating the activation level of the type 1 interferon pathway, were seen in MP-CMML patients, suggesting a link with poor prognosis. In vitro, interferon pathway inhibition induced apoptosis in CMML monocytes and reduced protein P38 phosphorylation, inhibiting cell proliferation in THP-1/U937. TET2 loss-of-function mutations and SRSF2-P95H mutations overexpressed type 1 interferon pathway genes, leading to increased culture supernatant interferon levels in HEK-293T cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Study shows TET2 loss-of-function/SRSF2-P95H mutations in CMML trigger type I interferon pathway activation, promoting P38 and PI3K phosphorylation, potentially partly causing CMML.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000190/pdfft?md5=07280409c9a88f59574c7669641476da&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENETIC LANDSCAPE OF MYELOID NEOPLASMS IN PATIENTS WITH FANCONI ANEMIA","authors":"K. Yoshida ,&nbsp;M. Yabe ,&nbsp;N. Kakiuchi ,&nbsp;M. Takata ,&nbsp;K. Katayama ,&nbsp;S. Imoto ,&nbsp;S. Ogawa ,&nbsp;H. Yabe","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized with chromosomal instability and a high propensity to myeloid malignancy. Although causative genes have been identified in most patients, the genetic background of the leukemic transformation in FA has not been fully understood.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 2 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 7 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) developed in patients with FA using whole-genome sequencing and analyzed somatic mutations, structural variants and copy number alterations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of somatic mutations and copy number alterations (CNAs) in AML were 1,071 mutations and 4 CNAs per patient on average, which tended to be higher than those in MDS (265 mutations and 2.3 CNAs per patient). For mutational signatures, three known signatures were identified, which included SBS1 and SBS5 caused by endogenous mutational processes, and SBS3 related to defective homologous recombination. Mutations and structural variants affected known driver genes in myeloid malignancies, such as <em>RUNX1</em> (n = 3), <em>ASXL1</em> (n = 1), <em>CBL</em> (n = 1), <em>NRAS</em> (n = 1) and <em>KDM6A</em> (n = 1). Recurrent copy number alterations were more frequently detected, including +3q (n = 6), +1q (n = 4) and -7q (n = 2). The majority of these CNAs were clonal and all but one patient harbored either of +3q or +1q, indicating the early acquisition of copy number changes and their driver role in leukemic transformation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Myeloid neoplasms related with FA were characterized by a unique pattern of CNAs and common driver mutations in myeloid malignancies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000293/pdfft?md5=431471d8f80b44a6224ac1d184cf4c09&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and practical considerations in the management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: A single-center experience","authors":"Haripriya Andanamala ,&nbsp;Naveen Pemmaraju ,&nbsp;Taha Al-Juhaishi","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and often life-threatening complex hematologic malignancy that can commonly infiltrate the skin, lymph nodes, central nervous system, and bone marrow. In the setting of the infrequency of confirmed diagnoses of BPDCN, and given limited prospective studies, it has been associated with lackluster outcomes with a median overall survival between 9 and 23 months. We herein discuss our experience treating five consecutive patients with BPDCN at our center since the approval of TAG. We also present some of the challenges that face oncology providers treating this disease due to exceptional rarity and aggressive nature of this disease in addition to overall limited experience and effective therapies</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tertiary care centre experience with Elranatamab: A report of three cases","authors":"Disha Kakkar,&nbsp;Aakanksha Singh,&nbsp;Reshmi Harikumar Pillai,&nbsp;Tribikram Panda,&nbsp;Roy J Palatty,&nbsp;Rohan Halder,&nbsp;Narendra Agrawal,&nbsp;Dinesh Bhurani","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The introduction of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies has changed the treatment paradigm of multiple myeloma. With the advent of these new therapeutic options, life expectancy has substantially increased for myeloma patients which has led to an increased number of patients with triple-class refractory disease. Thus, there remains an unmet need for effective novel therapies with good tolerability and safety profile. Elranatamab, is the most widely used bispecific antibody currently in the Indian setting. However, it has only been used on a clinical trial basis till now, and real-world data especially in the Indian setting is missing. Here, we present our experience with three cases of multi-line treated relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma on elranatamab monotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><p>We here discuss three of our patients with triple class refractory multiple myeloma who recieved elranatamab monotherapy. While one of our patient had been switched to fortnightly treatment, two patients were still continuing weekly treatment. The common adverse effects observed were grade 1–2 cytokine release syndrome, cytopenias, CMV reactivation and hypo-gammaglobulinemia. While two of our patients are doing well, one patient had grade 3 neurological toxicity, likely drug related and succumbed.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>B-cell maturation antigen is highly expressed on mature B cells and is critical for the survival and proliferation of plasma cells. It has emerged as a novel target for anti-myeloma therapies in the form of bispecific cell engager, antibody-drug conjugates, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies.The phase II MM3 trial showed a promising efficacy with an ORR of 61% with a CR rate of &gt;35%. With a median follow-up of 14.7 months, the median PFS was not reached and the 15-month PFS rate was 50.9%. While it is too early to comment on long term survival with the monotherapy, we here discuss response of Indian patients in the real world setting.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Elranatamab monotherapy could prove to be an efficacious option for the treatment of relapsed /refractory multiple myeloma patients with triple-class refractory disease, with limited therapeutic options. However, patients need to be screened for infectious complications with appropriate prophylaxis and immunoglobulin replacement, if required. Also, a high suspicion is required for the neurological complications of the drug and a longitudinal neuro-cognitive screening is required for the patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000566/pdfft?md5=5252d35632d730f7e83f6a703b11d1b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000566-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF MYELODYSPLASTIC NEOPLASMS AND ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA WITH MECOM REARRANGEMENT: RESULTS FROM A NATIONWIDE MULTICENTER STUDY.","authors":"C. Polprasert ,&nbsp;C. Chanswangphuwana ,&nbsp;W. Owattanapanich ,&nbsp;S. Kungwankiattichai ,&nbsp;E. Rattarittamrong ,&nbsp;T. Rattanathammethee ,&nbsp;A. Tantiworawit ,&nbsp;W. Limvorapitak ,&nbsp;S. Saengboon ,&nbsp;P. Niparuck ,&nbsp;T. Puavilai ,&nbsp;J. Julamanee ,&nbsp;P. Saelue ,&nbsp;C. Wanitpongpun ,&nbsp;C. Nakhakes ,&nbsp;K. Prayongratana ,&nbsp;E. Karoopongse ,&nbsp;P. Rojnuckarin ,&nbsp;C. Sriswasdi","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>“AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement” was recently categorized by WHO classification 2022 regardless of blast count, which included those present with MDS and AML into this group. We aim to explore frequency, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in this subtype among Thai myeloid neoplasms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MDS and AML data was collected from a multicenter study group. MDS and AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangements were analyzed and compared with other subtypes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 15 cases with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement were detected, 5/166 (3%) were MDS while 10/1082 (0.9%) were AML. Eleven of 15 cases (73%) were female. MDS and AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement showed lower hemoglobin, but higher platelet counts compared to others. Three MDS with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement patients received azacitidine-based regimens and achieved complete hematologic response. In AML cases receiving intensive chemotherapy, <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement subgroup showed lower complete response (CR) rate compared to others (0% vs. 39.6%). Of note, among 10 AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangement, 7 patients received intensive chemotherapy but none of them responded. When combining 5 MDS and 10 AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangements, survival rate is comparable to the adverse group of AML and the very high risk group MDS with a 1-year survival rate of 27.5% (<strong>Figure 1A and 1B</strong>).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In conclusion, MDS and AML with <em>MECOM</em> rearrangements are rare subtype, more common in female gender and associated with poor prognosis. Chemotherapy should be avoided, hypomethylating agent showed benefit. Novel therapy targeting <em>MECOM</em> gene should be further explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000104/pdfft?md5=bc692c203355bb847376fc64299bd1a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THREE CASES OF TP53 BIALLELIC-MUTATED AML/MDS BRIDGED TO ALLO-HSCT BY AZA/VEN THERAPY","authors":"T. Ueda ,&nbsp;K. Fukushima ,&nbsp;Y. Nannya ,&nbsp;A. Hino ,&nbsp;M. Hamada ,&nbsp;Y. Mizutani ,&nbsp;E. Mizuta ,&nbsp;C. Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Y. Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;R. Kurashige ,&nbsp;R. Nakai ,&nbsp;S. Kusakabe ,&nbsp;M. Ichii ,&nbsp;J. Fujita ,&nbsp;N. Hosen","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The prognosis of TP53 biallelic-mutated AML/MDS is severely poor. Azacitidine, venetoclax combination therapy (Aza/Ven) was shown to be effective and tolerable for AML patients who cannot receive standard chemotherapy and the efficacy even for adverse risk AML is expected.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We report 3 cases of TP53 biallelic-mutated AML/MDS, successfully bridged to allo-HSCT by Aza/Ven.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Case 1 A 60-year-old male was diagnosed with MDS-MLD with complex karyotypes. TP53 p.V216G mutation (VAF 0.859) was detected by NGS. Because the disease progressed to MDS-EB1, one cycle of Aza/Ven was administered for disease control. No severe side effects happened during Aza/Ven. After allo-HSCT, CR was achieved and maintained for over 6 months. Case 2 A 57-year-old male was diagnosed as MDS-EB1 with complex karyotypes including -17. TP53 p.V216G mutation (VAF 0.733) and DNMT3A p.C497Y mutation were detected by NGS. After two cycles of Aza/Ven, myeloblasts in BM was decreased (9.4%→2.8%) without severe side effects. Although he received allo-HSCT, the disease relapsed. Case 3 A 62-year-old male was diagnosed with MDS-EB2. He has several complications including interstitial pneumonia. Although he received two cycles of Aza single therapy, the disease progressed. BM analysis revealed the complex karyotypes, including -17. TP53 p.R241 mutation (VAF 0.88) was detected by NGS. Thus, his treatment was switched to Aza/Ven. After two cycles of Aza/Ven, the disease did not progress, and no severe side effects were seen. He has just received allo-HSCT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Aza/Ven could be an effective treatment option as a bridging therapy toward allo-HSCT even in TP53 biallelic-mutated AML/MDS cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000384/pdfft?md5=f921afd9eb4cf279928f008e986b7c5f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two cases of AMeD syndrome with isochromosome 1q treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation","authors":"Mari Kagajo (Data curation) ,&nbsp;Kyoko Moritani ,&nbsp;Mayumi Iwamoto ,&nbsp;Machiko Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Imai ,&nbsp;Motoharu Hamada ,&nbsp;Manabu Wakamatsu ,&nbsp;Hideki Muramatsu ,&nbsp;Minenori Eguchi-Ishimae ,&nbsp;Mariko Eguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>AMeD syndrome is characterized by aplastic anemia, mental retardation, short stature, and microcephaly and is caused by digenic mutations in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5) genes. We have successfully performed hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in two patients with AMeD syndrome and isochromosome 1q. AMeD syndrome with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloblastic leukemia generally has a poor prognosis; however, early diagnosis may improve treatment response. Although the gain of 1q has been considered as a form of early clonal evolution in Fanconi anemia, it may be an equally important finding observed in AMeD syndrome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000669/pdfft?md5=40632536a77ef5fb25bd12487f3689aa&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000669-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olaparib induced aplastic anemia in a patient with castrate resistant prostate cancer: A case report","authors":"Elrazi A Ali ,&nbsp;Monika Jain ,&nbsp;Akriti Pokhrel ,&nbsp;Unni Mooppan ,&nbsp;Jen chin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Olaparib is (ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), which stops the repair of single-stranded DNA breaks. This leads to the death of cancer cells with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations or homologous recombination deficiency. Since being approved by the FDA in 2023 for treating castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), there have been some reports of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute leukemia linked to PARP inhibitor use for ovarian, breast, pancreatic and breast cancers, there have been no reports of aplastic anemia after receiving PARPi therapy. This case report describes a 75-year-old man with BRCA2-positive metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer who developed aplastic anemia after taking olaparib.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000633/pdfft?md5=140b9fa865047a5c64dc0e21482883d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000633-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations in CML patients, experience from a tertiary care center in North India","authors":"Akhilesh S ,&nbsp;Arunim shah ,&nbsp;Ashish Ashish ,&nbsp;Nitish kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Manpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Abhay kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Royana singh","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2023.100403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2023.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia Chromosome (Ph) which contains the <em>BCR::ABL1</em> fusion gene that occurs due to a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This accounts for up to 15 % of all adult leukemias <span>[1]</span>. Most patients treated with first line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib achieve durable response but may undergo relapse at some stage <span>[2]</span>. The most important mechanism that may confer imatinib resistance is point mutation within <em>BCR::ABL</em> kinase domain. Other generation <em>ABL</em> tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib and ponatinib help to overcome imatinib resistance <span>[3]</span>. Sensitivity of the patient to each of the above TKIs depends upon the individual candidate mutation present. Thus, it is important to perform mutation analysis for effective therapeutic management of CML patients once they show imatinib resistance. We used direct sequencing to identify the different types of mutations responsible for resistance of imatinib treatment from north India.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, the patient resistance for the imatinib were analyzed for <em>BCR::ABL</em> kinase domain mutation by direct sequencing and the detected mutations along with their percentage prevalence were reported.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>329 patients with CML-CP were analyzed for <em>BCR::ABL</em> kinase domain mutation. Total 66 (20.06 %) patients out of 329 had mutation in at least one of the domains of <em>BCR::ABL</em> conferring resistance to different generations of TKI. Mutations in <em>BCR::ABL</em> kinase domain was observed in different domain of <em>BCR::ABL</em>. ATP binding P-Loop (42.42 %), Direct binding site (36.36 %), C-Loop (10.60 %), A-Loop (6.06 %), SH2 contact (3.03 %), SH3 contact (1.51 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Total 20.06 % patients (66/329) show mutation in at least one of the structural motifs of BCR-ABL kinase domain, which further confer the resistance to a particular generation of TKI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048923000432/pdfft?md5=bf82e8b3c1ff3975f5f6413a87aa9b7c&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048923000432-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}