European Journal of Radiology Open最新文献

{"title":"Insights about cervical lymph nodes: Evaluating deep learning–based reconstruction for head and neck computed tomography scan","authors":"Yu-Han Lin ,&nbsp;An-Chi Su ,&nbsp;Shu-Hang Ng ,&nbsp;Min-Ru Shen ,&nbsp;Yu-Jie Wu ,&nbsp;Ai-Chi Chen ,&nbsp;Chia-Wei Lee ,&nbsp;Yu-Chun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate differences in cervical lymph node image quality on dual-energy computed tomography (CT) scan with datasets reconstructed using filter back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR), and deep learning–based image reconstruction (DLIR) in patients with head and neck cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Seventy patients with head and neck cancer underwent follow-up contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT examinations. All datasets were reconstructed using FBP, hybrid IR with 30 % adaptive statistical IR (ASiR-V), and DLIR with three selectable levels (low, medium, and high) at 2.5- and 0.625-mm slice thicknesses. Herein, signal, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio of lymph nodes and overall image quality, artifact, and noise of selected regions of interest were evaluated by two radiologists. Next, cervical lymph node sharpness was evaluated using full width at half maximum.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>DLIR exhibited significantly reduced noise, ranging from 3.8 % to 35.9 % with improved signal-to-noise ratio (11.5–105.6 %) and contrast-to-noise ratio (10.5–107.5 %) compared with FBP and ASiR-V, for cervical lymph nodes (p &lt; 0.001). <em>Further, 0.625-mm-thick images reconstructed using DLIR-medium and DLIR-high had a lower noise than 2.5-mm-thick images reconstructed using FBP and ASiR-V.</em> The lymph node margins and vessels on DLIR-medium and DLIR-high were sharper than those on FBP and ASiR-V (p &lt; 0.05). Both readers agreed that DLIR had a better image quality than the conventional reconstruction algorithms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DLIR-medium and -high provided superior cervical lymph node image quality in head and neck CT. Improved image quality affords thin-slice DLIR images for dose-reduction protocols in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047723000606/pdfft?md5=93fd17990034695f9a051bd544bf8580&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047723000606-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear wave elastography for solid breast masses evaluation: Quantitative measurement of mean elasticity value and elasticity ratio","authors":"N. Marukatat ,&nbsp;P. Parklug ,&nbsp;S. Issaragrisil ,&nbsp;C. Sumanasrethakul","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Shear wave elastography (SWE), an ultrasonographic technique to measure the elasticity of mass lesions to evaluate breast mass. This study aimed to find out the cutoff values identifying breast malignancy using the mean elasticity (E-mean) and elasticity ratio (E-ratio) of breast masses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study included women underwent SWE and US-guided biopsy of breast masses. During conventional US, the SWE mode was also performed, determining elasticity measurements, E-mean and E-ratio. Histopathological reports were obtained to identify mass status. The optimal and alternative cutoff values for E-mean and E-ratio to determine malignancy were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Youden’s index score.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 147 benign and 93 malignant masses, the median of E-means were 26.20 (IQR 15.70–56.60) and 141.60 (IQR 119.80–154.60) kPa and the median E-ratios were 3.11 (IQR 1.83–5.23) and 9.24 (IQR 6.76–12.44), respectively. Using Youden’s index, the optimal cutoff values for E-mean and E-ratio were 90.35 and 5.89, with sensitivity of 87.1 % and 82.8 %, specificity of 89.1 % and 83.7 %, positive predictive value (PPV) of 83.5 % and 76.2 %, negative predictive value (NPV) of 91.6 % and 88.5 %, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 8.00 and 5.07, and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.14 and 0.21, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study revealed that SWE is useful in predicting malignancy. With the optimal cutoff values of E-mean and E-ratio at 90.35 kPa and 5.89, the sensitivity was nearly 90 % with E-mean and slightly over 80 % with E-ratio, respectively. These findings could be used in conjunction with conventional US.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000285/pdfft?md5=23a22290922c3ae3acff6fd61296abd6&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super resolution deep learning reconstruction for coronary CT angiography: A structured phantom study","authors":"Toru Higaki ,&nbsp;Fuminari Tatsugami ,&nbsp;Mickaël Ohana ,&nbsp;Yuko Nakamura ,&nbsp;Ikuo Kawashita ,&nbsp;Kazuo Awai","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Super-resolution deep-learning-based reconstruction: SR-DLR is a newly developed and clinically available deep-learning-based image reconstruction method that can improve the spatial resolution of CT images. The image quality of the output from non-linear image reconstructions, such as DLR, is known to vary depending on the structure of the object being scanned, and a simple phantom cannot explicitly evaluate the clinical performance of SR-DLR. This study aims to accurately investigate the quality of the images reconstructed by SR-DLR by utilizing a structured phantom that simulates the human anatomy in coronary CT angiography.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The structural phantom had ribs and vertebrae made of plaster, a left ventricle filled with dilute contrast medium, a coronary artery with simulated stenosis, and an implanted stent graft. By scanning the structured phantom, we evaluated noise and spatial resolution on the images reconstructed with SR-DLR and conventional reconstructions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The spatial resolution of SR-DLR was higher than conventional reconstructions; the 10 % modulation transfer function of hybrid IR (HIR), DLR, and SR-DLR were 0.792-, 0.976-, and 1.379 cycle/mm, respectively. At the same time, image noise was lowest (HIR: 21.1-, DLR: 19.0-, and SR-DLR: 13.1 HU). SR-DLR could accurately assess coronary artery stenosis and the lumen of the implanted stent graft.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>SR-DLR can obtain CT images with high spatial resolution and lower noise without special CT equipments, and will help diagnose coronary artery disease in CCTA and other CT examinations that require high spatial resolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235204772400025X/pdfft?md5=848a1255b113016a9a3d154385849c0d&pid=1-s2.0-S235204772400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation in image quality and immediate patient safety using pre-dual-flow injection for low-contrast dose spectral pulmonary artery CT angiography","authors":"Liwei Xue ,&nbsp;Qing Zhong ,&nbsp;Nianjie Xu ,&nbsp;Yanping Zheng ,&nbsp;Yuanfen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The patient safety of iodine contrast-enhanced pulmonary artery CT angiography (CTPA) is widely concerned. This study aimed to investigate the image quality and immediate patient safety of spectral CTPA using a lower-contrast dose pre-dual-flow injection method.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study included 120 patients with suspected pulmonary embolisms who received spectral CTPA between February and December 2022. Patients were divided into normal contrast injection (Group A, n=60) and pre-dual-flow group (Group B, n=60). CT values of pulmonary arteries (PAs) at different levels, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), arteriovenous separation performance, and beam hardening artifact (BHA) index of two sets of images were measured or calculated. The subjective image quality and immediate patient safety were also scored using the three-point method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Group B had a contrast dose reduction by 42.5 % (60 vs. 34.5 mL). Radiation exposure dose was not statistically different between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). CT values of different-level PAs on group B images were higher than those on group A images (P&lt;0.05). Group B images had higher SNR and CNR, better arteriovenous separation between PA trunk and pulmonary vein, and lower BHA index on soft tissue and PA (all P&lt;0.05). For subjective evaluation of image quality, group B had a better score in beam hardening artifact (P&lt;0.05). For immediate patient safety, the score in comfortability was statistically higher in group B, with P&lt;0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Comparing with the normal injection method, pre-dual-flow spectral CTPA with a lower contrast dose injected results in better image quality and shows potential in patient-safety promotion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000261/pdfft?md5=0b24b530fff32b27e4ac3afcd3cf54aa&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141077885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insertional Achilles tendinopathy: A radiographic cross-sectional comparison between symptomatic and asymptomatic heel of 71 patients","authors":"Kenichiro Nakajima","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether the standard radiographic indicators for Haglund's syndrome are applicable to insertional Achilles tendinopathy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients who underwent surgery for insertional Achilles tendinopathy in one heel and experienced no pain in the other heel were enrolled in this study. Preoperative calibrated radiographs of the lateral view of the calcaneus were assessed using (1) calcaneal pitch angle, (2) Fowler-Phillip angle, (3) posterior calcaneal angle, (4) Chauveau-Liet angle, (5) X/Y ratio, (6) Haglund’s deformity height, (7) Haglund’s deformity peak angle, (8) calcification length, (9) calcification width, (10) parallel pitch test, and (11) presence of free body. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and McNemar’s test were used for statistical analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seventy-one patients (52 males; mean age, 57.2; mean body mass index, 27.1) were included. Mean values for each index in the symptomatic and asymptomatic heels were as follows, respectively: (1) 23.5, 23.0 (<em>p</em> = 0.30); (2) 58.9, 57.8 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); (3) 7.6, 9.2 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); (4) 15.8, 13.9 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); (5) 2.8, 2.8 (<em>p</em> = 0.87); (6) 5.4, 5.0 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); (7) 99.6, 99.0 (<em>p</em> = 0.44); (8) 10.5, 7.6 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001); and (9) 5.1, 4.4 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve of significant indicators were as follows, respectively: (2) 0.78, 0.37, 0.55; (3) 0.45, 0.72, 0.58; (4) 0.63, 0.54, 0.57; (6) 0.45, 0.69, 0.59; (8) 0.48, 0.80, 0.66; and (9) 0.63, 0.54, 0.59. The presence of free body also showed a significant difference between both heels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Some radiographic indicators for Haglund's syndrome are applicable to the diagnosis of insertional Achilles tendinopathy. A comparison of the parameters of Haglund’s syndrome with those of insertional Achilles tendinopathy may illuminate the etiology and pathology of insertional Achilles tendinopathy and lead to novel treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000236/pdfft?md5=2037a047a4b1c66f44d7296043e1cd05&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced deep learning-based image reconstruction in lumbar spine MRI at 0.55 T – Effects on image quality and acquisition time in comparison to conventional deep learning-based reconstruction","authors":"Felix Schlicht ,&nbsp;Jan Vosshenrich ,&nbsp;Ricardo Donners ,&nbsp;Alina Carolin Seifert ,&nbsp;Matthias Fenchel ,&nbsp;Dominik Nickel ,&nbsp;Markus Obmann ,&nbsp;Dorothee Harder ,&nbsp;Hanns-Christian Breit","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate an optimized deep leaning-based image post-processing technique in lumbar spine MRI at 0.55 T in terms of image quality and image acquisition time.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Lumbar spine imaging was conducted on 18 patients using a 0.55 T MRI scanner, employing conventional (CDLR) and advanced (ADLR) deep learning-based post-processing techniques. Two musculoskeletal radiologists visually evaluated the images using a 5-point Likert scale to assess image quality and resolution. Quantitative assessment in terms of signal intensities (SI) and contrast ratios was performed by region of interest measurements in different body-tissues (vertebral bone, intervertebral disc, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid and autochthonous back muscles) to investigate differences between CDLR and ADLR sequences.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The images processed with the advanced technique (ADLR) were rated superior to the conventional technique (CDLR) in terms of signal/contrast, resolution, and assessability of the spinal canal and neural foramen. The interrater agreement was moderate for signal/contrast (ICC = 0.68) and good for resolution (ICC = 0.77), but moderate for spinal canal and neuroforaminal assessability (ICC = 0.55). Quantitative assessment showed a higher contrast ratio for fluid-sensitive sequences in the ADLR images. The use of ADLR reduced image acquisition time by 44.4%, from 14:22 min to 07:59 min.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Advanced deep learning-based image reconstruction algorithms improve the visually perceived image quality in lumbar spine imaging at 0.55 T while simultaneously allowing to substantially decrease image acquisition times.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><p>Advanced deep learning-based image post-processing techniques (ADLR) in lumbar spine MRI at 0.55 T significantly improves image quality while reducing image acquisition time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000224/pdfft?md5=758cb01b85dcdca1cb917fb3cdfbb660&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional MR myelography for cerebrospinal fluid leak detection","authors":"Iichiro Osawa ,&nbsp;Takashi Mitsufuji ,&nbsp;Keita Nagawa ,&nbsp;Yuki Hara ,&nbsp;Toshimasa Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Nobuo Araki ,&nbsp;Eito Kozawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak conspicuity and image quality as visualized using 3D versus 2D magnetic resonance (MR) myelography in patients with spinal CSF leaks.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighteen patients underwent spinal MR imaging at 3 Tesla. Three board-certified radiologists independently evaluated CSF leak conspicuity and image quality on a 4-point scale; the latter assessed by scoring fat suppression, venous visualization, and severity of CSF flow artifacts. Additionally, the evaluators ranked the overall performances of 2D versus 3D MR myelography upon completing side-by-side comparisons of CSF leak conspicuity. Inter-reader agreement was determined using the Gwet’s AC1.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The quality of 3D MR myelography images was significantly better than that of 2D MR myelography with respect to CSF leak conspicuity (mean scores: 3.3 vs. 1.9, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) and severity of CSF flow artifacts on the axial view (mean scores: 1.0 vs. 2.5, <em>p</em> = 0.0001). Inter-reader agreement was moderate to almost perfect for 2D MR myelography (AC1 = 0.55–1.00), and almost perfect for 3D MR myelography (AC1 = 0.85–1.00). Moreover, 3D MR myelography was judged to be superior to 2D acquisition in 78 %, 83 %, and 83 % of the samples per readers 1, 2 and 3, respectively; the inter-reader agreement was almost perfect (AC1: reader 1 vs. 2; 0.98, reader 2 vs. 3; 0.96, reader 3 vs. 1; 0.98).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CSF leaks are more conspicuous when using 3D MR myelography than when using its 2D counterpart; therefore, the former is more reliable for identifying such leaks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000200/pdfft?md5=df7496bb249ecf4943a1c38acd785ecd&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140643968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning approaches in the prediction of positive axillary lymph nodes post neoadjuvant chemotherapy using MRI, CT, or ultrasound: A systematic review","authors":"Shirin Yaghoobpoor ,&nbsp;Mobina Fathi ,&nbsp;Hamed Ghorani ,&nbsp;Parya Valizadeh ,&nbsp;Payam Jannatdoust ,&nbsp;Arian Tavasol ,&nbsp;Melika Zarei ,&nbsp;Arvin Arian","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard treatment approach for locally advanced breast cancer. Conventional imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound, have been used for axillary lymph node evaluation which is crucial for treatment planning and prognostication. This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine the current research on applying machine learning algorithms for predicting positive axillary lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy utilizing imaging modalities, including MRI, CT, and ultrasound.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies published up to December 2023. Articles employing machine learning algorithms to predict positive axillary lymph nodes using MRI, CT, or ultrasound data after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included. The review follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, encompassing data extraction and quality assessment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seven studies were included, comprising 1502 patients. Four studies used MRI, two used CT, and one applied ultrasound. Two studies developed deep-learning models, while five used classic machine-learning models mainly based on multiple regression. Across the studies, the models showed high predictive accuracy, with the best-performing models combining radiomics and clinical data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This systematic review demonstrated the potential of utilizing advanced data analysis techniques, such as deep learning radiomics, in improving the prediction of positive axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000169/pdfft?md5=ef912140f1c0c9888e41da85ac25a347&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000169-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140643967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of different imaging modalities for splenic malignancies: A comparative meta-analysis","authors":"Parya Valizadeh ,&nbsp;Payam Jannatdoust ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Tahamtan ,&nbsp;Hamed Ghorani ,&nbsp;Soroush Soleimani Dorcheh ,&nbsp;Khashayar Farnoud ,&nbsp;Faeze Salahshour","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>The spleen hosts both benign and malignant lesions. Despite multiple imaging modalities, the distinction between these lesions poses a diagnostic challenge, marked by varying diagnostic accuracy levels across methods. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of various imaging techniques for detecting malignant splenic lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases for studies evaluating imaging techniques in detecting malignant splenic lesions. Data extraction included diagnostic accuracy metrics, and methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. Diagnostic Test Accuracy meta-analyses were conducted using R (version: 4.2.1). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to compare different modalities and clinical settings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our study included 28 studies (pooled sample size: 2358), primarily using retrospective designs with histopathology as the reference standard. PET scan demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 92 %), demonstrating a sensitivity of 93 % (95 % CI: 80.4 % - 97.7 %) and a specificity of 82.8 % (95 % CI: 71.1 % - 90.4 %). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), Contrast-enhanced CT scan, and contrast-enhanced MRI also showed impressive performance with AUCs of 91.4 %, 90.9 %, and 85.3 %, respectively. Differences among these modalities were not statistically significant, but they outperformed non-contrast-enhanced methods. PET and CEUS exhibited higher specificity for lymphoma cases compared to studies including other malignancies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion and clinical implications</h3><p>Overall, PET emerges as the best modality for splenic malignancies, and CEUS and CE-MRI show promise as potential alternatives, notably due to their reduced radiation exposure. Further research is essential for precise malignancy differentiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000212/pdfft?md5=abf75c25948df04dfa47eb2153f47843&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000212-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrow band imaging-based radiogenomics for predicting radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma","authors":"Cheng-Wei Tie ,&nbsp;Xin Dong ,&nbsp;Ji-Qing Zhu ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Xu-Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Yu-Meng Liu ,&nbsp;Gui-Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Ye Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Guang Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2024.100563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to assess the efficacy of narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy in utilizing radiomics for predicting radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to explore the associated molecular mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>The study included 57 NPC patients who were pathologically diagnosed and underwent RNA sequencing. They were categorized into complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) groups after receiving radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy. We analyzed 267 NBI images using ResNet50 for feature extraction, obtaining 2048 radiomic features per image. Using Python for deep learning and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for feature selection, we identified differentially expressed genes associated with radiomic features. Subsequently, we conducted enrichment analysis on these genes and validated their roles in the tumor immune microenvironment through single-cell RNA sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After feature selection, 54 radiomic features were obtained. The machine learning algorithm constructed from these features showed that the random forest algorithm had the highest average accuracy rate of 0.909 and an area under the curve of 0.961. Correlation analysis identified 30 differential genes most closely associated with the radiomic features. Enrichment and immune infiltration analysis indicated that tumor-associated macrophages are closely related to treatment responses. Three key NBI differentially expressed immune genes (NBI-DEIGs), namely CCL8, SLC11A1, and PTGS2, were identified as regulators influencing treatment responses through macrophages.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>NBI-based radiomics models introduce a novel and effective method for predicting radiosensitivity in NPC. The molecular mechanisms may involve the functional states of macrophages, as reflected by key regulatory genes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047724000182/pdfft?md5=d020dd4a8958452b6cb40c6c1b6f4ceb&pid=1-s2.0-S2352047724000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}