New Microbes and New Infections最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced immunogenicity of COVID-19 RBD fused to mutant scorpion's phospholipase D for vaccine development","authors":"Mohammad-Reza Zareinejad ,&nbsp;Mahdi Behdani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ,&nbsp;Akbar Oghalaie ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hosseininejad-Chafi ,&nbsp;Kamran Pooshang-Bagheri ,&nbsp;Delavar Shahbazzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The management of the global COVID-19 pandemic relies, in part, on the rapid development of preventive vaccines at an unparalleled speed. The infection caused by the coronavirus is facilitated by the spike glycoprotein trimmer located on the surface of the virion, specifically through its receptor binding domain (RBD). The response of antibodies to this domain is a key indicator of the immunization's effectiveness and is well correlated with the neutralization of the viral agent. The failure of COVID-19 vaccines to induce complete neutralization provides an opportunity to find an alternative way. In this study, we show that recombinant RBD, Wuhan-specific; fused to mPLD1 protein, a highly effective immunogen from <em>Hemiscorpius lepturus</em> scorpion's venom, induce a potent immune response in mouse model. Conventional virus neutralization test (cVNT) with serum of mice immunized with mPLD1-RBD fusion protein, protects the Vero cells against the Omicron and Wuhan variants at the minimum of 1/64 and 1/32 dilution, respectively. The data strongly suggests that the subunit recombinant fusion protein could be a promising candidate for vaccine development against COVID-19. Our research showed that fusion of mPLD1, a highly effective immunogen, with RBD significantly boosts the immune response and substantially amplifies RBD antigenic properties in lab animals, setting the stage for their assessment in a comprehensive preclinical study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101634"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of yeasts in the oral microbiota of bats (Chiroptera) in Piauí, Brazil","authors":"Tatiane Nobre Pinto ,&nbsp;Gisela Lara da Costa ,&nbsp;Michael Anderson Teneu Costa ,&nbsp;Érica Vitória dos Santos Lima ,&nbsp;Tayná Rafaelle Coêlho de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Jadielson da Silva Santos ,&nbsp;Kelly Maria Rêgo da Silva ,&nbsp;Simone Mousinho Freire ,&nbsp;Manoel Marques Evangelista Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bats in Brazil play a crucial ecological role; additionally, these mammals are known hosts of potential zoonotic pathogens and pathogenic fungi. The increase in their interactions with humans and other animals, caused by anthropogenic pressure, can lead to the dispersal of pathogens. Despite this, the fungal microbiome of these animals in Brazil has been little investigated. This project aims to analyze the fungal microbiota of bats and identify potentially pathogenic yeasts in populations of the Cerrado and Caatinga. The study included 47 bats captured in Piauí, Brazil. Samples were collected from the oral mucosa and the isolated yeasts were identified by a polyphasic taxonomy approach, using techniques such as partial sequencing of genes from the ITS region and MALDI-TOF MS. It was possible to isolate 17 yeast samples, including the pathogenic yeasts <em>Candida albicans</em>, <em>Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida carphophila (Meyerozyma carphophila</em>). The importance of continuous surveillance of the fungal microbiota of bats is highlighted, especially in ecologically sensitive areas such as the Cerrado and Caatinga. Detailed characterization of the oral microbiota of these animals contributes to the understanding of ecological interactions with fungi and provides essential data for strategies to prevent zoonoses and protect human and animal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101628"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of colistin heteroresistance in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates","authors":"Ali Hematian ,&nbsp;Morteza Karami-Zarandi ,&nbsp;Hossein Ali Rahdar ,&nbsp;Hamid Heidari ,&nbsp;Hossein Kazemian","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Colistin is considered a last-resort antibiotic against <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> strains with advanced drug resistance. Various mechanisms, such as those affecting the bacterial outer membrane and efflux pumps, mediate colistin resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred clinical <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates were collected from various infections and identified using standard tests. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antibiotics, as well as colistin, against the isolates were determined using the broth microdilution method. The population analysis profile (PAP) was conducted to determine colistin heteroresistance, and a time-kill assay was also performed. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, the presence of <em>mcr1-3</em> genes, as well as mutations in the <em>pmrCAB</em> and <em>lpx</em> genes, were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All isolates were multidrug-resistant, and more than 85 % of the isolates were resistant to all antibiotics tested except colistin (colistin MIC ≤1 mg/L). Eleven colistin-heteroresistant isolates were found. All heteroresistant isolates were also resistant to imipenem. The time-kill assay indicated at 1 × MIC and 2 × MIC concentrations, the three heteroresistant isolates showed noteworthy regrowth at 6 and 12 h, respectively. All of the isolates were negative for <em>mcr</em> genes. Among 11 heteroresistant isolates, mutations in the <em>pmrB</em>, <em>lpxC</em>, and <em>lpxD</em> genes were found in four isolates, with one isolate having double mutations in the <em>pmrB</em> and <em>lpxD</em> genes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our research indicates that resistant subpopulations may develop during colistin monotherapy. These findings highlight the importance of continuous surveillance, the use of combination therapy, and the development of new strategies to combat <em>A. baumannii</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101633"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A large-scale chikungunya outbreak in China: Implications for global health in the era of climate change","authors":"Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi ,&nbsp;Ruba A. Al-Smadi ,&nbsp;Tareq L. Mukattash","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101632","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101632"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of dengue fever in travellers: a systematic literature review","authors":"Martin P. Grobusch ,&nbsp;Marta Díaz-Menéndez ,&nbsp;Eduardo Bittencourt de Gomensoro ,&nbsp;Caroline Mächler ,&nbsp;Bojana Milovanović","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection with growing global impact, including international travellers travelling to and from endemic regions. This systematic literature review aimed to assess the clinical and economic burden of dengue in travellers from non-endemic countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines to assess the incidence, prevalence, mortality, healthcare resource use, and costs of dengue fever in travellers between non-endemic and endemic regions. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Epistemonikos. Due to heterogeneity, data were synthesised descriptively without quantitative analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy unique studies were included. Heterogeneity in design, inconsistent reporting, and lack of denominator data limited the ability to calculate incidence rates or compare risks across regions. Two prospective studies provided incidence rates, reaching 58.7 cases per 1000 person-months of travel. No studies reported prevalence data. With three cases, reported mortality was rare. No cost data were identified, but limited data on healthcare resource use were identified from seven publications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings highlight the challenges in quantifying individual risk and the need for improved surveillance, prospective data collection, and targeted prevention strategies. These results support improved travel health guidance and may inform vaccination strategies for travellers to endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local transmission of arboviral infections in the south of France and prevention paradigms - status quo August 2025","authors":"Philippe Gautret ,&nbsp;Patricia Schlagenhauf","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101629"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission dynamics and response strategies for the chikungunya outbreak in Southern China","authors":"Qinyue Zheng ,&nbsp;Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq ,&nbsp;Qiuwei Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101630"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airport/seaport and autochthonous malaria in Europe from 1969 to 2022: A systematic review","authors":"Daniela Balzli ,&nbsp;Nejla Gültekin ,&nbsp;Zeno Stanga ,&nbsp;Ismail Ülgür ,&nbsp;Nadja Hedrich ,&nbsp;Jan Fehr ,&nbsp;Patricia Schlagenhauf","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In the context of this paper, airport/seaport malaria denotes the accidental relocation by air or sea of a malaria infected mosquito to Europe, a non-endemic area, the survival of the transported mosquito and subsequent blood meal and infection of a local person. Autochthonous malaria refers to locally transmitted cases of malaria in Europe.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023444243). PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE electronic databases as well as EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL were searched for eligible papers. The selection process followed strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 68 papers describing 115 cases of airport, seaport or autochthonous malaria in Europe, with a total of 68 airport/seaport malaria cases and 47 autochthonous malaria cases. France, Germany, Italy and Spain reported both types of malaria cases. Cases of airport/seaport malaria only were reported from Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Cases of autochthonous malaria only were reported from Greece, Malta and the Netherlands. The case fatality rates for airport/seaport malaria were 13.24 % and for autochthonous malaria 2.13 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The importance of airport/seaport and autochthonous malaria is related to the frequently delayed or missed diagnosis, leading to high case fatality rates. Rising temperature may facilitate the importation and proliferation of competent <em>Anopheles</em> vectors. Increased human migration and travel with malaria parasite carriage may contribute to the reemergence of autochthonous malaria in Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet dynamics and thrombocytopenia in dengue fever: A prospective cohort study from Shenzhen, China","authors":"Liping Guo ,&nbsp;Yuchen Gu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Haimei Zhang ,&nbsp;Weizhen Weng ,&nbsp;Shuai Wu ,&nbsp;Jing Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dengue fever, the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease, causes ∼400 million infections annually. Although thrombocytopenia is commonly associated with dengue, how it evolves in relation to viral load and immune responses remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate platelet-virus-immune interactions in acute dengue by systematically tracking of viral load, platelet parameters, and leukocyte dynamics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective cohort study was conducted at Third People's Hospital in 2024, involving 135 confirmed dengue cases, supported by retrospective data from 2014 to 2023. Platelet counts, hematocrit (HCT), and cellular immunity markers (lymphocyte/neutrophil percentages) were longitudinally tracked. Viral load was quantified via NS5 gene Ct values. Statistical analyses involved LOESS regression and Pearson/Spearman correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Platelet counts exhibited a biphasic decline, reaching nadir levels (mean: 97.65 × 10⁹/L) at 6 days post-onset, with recovery by day 9. Thrombocytopenia severity was stratified as intermediate-low (50–99 × 10⁹/L; 50 %, 64/128) and very low (&lt;50 × 10⁹/L; 14.8 %, 19/128). Platelet decline correlated with elevated lymphocyte percentages (40 % vs. 17.8 % pre-decline; p &lt; 0.001) and suppressed neutrophils (46.6 % vs. 68.3 %; p &lt; 0.001). Critically, platelet counts inversely correlated with viral load (Ct values: R = 0.25, p = 0.028), HCT (R = −0.25), and platelet activation markers (MPV: R = −0.55; P-LCR: R = −0.57), while positively associating with platelet hematocrit (PCT: R = 0.97). No cases progressed to severe dengue despite extreme thrombocytopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies distinct dengue thrombocytopenia kinetics driven by viral load. Predominant moderate thrombocytopenia (50–99 × 10⁹/L) challenges conventional risk stratification, advocating integrated monitoring of platelet indices and viral replication. These data advance both risk prediction and mechanistic knowledge of platelet-virus interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101624"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of cryptosporidium spp. in pediatric acute gastroenteritis: Epidemiological insights from northeastern Iran","authors":"Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash ,&nbsp;Seyed Aliakbar Shamsian ,&nbsp;Fariba Berenji ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh ,&nbsp;Mehdi Zarean ,&nbsp;Behrouz Mahmoudi Gorgi ,&nbsp;Sahar Soleimanian ,&nbsp;Elnaz Nakhaei ,&nbsp;Lida Jarahi","doi":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. are significant zoonotic pathogens causing gastroenteritis, particularly in pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, molecular characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> species among children with acute gastroenteritis in northeastern Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 children aged 3 months to 12 years at Dr. Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad, between January 2023 and June 2024. Stool samples were examined microscopically using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and molecular analysis was performed targeting the 18S rRNA gene through PCR. Positive samples were sequenced, and phylogenetic trees were constructed to assess genetic diversity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Microscopic examination detected <em>Cryptosporidium</em> oocysts in 23.2 % of samples, while molecular analysis identified <em>Cryptosporidium</em> DNA in 26.8 %, demonstrating the superior sensitivity of PCR. Sequencing results revealed <em>Cryptosporidium parvum</em> as the predominant species (14/15 samples) with one <em>Cryptosporidium hominis</em> case. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed genetic diversity among isolates, highlighting potential zoonotic and environmental transmission routes. No significant associations were observed between infection prevalence and demographic factors such as age or gender (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the importance of molecular diagnostics in accurately identifying <em>Cryptosporidium</em> species and understanding their epidemiological significance. The findings contribute to regional knowledge on <em>Cryptosporidium</em> infections and highlight the need for targeted public health interventions to reduce disease burden in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38074,"journal":{"name":"New Microbes and New Infections","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101622"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}