{"title":"Case report: Experience of a rare case of primary acute mast cell leukemia","authors":"Zhijuan Pan, Ying Zhang, Yanru Guo, Jiajia Sun, Xinlei Guo, Zhiping Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Backgrounds</h3><div>Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is a rare and aggressive form of systemic mastocytosis with a poor prognosis. Understanding the different therapeutic responses to corticosteroids in MCL is crucial for improving patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We present a case of a 74-year-old Chinese female with primary acute MCL who exhibited different responses to dexamethasone and methylprednisolone. She was admitted with persistent fever, dyspnea, severe fatigue, and bone pain, alongside splenomegaly and cytopenia. Diagnosis was confirmed through marrow aspirate analysis, chemical staining, flow cytometry, and biopsy, revealing atypical mast cells positive for CD117, CD9, CD81, CD33, CD13, CD4, and partially for CD56, but negative for CD2 and CD25. Next-generation sequencing identified heterozygous mutations in <em>NRAS, DNMT3A</em>, and <em>TP5</em>3, with no <em>KIT</em> mutations. Initial treatment included corticosteroids and dasatinib. The patient showed a partial response to dexamethasone but significant improvement with methylprednisolone. Upon reintroduction of dexamethasone, symptoms recurred, which improved again after resuming methylprednisolone. The patient survived for three months post-diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case highlights the potential efficacy of methylprednisolone over dexamethasone in MCL treatment. This case underscores the importance of personalized treatment approaches in MCL, considering the distinct genetic profile and differential therapeutic responses to corticosteroids. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these responses and to optimize treatment strategies for MCL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-coding RNAs: Emerging contributors to chemoresistance in chronic myeloid leukemia","authors":"Laya Ghadyani nejhad , Mahsa Sohani , Nasrin Alizad Ghandforoush , Mohsen Nikbakht , Saeed Mohammadi , Mohammad Vaezi , Shahrbano Rostami , Bahram Chahardouli","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is a myeloproliferative disease characterized by unregulated growth of blood forming cells in bone marrow and blood. The t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation, which results in the formation of a hyperactive tyrosine kinase (<em>BCR-ABL</em>), is a hallmark of this disorder. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib has shown a great promise in reduction of CML cells. However, development of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors has raised a great clinical concern about their future applications. Recently, non-coding RNAs, have shown to play significant regulatory roles in development of chemoresistance in CML cells. Discovering the underlying mechanisms of these non-coding RNAs might provide new opportunities for treating chemo-resistant forms of CML. These non-coding RNAs could be considered valuable therapeutic targets if they are found to play a role in the development of chemoresistance in CML cells. We mentioned the identified non-coding RNAs in development of chemoresistance in CML cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid D. Habeeb Rjeib , Usama Al-Jumaily , Inas Muayad Mohammed Ali , Safa Faraj , Mohammed Fawzi Al-Qanbar , Dheyaa Aldeen Al-Khateeb , Shaima Jabbar
{"title":"Treatment outcomes and survival analysis of pediatric mature B-Cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A retrospective study comparing LMB96 and R-CHOP regimens","authors":"Hamid D. Habeeb Rjeib , Usama Al-Jumaily , Inas Muayad Mohammed Ali , Safa Faraj , Mohammed Fawzi Al-Qanbar , Dheyaa Aldeen Al-Khateeb , Shaima Jabbar","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is a prevalent pediatric malignancy with significant treatment advancements. This study retrospectively analyzes clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and survival rates of children and adolescents diagnosed with B-NHL at Al-Hasan Al-Mojtaba Hospital between January 2014 and December 2024. A comparative analysis was performed between the LMB96 and R-CHOP regimens.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with confirmed diagnoses of Large B-cell lymphoma or Burkitt’s lymphoma, based on WHO classification criteria, were included. Staging was conducted using the St. Jude system, and risk classification followed the FAB/LMB criteria. Treatment involved a modified LMB96 regimen, later replaced by R-CHOP in the last two years of the study. Event-free survival (EFS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, with stratifications by staging, risk group, and gender.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 66 patients were included (median age: 5.8 years; 69.7 % male). Burkitt’s lymphoma was the predominant histology (86.3 %). The abdomen was the most common primary site (84.8 %). The majority of patients (72.7 %) presented with advanced-stage disease (Stages III and IV). Risk group classification identified 62.1 % of patients in Group B and 28.8 % in Group C. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed Group A had the most favorable prognosis (EFS ∼100 %), followed by Group B (∼75 %), and Group C (∼50 %). Disease stage significantly influenced survival (<em>p</em> = 0.021), with Stage IV patients demonstrating the poorest outcomes. While female patients exhibited higher EFS than males, the difference was not statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.27). By the end of follow-up, 28.8 % of patients had experienced a fatal outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Advanced-stage B-NHL remains prevalent, with significant survival differences based on staging and risk classification. The transition from LMB96 to R-CHOP warrants further evaluation to optimize pediatric treatment strategies. Larger studies are needed to validate observed gender-based survival trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kavya Sudireddy , Minorvi Amin , Rafy Odeh , Patrick Svrcek , Salwa Khedr , Lloyd Hutchinson , Shyam A. Patel , Jan Cerny , Laurie Pearson
{"title":"Effective treatment of peritoneal myeloid sarcoma with decitabine and venetoclax: A case report","authors":"Kavya Sudireddy , Minorvi Amin , Rafy Odeh , Patrick Svrcek , Salwa Khedr , Lloyd Hutchinson , Shyam A. Patel , Jan Cerny , Laurie Pearson","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myeloid sarcomas (MS) are rare extramedullary manifestations of myeloid progenitor cells occurring with or without acute myeloid leukemia. Peritoneal MS is exceptionally uncommon, with no established treatment guidelines, but treatment has historically consisted of cytotoxic chemotherapy. We present the case of a 78-year-old female with 60% CD34+, HLA-DR+, and CD33+ myeloblasts in ascitic fluid, while bone marrow biopsy demonstrated only molecular evidence of the leukemic clone with <em>FLT3-ITD, ASXL1</em>, and <em>TET2</em> mutations. Findings were consistent with primary peritoneal myeloid sarcoma. Due to chemotherapy ineligibility, the patient was treated with decitabine and venetoclax. After nine cycles, she demonstrated a complete radiographic response. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with primary peritoneal MS treated with a combination of a hypomethylating agent and venetoclax.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qaiser Bashir , Marina Konopleva , Glorette Abueg , Jeremy Ramdial , Chitra Hosing , Samer A. Srour , Amin Alousi , Uday R. Popat , Yago Nieto , Gheath Alatrash , Richard E. Champlin , Elizabeth J. Shpall , Muzaffar Qazilbash , Naveen Pemmaraju
{"title":"Tagraxofusp maintenance post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation provides long-term survival and manageable safety for a patient with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm","authors":"Qaiser Bashir , Marina Konopleva , Glorette Abueg , Jeremy Ramdial , Chitra Hosing , Samer A. Srour , Amin Alousi , Uday R. Popat , Yago Nieto , Gheath Alatrash , Richard E. Champlin , Elizabeth J. Shpall , Muzaffar Qazilbash , Naveen Pemmaraju","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presented here is the case of a 68-year-old woman with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) treated with tagraxofusp (TAG) maintenance therapy post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Prior to allo-HCT, the patient was treated with hydroxyurea and mini-CVD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dexamethasone alternating with methotrexate (Methotrexate) and cytarabine) + venetoclax + TAG for 5 cycles, which induced morphologic complete remission with minimal residual disease. After allo-HCT, the patient had persistent cytogenic abnormalities 45,XX,der(7)add(7)(p13)del(7)(q11.2q22)add(7)(q32),add(12)(p13),-15,del(16)(q23),-17,+22,+2mar[1]/46,XX[19], and was then treated with TAG maintenance therapy at 9 mg/kg on a 28-day cycle for 16 cycles. At mid-treatment (cycle 6 of 16 cycles of TAG) and prior to TAG discontinuation (due to travel burden), the patient was negative for minimal residual disease and was in complete remission. There was no high-grade toxicity or capillary leak syndrome. The patient remains in complete remission as of present day (>17 months CR). This is the first case study illustrating the feasibility of long-term TAG maintenance post-allo-HCT to control BPDCN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Involvement of the central nervous system in relapsed T-cell lymphoma: insights from four case studies","authors":"Radu Chiriac, Lucile Baseggio","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CNS involvement in T-cell lymphoma is rare, with a 2–6 % risk of relapse. This report presents four cases of CNS relapse in aggressive T-cell lymphomas, including PTCL NOS, AITL, ALCL ALK (-), and ENKTCL. Patients experienced severe neurological symptoms, elevated CSF WBC counts, and resistance to various treatment regimens, including intrathecal HD MTX, salvage chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Median survival was 1.5–3.5 months, highlighting the poor prognosis. The findings highlight the complexities of managing CNS relapse, the evolving understanding of prophylactic strategies, and the potential for innovative, targeted therapeutic combinations to enhance outcomes for these high-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Sun , Jia Feng , Yaping Zhang , Jianguo Zhang , Shaolei Lu , Yifei Liu
{"title":"Indolent peripheral T-cell lymphoma resembling Kimura's disease: a new variant of T-cell Lymphoma?","authors":"Hui Sun , Jia Feng , Yaping Zhang , Jianguo Zhang , Shaolei Lu , Yifei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kimura's disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology prevalent in middle-aged Asian males. Kimura's disease transforming to T-cell lymphoma or coexisting with T-cell lymphoma have not been reported in the scientific literature except two cases of Kimura's disease resembling peripheral T-cell lymphoma morphologically. There was no corresponding entity included in the current WHO classification (5th ed., 2022). It might be a new variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Here, we present the first reported case of coexisting KD and indolent peripheral T-cell lymphoma in a 55-year-old Chinese man.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam , Thuan Tong Tan , Ban Hock Tan , Wenlu Hou , Aloysius Yew Leng Ho , Jeffrey Kim Siang Quek , Yeh Ching Linn , Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng Lim , Hein Than , Shimin Jasmine Chung
{"title":"Fatal case of disseminated toxoplasmosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation in Singapore – a case report and review of literature","authors":"Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam , Thuan Tong Tan , Ban Hock Tan , Wenlu Hou , Aloysius Yew Leng Ho , Jeffrey Kim Siang Quek , Yeh Ching Linn , Francesca Lorraine Wei Inng Lim , Hein Than , Shimin Jasmine Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxoplasmosis is a rare but potentially fatal complication post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), often due to latent reactivation. In Singapore, low seroprevalence limits routine screening and prophylaxis. We report the first reported case of disseminated toxoplasmosis following HSCT in Singapore. A 58-year-old woman with fever and altered mental status two months post-transplant. She had pancytopenia, acute kidney injury, and pneumonitis, with non-specific brain MRI findings. Toxoplasma polymerase chain reaction from serum, bone marrow, and cerebrospinal fluid was positive. Despite treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, pyrimethamine, and sulfadiazine, she developed seizures, intracranial haemorrhage, and nosocomial infections, ultimately succumbing one month later. This case potentially highlights the consideration of routine pre-transplant Toxoplasma screening and prevention strategies, even in regions with low seroprevalence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V Da Silva Constante , H Couvert , A Wolfromm , M Ilzkovitz
{"title":"When the mask slips: A peripheral T-cell lymphoma disguised as lupus with myelofibrosis in a patient with May-Hegglin syndrome","authors":"V Da Silva Constante , H Couvert , A Wolfromm , M Ilzkovitz","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We describe the case of a female patient with May-Hegglin syndrome who developed peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified. The patient presents with systemic lupus erythematous phenotype and myelofibrosis secondary to T-cell lymphoma. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, represents 25 % of all peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Its diagnosis remains challenging due to the polymorphous clinical presentation and pathological heterogeneity. Myelofibrosis associated with malignant lymphomas is rare and peripheral T-cell lymphoma is even rarer. To our knowledge, this is the first case to describe an association between May-Hegglin syndrome and a peripheral T-cell lymphoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ugur Calis , Merve Aydogan , Guldane Cengiz Seval , Klara Dalva , Selami Kocak Toprak
{"title":"Impact of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on treatment outcomes in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients","authors":"Ugur Calis , Merve Aydogan , Guldane Cengiz Seval , Klara Dalva , Selami Kocak Toprak","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2025.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High expression of immune checkpoint markers may leukemic cells to evade the immune system in AML. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PD-1/PD-L1 expression and treatment outcomes in AML patients.. The study included 21 patients and 18 healthy volunteers. Non-responders exhibited significantly higher PD-1 expression (MFI) in CD3+ and CD4+ <em>T</em> cells. At the time of diagnosis, bone marrow samples from patients exhibited a significantly higher proportion of PD-1 expression in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ <em>T</em> lymphocytes than peripheral blood samples. The results revealed an association between PD-1/PD-L1 expression and clinical traits in newly diagnosed AML patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}