International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Investigating factor analysis of emotional intelligence questionnaire among nursing, midwifery and emergency department students of Ilam University of Medical Sciences","authors":"Hamed Tavan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Emotional intelligence is a set of abilities that enables the processing of information related to one’s own and others’ emotions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factor analysis and validation of an emotional intelligence questionnaire among nursing, midwifery, and emergency department students at Ilam University of Medical Sciences.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>In this descriptive-analytical study, 118 students from the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery at Ilam University of Medical Sciences were selected using stratified sampling. The study utilized a 90-item emotional intelligence questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to assess the questionnaire’s validity and internal consistency. A scree plot was used to determine the number of factors. The adequacy of the sample size for factor analysis was evaluated using the KMO index and Bartlett’s test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Factor analysis revealed that the components of emotional intelligence consist of four independent factors: the first factor (accounting for 32.066% of the variance), the second factor (8.113%), the third factor (7.823%), and the fourth factor (7.140%). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the dimensions was 81%. The KMO index was estimated at 0.72, indicating sample size adequacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study demonstrated that the emotional intelligence questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for collecting information necessary to assess students’ emotional intelligence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting end-of-life care in older persons with non-communicable diseases","authors":"Cletus Kantam Laari ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kwame Korsah ,&nbsp;Kamil Azabu Yakubu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A crucial component of healthcare is end-of-life (EOL) care, especially for the elderly who frequently have numerous chronic illnesses and deteriorating health. Many methods and procedures have been established to guarantee that people receive appropriate and compassionate care during their final days, as the significance of EOL care has been acknowledged on a global scale. Managing pain and other uncomfortable symptoms, offering psychological and spiritual support, and assisting patients and their families in making decisions about their preferred course of treatment are all common components of end-of-life care. The study’s objective was to evaluate the variables influencing non-communicable disease end-of-life care for older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample size of 153 health workers was recruited using a straightforward random sampling procedure in a descriptive cross-sectional design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of health workers (60.1%) were men, and the majority (57.5%) were in their middle age (25–30 years). Of the respondents, 75.2% were registered nurses and nearly two-thirds (64.1%) were Christians. It also showed that most people (54.3%) had a solid understanding of end-of-life care, and 63.4% had a positive attitude towards it. EOL care was impacted by institutional factors, such as inadequate training on EOL care, a lack of resources, and poor communication skills among healthcare professionals. Cultural views and customs, family choices, moral conundrums surrounding end-of-life care, anxiety about caring for terminally ill patients, and the absence of established procedures for providing EOL care were other issues.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study’s conclusion offers important insights on the state of nurses’ end-of-life (EOL) care today and the obstacles facing medical professionals’ attempts to improve EOL care practices. Therefore, efforts should be made to create guidelines or protocols that would facilitate the practice of end-of-life care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147547515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of a spiritual care charter-based educational intervention on the frequency of the spiritual care provision by nurses working in the nursing home","authors":"Shahin Salarvand ,&nbsp;Morteza Heidari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aghaali","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Elders living in nursing homes often face psychological challenges. Providing of spiritual care is vital for this population. Due to a lack of appropriate knowledge and skill among nurses, it may be under-provided. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention based on the Spiritual Care Charter on the frequency of providing spiritual care by nurses working in nursing homes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quasi-experimental study with a single-group pre-test–post-test design was conducted in the nursing home in Khorramabad. Thirty-two nurses were included and participated in a four-session, face-to-face training based on the Charter of Spiritual Care (CSC). The intervention focused on key dimensions of spiritual care, including finding meaning, meaningful communication, active listening, and instilling hope. The frequency of spiritual care provided by participants was measured using the validated Nurse Spiritual Care Therapeutics Scale (NSCTS) at three times: before, one week after, and one month after the intervention. Data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA and post hoc tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean scores for spiritual care provision significantly increased after the intervention. The frequency of providing spiritual care was in pre-intervention, 25.31; one-week post-intervention, 54.75; one-month post-intervention, 71.5 (p &lt; 0.001). Post-hoc analysis confirmed that each phase was significantly different from the others. Additionally, no significant correlation was observed between demographic factors and changes in spiritual care frequency.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings on the role of spiritual care education in increasing the frequency of spiritual care provision indicate that structured, context-specific spiritual care training can empower nurses to incorporate spiritual support into routine care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147601886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid biomechanical-cognitive model for pre-impact fall prediction: Systematic integration of gait velocity and Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) A narrative review","authors":"Dhika Dharmansyah ,&nbsp;Laili Rahayuwati ,&nbsp;Iqbal Pramukti ,&nbsp;Kuswandewi Mutyara","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This narrative review examined evidence for hybrid biomechanical-cognitive models integrating gait velocity and Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) for pre-impact fall prediction in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search in Scopus (2015–2025) using MeSH terms and keywords (fall prediction, gait analysis, cognitive assessment) identified peer-reviewed English-language articles investigating combined biomechanical and cognitive fall prediction models. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, predictive accuracy metrics, and integration strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two studies (n = 11,847) encompassing community-dwelling older adults and neurodegenerative populations were included. Gait velocity was the most frequently utilized biomechanical parameter (81.8%, n = 18), consistently discriminating fallers from non-fallers. Trail Making Test variations (36.4%, n = 8) demonstrated robust cognitive prediction capabilities. Hybrid approaches showed superior accuracy, with Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome demonstrating increased fall risk (RR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16–1.79) compared to individual components. Dual-task paradigm findings revealed greater prefrontal cortex activation and altered gait parameters in fallers under cognitive load, supporting the neurophysiological basis for integrated assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Integration of gait velocity and TMT-B in hybrid biomechanical-cognitive models provides robust evidence for pre-impact fall prediction. The synergistic effect of combining motor and cognitive domains exceeds individual components’ predictive power, validating the hybrid approach for comprehensive fall risk assessment. The model’s applicability across diverse populations supports widespread clinical implementation and establishes a foundation for standardized assessment protocols enhancing global fall prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147547364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring birth preparedness and complication readiness among expectant women: insights into perceptions, knowledge channels, and preparation practices in a resource-limited setting","authors":"Kenneth Akintunde Onilude ,&nbsp;Deborah Tolulope Esan ,&nbsp;Adetunmise Oluseyi Olajide ,&nbsp;Ayodeji Olubunmi Ogunmuyiwa ,&nbsp;Theresa Olaitan Bamigboye ,&nbsp;Carlos Guillermo Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) are vital strategies for lowering maternal and neonatal risks, particularly in resource-constrained areas. The ways in which expectant women perceive BPCR, access information, and engage with readiness tools directly influence their capacity to navigate childbirth and unforeseen complications. This study explored perceptions, information sources and BPCR practices among expectant women at four health facilities in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative exploratory design was employed at four healthcare facilities in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Twelve expectant women, purposively recruited from antenatal clinic attendees based on varying gestational ages and parity, participated in face-to-face, researcher-developed semi-structured interviews lasting 30–45 min each. Interviews were audio-recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach to identify patterns in participants’ perceptions, information sources, and readiness practices. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board, ensuring informed consent and confidentiality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceptions of BPCR crystallized into three themes: integrated holistic strategies, proactive early engagement, and proactive anticipation of risks. Information sources revealed four themes: facility-based antenatal sessions, personal and communal experiences, internet and social media outlets, and formal educational resources. Readiness practices yielded seven themes, including heightened awareness of complications, arrangements for transportation, and financial safeguarding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Expectant women regard BPCR as a multifaceted, anticipatory process that fosters safer birthing experiences. Leveraging varied information pathways and systematic checklists bolsters their empowerment for effective planning. Enhancing targeted education and community support mechanisms holds promise for advancing maternal preparedness and health equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147547367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Career intentions toward community health nursing and associated factors among nursing and midwifery students at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia","authors":"Destaw Endeshaw ,&nbsp;Senay Yohannes ,&nbsp;Biniyam Gizatu ,&nbsp;Saron Nigussie ,&nbsp;Ambaye Bitewulign ,&nbsp;Mahlet Eshetu ,&nbsp;Bewuket Zenaw ,&nbsp;Chernet Tafere","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Understanding perceptions towards community health nursing as a career among nursing students is vital. However, evidence is scarce, especially in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to assess the career intentions toward community health nursing and associated factors among nursing and midwifery students at a public university.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing and midwifery students at a Bahir Dar University in Ethiopia from March 20–25, 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. EpiData v.4.6 and SPSS v.26 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics were calculated according to the nature of the variables. The association between different independent variables and students’ intention to work as a community health nurse was assessed using chi-squared analysis. Data were presented using tables and text.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Of the 130 students surveyed, 48.5 % expressed their intention to work as community health nurses. Mean scores were 9.22 ± 2.99 out of 20 for attitude, 14.42 ± 3.29 out of 25 for subjective norm, and 12.52 ± 3.13 out of 25 for perceived behavioral control. Chi-squared tests indicated that religion, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were significantly associated with the intention to work as a community health nurse.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A substantial proportion of students expressed a strong intention to pursue a career as a community health nurse. The intention was significantly associated with attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and religion. This study highlights the need for targeted interventions to further enhance students’ perceptions and their intentions.</div><div>Abbreviations: CHN, Community health nursing; TPB, Theory of Planned Behavior; WHO, World Health Organization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a smartphone-based START triage application on triage accuracy and speed in pre-hospital emergencies: a randomized crossover trial","authors":"Ali Yasemi ,&nbsp;Fateme Monjazebi ,&nbsp;Vahid Zamanzadeh ,&nbsp;Malihe Nasiri","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>During Mass Casualty Incidents (MCIs), rapid and accurate triage represents a core competency; however, traditional methods remain prone to error under high cognitive load. Mobile health (mHealth) applications offer a promising strategy for mitigating cognitive burden while providing structured decision support.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the impact of a novel smartphone-based START triage application on triage accuracy and speed among pre-hospital emergency personnel. Additionally, user satisfaction was assessed and compared with the traditional manual method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a randomized, counterbalanced crossover trial involving 72 pre-hospital emergency personnel recruited from 22 emergency medical service bases serving a population of 260,000 in Ilam Province, Iran. Participants performed triage in two simulated mass casualty scenarios: once using the smartphone application and once using the traditional method, separated by a two-week washout period. Primary outcomes included triage accuracy (number of correctly classified casualties out of seven) and triage speed (mean seconds per casualty). User satisfaction served as the secondary outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 72 participants completed the study with no dropouts. The smartphone application yielded statistically significant improvements in both primary outcomes. Triage accuracy was substantially higher with the application (Median 7/7, IQR 6–7) compared with the traditional method (Median 5/7, IQR 4–6; p &lt; 0.001, r = 0.62). Assessment speed also improved, with mean time per casualty reduced by 4.42 s when using the application (79.73 ± 12.98 s vs. 84.15 ± 13.21 s; p = 0.013, d = 0.34). User satisfaction was high (mean score 4.71/6), with learnability receiving the highest ratings (5.40/6).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The smartphone-based START application serves as an effective decision-support tool that substantially improves triage performance by enhancing both accuracy and efficiency. Integrating such mHealth tools into emergency protocols can standardize care delivery, reduce cognitive burden, and holds considerable potential for improving patient outcomes in mass casualty settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational risk exposure to HIV among nurses at a mission hospital in Ghana: A descriptive cross-sectional study","authors":"Dorothy Serwaa Boakye ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Konadu ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kumah ,&nbsp;Richard Osei Agjei ,&nbsp;Azwihangwisi Helena Mavhandu-Mudzusi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nurses have been clinically involved in HIV/AIDS since the start of the epidemic. Before anti-retroviral therapy was available, nurses mobilised in various cities to care for patients in hospital units and community settings. Due to their multiple contributions to the care and management of patients infected with HIV, they are exposed to multiple risks while performing their duties. However, little is known on the rate of exposure to HIV infections among nurses in Ghana. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of occupational risk exposure to HIV among nurses, determine the medium of the exposures and the immediate measures taken following exposure to a suspected source.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among registered nurses at Seventh Day Adventist Hospital, Asamang, Ashanti Region from February to March 2021. An all- inclusive sampling approach was used to invite 235 participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate. Two hundred and thirty participants completed a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-six percent (56%) of the nurses have been exposed to HIV at the time of the study. Needle stick injury (60.8%) was the most common mechanism for exposure. The cannular (57.85%) represented the commonest type of needle and setting up an intravenous line (IV cannulation) (33.59%) and dealing with uncooperative patients (23.44%) were the commonest procedure through which an exposure occurred. The measures taken immediately after exposure were washing the affected part under running water (97.39%), identifying the source person and their status, and reporting to the immediate supervisor or the appropriate body (90.8%). Majority adhered to the right practices of universal precaution. Injection safety was the least practiced precaution (54.9%). Of the 56% exposed to HIV sources, 61% took Post Exposure Prophylaxis and 39% did not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of occupational risk exposure to HIV was high and was mostly through needle stick injury. The high proportion of the nurses who recapped needles after use indicate the need for interventions that focuses on the provision of resources for sustained training on safe handling and disposable of needles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100953"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among breastfeeding mothers in Yirgalem town, Southeast Ethiopia, 2024: a community-based study","authors":"Fikremariam Endeshaw ,&nbsp;Getnet Kassahun Azene ,&nbsp;Haimanote Abebe Geletie ,&nbsp;Mulugeta Animaw Kahali ,&nbsp;Mebratu Demissie ,&nbsp;Alex Yeshaneh ,&nbsp;Aberash Beyene Derribow ,&nbsp;Aynalem Belay ,&nbsp;Daniel Tsega ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Assefa ,&nbsp;Mangistu Abera ,&nbsp;Esuyawukal Mislu ,&nbsp;Dubale Dulla Koboto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.101005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>During lactation, consuming a diversified food is essential for the health of mothers and infants. However, most breastfeeding mothers in low-income countries rely on a monotonous staple diet, which can lead to undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and reduced productivity in future generations. Breastfeeding mothers should have a diversified diet. Despite this understanding, there is limited information on the minimum dietary diversity of breastfeeding mothers and its associated factors in the study area.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 632 breastfeeding mothers from March 02, 2024, to July 30, 2024. Participants were selected using simple random sampling techniques, and data were collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with minimum dietary diversity, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value of &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among breastfeeding mothers was 50.4%. Good nutritional knowledge (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.9–5.5), decision-making autonomy (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3–3.9), consuming three or more meals per day (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.3–8.0), having home gardening practices (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.6–4.9), household food security (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1–5.9), and belonging to a higher wealth index (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6–6.8) were independently associated with achieving minimum dietary diversity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendation</h3><div>The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among breastfeeding mothers in southeast Ethiopia was low. Higher household wealth index, maternal decision-making autonomy, consumption of three or more meals per day, household food security, home gardening practices, and good nutritional knowledge were significantly associated with achieving minimum dietary diversity. These findings highlight the need for integrated, nurse-led interventions that strengthen maternal nutrition education, promote women’s empowerment in household decision-making, and encourage regular consumption of diversified diets during pregnancy and lactation. In addition, supporting home gardening practices and improving household food security through community-based and multi-sectorial approaches may contribute to improving dietary diversity and overall maternal nutritional status among breastfeeding mothers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the ROOTS Program on empathy and bullying behavior in high school students in Bandung","authors":"Iyus Yosep ,&nbsp;Shelly Iskandar ,&nbsp;Ai Mardhiyah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rasyid Ramdhani ,&nbsp;Rohman Hikmat","doi":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijans.2026.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of the ROOTS Program on improving empathy and reducing bullying perpetration among Grade XI high school students in Bandung City, Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was conducted with 120 students (intervention n = 60; control n = 60) purposively recruited from two public high schools in Bandung City. The intervention consisted of eight weekly sessions (60–90 min each) delivered using a structured peer-led approach with trained peer leaders under school supervision. Empathy was measured using the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) and bullying perpetration using the Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument (APRI). Intervention effects were examined using ANCOVA (posttest as the dependent variable; group as the independent variable; pretest as covariate), supported by within-group analyses and effect size estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Empathy increased significantly in the intervention group (BES: 2.81 ± 0.41 to 3.83 ± 0.39; p &lt; 0.001; Cohen’s d = 2.55), while no significant change occurred in the control group (2.79 ± 0.44 to 2.85 ± 0.42; p = 0.214). Bullying perpetration decreased significantly in the intervention group (APRI: 45.2 ± 7.6 to 32.6 ± 6.9; p &lt; 0.001; Cohen’s d = 1.72) but not in the control group (44.7 ± 7.2 to 43.5 ± 7.0; p = 0.112). ANCOVA showed significant between-group differences at posttest for empathy (F = 34.8; p &lt; 0.001; partial η2 = 0.22) and bullying perpetration (F = 28.6; p &lt; 0.001; partial η2 = 0.19).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this Bandung City school setting, the ROOTS Program was associated with improved empathy and reduced bullying perpetration. A structured peer-led model may be considered as a feasible school-based strategy to strengthen a safe, inclusive, and prosocial learning climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38091,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}