Leukemia Research Reports最新文献

{"title":"A STAT3 DEGRADER DEMONSTRATES PRE-CLINICAL EFFICACY IN VENETOCLAX RESISTANT MDS & AML","authors":"A. Shastri,&nbsp;S. Chakraborty,&nbsp;C. Morganti,&nbsp;H. Zhang,&nbsp;B. Rivera-Pena,&nbsp;K. Ito,&nbsp;M. Konopleva","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>High-risk MDS &amp; AML are the result of malignant transformation of an immature hematopoietic precursor. Venetoclax (Ven) is a selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 protein that is FDA approved for the treatment of AML, despite which, the overall cure rates in HR-MDS and AML are dismal. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is de-methylation and overexpression in MDS &amp; AML stem cells. It is associated with an adverse prognosis in a large cohort of patients. We have also demonstrated that STAT3 controls several important leukemic drivers such as the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, which is the central mechanism of venetoclax resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ven resistant AML cell lines (MOLM-13, MV-4-11) demonstrated an increased expression of STAT3/ Phospho-STAT3 and the down-stream effector MCL1 when compared to parental cell lines. Data from &gt; 90 AML patients treated with prior venetoclax show that high expression of STAT3 correlated with worse overall survival and remission duration.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A clinical degrader of STAT3 resulted in degradation of STAT3 in both parental and ven resistant cancer cell lines. STAT3 degradation also resulted in increased apoptosis in parental &amp; Ven resistant MOLM-13 cell line. In primary patient colony assays, there was increased erythroid and myeloid differentiation on treatment with a STAT3 degrader. Furthermore, murine model of venetoclax resistance showed significant reduction in STAT3 &amp; MCL1 on treatment with the STAT3 degrader.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Targeting STAT3 and downstream MCL1 is novel strategy in MDS/AML that can spur clinical development of the STAT3 degraders especially given the significant side profile of direct MCL1 inhibitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000359/pdfft?md5=34565d0330b117d488c84b68d03049c3&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000359-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-2/CD25 axis mediates cellular networks promoting the growth of CD25+ acute myeloid leukemia cells","authors":"Kazunori Nakase ,&nbsp;Kenkichi Kita","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the expression of interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (IL-2Rα, CD25) has been provided prognostic significance independent of known biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the functional role of CD25 molecule remains unknown. Since IL-2 can be trans-presented via CD25 to another cell, CD25⁺AML cells may deliver environmental IL-2 to surrounding immune cells to produce myeloid growth factors for their proliferation. We hypothesize that cellular interactions via IL-2/CD25 axis in the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to the growth advantage of these AML cells and affects the clinical outcome of those AML patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221304892400044X/pdfft?md5=e87d3fc5e5f5a9baca7d584fe77971e1&pid=1-s2.0-S221304892400044X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia with Zanubrutinib after progressing on other BTK inhibitors","authors":"Nkolika Nwankwo ,&nbsp;Aswanth Reddy ,&nbsp;Swarup Kumar ,&nbsp;Maha Zafar","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in the US, representing approximately 1.1% of all new cancers diagnosed. Most patients with CLL can be monitored without treatment, and the indicated treatment options include a CD20 monoclonal antibody with or without bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) antagonists. We review the case of a 77-year-old female with a long-standing history of CLL predominant lymphocytosis, transfusion -independent anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Patient responded to zanubrutinib after initial failure of idelalisib, rituximab, and acalabrutinib and venetoclax.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000499/pdfft?md5=a23718a3244f0f271e6dad162430fcf4&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000499-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-transplantation in an elderly patient with very high risk MDS:A case report and literature review","authors":"Kangli Wu,&nbsp;Mingsuo Liu,&nbsp;Yajun Wu,&nbsp;Qiulian Luo,&nbsp;Jin Chen,&nbsp;Wanling Xu,&nbsp;Xixi Yang,&nbsp;Piaoru Hong,&nbsp;Zhigang Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) (very high risk) is poor.HLA-mismatched allogeneic T-cell infusion which is called micro-transplantation can not only shorten the time of bone marrow suppression, but also improve the treatment response of patients.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p>A 74-year-old woman presented with fatigue and showed pancytopenia on routine blood count. She was diagnosed with MDS (very high risk) after bone marrow examination,then she received 4 cycles of micro-transplantation. The progression-free survival was 22 months and overall survival was 33 months.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The patient showed good tolerance to micro-transplantation with manageable toxicities and short myelosuppression time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000657/pdfft?md5=cce42c4b377861e7392c209e22d0247a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000657-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDH2-mutated near ETP-ALL with aggressive leukemia cutis and brisk response to venetoclax and decitabine","authors":"Poorva Vaidya ,&nbsp;Huan-You Wang ,&nbsp;Michelle D. Don ,&nbsp;Brian R. Hinds ,&nbsp;James K. Mangan","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2023.100408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2023.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Near early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is a rare hematologic malignancy, for which second line therapeutic options are limited. T-cell leukemias are also rarely associated with leukemia cutis, which is more often seen in leukemias of myeloid origin. We present the case of an adult male diagnosed with near ETP-ALL, with IDH2 and DNMT3A mutations, suggestive of a myeloid origin, and leukemia cutis. After the patient progressed on hyper-CVAD and nelarabine, we treated him with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax and the hypomethylating agent decitabine. The regimen induced a rapid bone marrow response and resolution of the leukemia cutis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048923000481/pdfft?md5=8515d6d9e67084a08d446cba27bdea9d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048923000481-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HAPLOINSUFFICIENCY OF TIE2 IN MUTATED BLOOD CELLS SUPPRESS ANGIOGENESIS IN THE BONE MARROW AND INHIBIT PROGRESSION OF MDS","authors":"M. Hirayama,&nbsp;Y. Arima,&nbsp;T. Suda,&nbsp;G. Sashida","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Tie2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and regulates angiogenesis and vascular quiescence. Given that Tie2 modulates microvascular density in cancer, we hypothesized that deletion of Tie2 in blood cells can inhibit progression of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We attempted to understand the role of Tie2 in development of MDS by using an Ezh2/Tet2 double knock out (DKO) mouse model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We transplanted bone marrow (BM) cells isolated from Cre-ERT2 mice, Tie2^flox/wt; Cre-ERT2 mice, Ezh2^flox/flox; Tet2^flox/flox; Cre-ERT2 mice, Ezh2^flox/flox; Tet2^flox/flox; Tie2^flox/wt; Cre-ERT2 mice and Ezh2^flox/flox; Tet2^flox/flox; Tie2^flox/flox; Cre-ERT2 mice into lethally-irradiated Ly5.1⁺ recipient mice. Ezh2, Tet2 and Tie2 genes were deleted by administration of tamoxifen one month post the transplantation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that Ezh2^−/−Tet2^−/- DKO, Ezh2^−/−Tet2^−/- Tie2^+/− (DKOTie2^+/−) and Ezh2^−/−Tet2^−/- Tie2^−/− TKO mice all developed MDS and MDS/MPN, showing anemia and dysplastic cells in the peripheral blood (PB) and the BM; however, DKOTie2^+/− mice showed significantly longer survival than did DKO mice and TKO mice. While DKO mice showed deformed CD31⁺ endothelial cells and increased vascular density in the BM, DKOTie2^+/− mice mitigated the altered vascular formation in the BM. RNA-sequencing revealed that DKOTie2^+/− stem cells repressed expression of genes involved in interferon, cell cycles and angiogenesis, compared to DKO stem cells, suggesting that the haploinsufficiency of Tie2 impaired the property of MDS cells to drive angiogenesis in the BM, resulting in the delayed development of MDS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We are now working on the molecular mechanism of how the Tie2 gene in blood cells modulates the angiogenesis to drive the progression of MDS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000207/pdfft?md5=cd3401a401a00c19c7efc7dda86ac215&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIGNATURES OF SOMATIC GENETIC RESCUE IN SAMD9/9L SYNDROMES: DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC UTILITY","authors":"N. Gray,&nbsp;M. Boals,&nbsp;S. Lewis,&nbsp;M. Yoshida,&nbsp;S. Sahoo,&nbsp;M. Wlodarski","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Germline SAMD9 and SAMD9L mutations (SAMD9/9L^mut) cause a novel bone marrow failure and pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome. Despite &gt;400 patients reported, evaluating variants remains challenging with &gt;70% of germline SAMD9/9L^mut classified as variants of uncertain significance, mainly due to heterogenous phenotypes and lack of functional assays. Many patients acquire compensatory clones including secondary SAMD9/9L^mut and UPD7q with loss of the mutant allele, along with maladaptive, stress-induced monosomy 7. Monosomy 7 poses unique surveillance challenges as it may disappear spontaneously over time, precluding the need for HSCT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We utilized our prospective somatic surveillance database to identify genetic patterns and evolution in SAMD9/9L^mut patients (median age 8 years). Using high-sensitivity myeloid gene panel and SNP array, we evaluated hematopoietic specimens of 23 patients with SAMD9/9L syndromes. For comparison, we analyzed a cohort of 132 patients with other BMF/MDS conditions. Serial analysis was performed in 39% (61/155) of patients for a median duration of 15.7 (1.4-53.2) months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found 33 somatic SAMD9/9L^mut in 61% (14/23), UPD7q in 26% (6/23), and monosomy 7 in 48% (11/23) of patients with germline SAMD9/9L^mut. Somatic SAMD9/9L^mut and UPD7q were not identified in the comparative cohort, resulting in 100% specificity and positive predictive value to rule-in germline SAMD9/9L syndromes. Notably, no patient (including monosomy 7 cases) developed advanced MDS, leukemia, or cancer driver mutations with up to 4.4 years of follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Somatic SAMD9/9L^mut and UPD7q act as a “natural functional assay” confirming pathogenicity of germline SAMD9/9L^mut. Despite high rates of monosomy 7, leukemic progression is rare in SAMD9/9L syndromes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000220/pdfft?md5=ea9fddb27301304a0dcf910a836b7ce7&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000220-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NK-CELLS TRAFFIC TO THE BONE MARROW AS A POTENTIAL IMMUNOLOGICAL MECHANISM OF ACTION OF HYPOMETHYLATING AGENTS FOR HIGH-RISK MDS AND AML","authors":"J. Hong ,&nbsp;R. Ramaswamy ,&nbsp;S. Min ,&nbsp;J. Park ,&nbsp;C. Fielder ,&nbsp;Q. Hu ,&nbsp;S.-S. Yoon ,&nbsp;T.K. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>In addition to direct cytotoxic effect of hypomethylaging agents (HMAs) on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, HMA upregulates effector T-cell function by demethylating T-cell exhaustion-associated genes (Hazem, Cell 2017) or trafficking effector T-cells to bone marrow (BM) by Th1-type chemokines activation (Peng, Nature 2019). We tried to elucidate dynamic changes of immune cells profile and gene expression after HMA treatment in patients with MDS or AML.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed scRNAseq on consecutive BM samples from an high-risk MDS (HR-MDS) patient treated with azacitidine: we categorized cell clusters based on immune-cell types, assessed changes in immune-cell proportions following treatment, and conducted a differentially expressed genes (DEG) analysis. In addition, changes in immune-cells proportions before vs. after HMA treatment in HR-MDS patients were evaluated, and the association between the immune-cell proportions changes and response to HMA were analyzed from seuqential BM aspirates from HR-MDS/AML patients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the scRNAseq data, the NK-cell cluster exhibited the most significant increase in the relative proportion up to response, whereas the effector T-cells clusters showed only a modest increase of proportion upon HMA response. DEG revealed an overexpression of CXCR4 in the NK-cell cluster at the timepoint of response, suggesting the recruitment of NK cells to BM. The trafficking of NK cells to BM after HMA response were reproduced in serial BM aspirates from patients with HR-MDS/AML.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>NK-cells recruited into BM through CXCR4 overexpression and anti-leukemic cytotoxicity exerted by NK cells may represent a crucial immunological mechanism of action for HMAs in patients with HR-MDS/AML.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000311/pdfft?md5=b5cb133a14525c3fd22aa632144a000d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000311-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TPO AGONIST RESCUED DEVELOPMENTAL HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL IN HEREDITARY BONE MARROW FAILURE SYNDROME","authors":"M. Mochizuki,&nbsp;A. Nakamura-Ishizu","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Fanconi Anemia (FA) gene is a congenital bone marrow failure (BMF) disorder caused by impaired replication stress (RS) associated DNA damage repair. We previously described FA fetal liver (FL) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) exhibited high mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitophagy when it was under RS. Thrombopoietin (TPO) signaling is known to modulate mitochondria metabolism in HSC. While TPO agonists are utilized for the treatment of BMFs such as aplastic anemia, whether and how these drugs can affect FA and its progression to hematopoietic malignancy is unknown.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To clarify the TPO signal of response in FA, we analyzed FA mice [an1] treated with TPO agonists or crossed with TPO-deficient mice.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Embryonic mice FA fetal liver HSCs were rescued with TPO agonist administration. TPO deficiency no rescued FA FL HSC phenotype.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TPO signal confers developmental FA HSC deficit. Further investigation is needed to describe the mechanism and efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000281/pdfft?md5=b07d70f4547652223cccdff9939dbb8d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000281-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF LUSPATERCEPT VERSUS EPOETIN ALFA IN ERYTHROPOIESIS-STIMULATING AGENT (ESA)-NAIVE PATIENTS WITH TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT LOWER-RISK MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES (LR-MDS): FULL ANALYSIS OF THE COMMANDS TRIAL","authors":"G. Garcia-Manero ,&nbsp;U. Platzbecker ,&nbsp;V. Santini ,&nbsp;A. Zeidan ,&nbsp;P. Fenaux ,&nbsp;R. Komrokji ,&nbsp;J. Shortt ,&nbsp;D. Valcarcel ,&nbsp;A. Jonasova ,&nbsp;S. Dimicoli-Salazar ,&nbsp;I.S. Tiong ,&nbsp;C.-C. Lin ,&nbsp;J. Li ,&nbsp;J. Zhang ,&nbsp;A.C. Giuseppi ,&nbsp;S. Kreitz ,&nbsp;V. Pozharskaya ,&nbsp;K. Keeperman ,&nbsp;S. Rose ,&nbsp;T. Prebet ,&nbsp;M. Della Porta","doi":"10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>We report the full analysis of the COMMANDS trial assessing efficacy and safety of luspatercept versus epoetin alfa (EA) in ESA-naive patients with LR-MDS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>363 patients (aged ≥18 y, with transfusion-dependent LR-MDS, serum erythropoietin &lt;500 U/L) were randomized 1:1 to luspatercept or EA. Primary endpoint was achievement of red blood cell transfusion independence (RBC-TI) ≥12 wk with concurrent mean hemoglobin increase ≥1.5 g/dL (wk 1–24). Secondary endpoints included achievement of RBC-TI ≥12 and 24 wk, hematologic improvement–erythroid (HI-E) ≥8 wk (wk 1–24), RBC-TI ≥12 wk duration, and safety.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>As of 31Mar2023, 110/182 (60.4%) luspatercept-treated versus 63/181 (34.8%) EA-treated patients achieved the primary endpoint (<em>P</em>&lt;0.0001). Primary endpoint achievement favored luspatercept in most subgroups including region. Median (range) treatment duration was 51.3 (3–196) and 37.0 (1–202) wk for luspatercept versus EA. 68.1% and 48.6% of luspatercept- versus EA-treated patients, respectively, achieved RBC-TI ≥12 wk; 47.8% and 30.9% achieved RBC-TI 24 wk; 74.4% and 53.0% achieved HI-E ≥8 wk. Median (95% CI) duration of RBC-TI ≥12 wk was 128.1 wk (108.3–not estimable [NE]) with luspatercept versus 89.7 wk (55.9–157.3) with EA (HR, 0.534; Figure). 2.7% and 3.3% of luspatercept- and EA-treated patients, respectively, progressed to AML; 97.8% and 92.2% reported any-grade treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); 58.5% and 49.2% reported grade 3/4 TEAEs. Death rates on- and post-treatment were similar between arms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>RBC-TI duration and erythroid responses achieved with luspatercept were superior to EA. Luspatercept safety results were consistent with previous MDS studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38435,"journal":{"name":"Leukemia Research Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213048924000372/pdfft?md5=ddb857b2362c3a3340ae78d38512a9a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2213048924000372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}