MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)最新文献

{"title":"MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells: Implications for Radioresistance and Chemoresistance in Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Vasanth Kanth Thasma Loganathbabu, Harin N Ganesh, Ravi Gor, Kandasamy Nagarajan Aruljothi, Satish Ramalingam","doi":"10.2174/0122115366300151250107091224","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366300151250107091224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in cancer cells and Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), and play an indispensable role in the development of resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment. The dysregulation of miRNAs in CSCs plays a vital role in influencing the features of CSCs and their resistance mechanisms in different types of cancer. These miRNAs are also engaged in regulating important signaling pathways, such as Notch and Wnt, which have an impact on the behavior of CSCs and their response to treatment. The intricate network of miRNAs and their interactions with essential proteins and major pathways highlight their potential as therapeutic targets for controlling cancer stem cell behavior and improving the outcomes of cancer therapy by understanding their effects. Comprehending the complex relationship among the production of microRNA, the environment surrounding the tumor, and the processes by which cells communicate can provide vital knowledge for developing successful treatments to overcome resistance to chemotherapy and radiation in cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"14-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Insight into the Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicle-derived Noncoding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Vijayalakshmi Jayaraman, Soniga Apthi, Liza Datta, Kanagaraj Palaniyandi, Dhanavathy Gnanasampanthapandian","doi":"10.2174/0122115366340684251213003152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366340684251213003152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most frequent and lethal cancers globally, with early detection remaining a significant challenge because of asymptomatic early stages and limitations of current screening methods. This underscores the pressing need for new, non-invasive biomarkers for early CRC detection to enhance patient outcomes. Advancements in the molecular biology of cancer have highlighted the importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the genesis and progression of CRC. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown promise in this regard. These molecules, carried by small extracellular vesicles known as exosomes, are key players in cell communication and have been associated with the regulation of essential cancer pathways, including cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review discusses the potential of exosomal ncRNAs as innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC. This study covers their role in cancer biology, the challenges in their application, and future directions for leveraging these ncRNAs to advance CRC diagnosis and treatment. Exploring exosomal ncRNAs opens new avenues for enhancing CRC management through early detection and targeted therapy, potentially transforming oncology patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"15 1","pages":"51-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Prognosis and Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: An Emerging Biomarker.","authors":"O Surekha Vani, Kavitha R Thangaraj, Varshaa Ravichandran, Solomon F D Paul","doi":"10.2174/0122115366340944241122100236","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366340944241122100236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide, and it is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common cancer in men. Accumulating evidence suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors play a key role in the development of colorectal cancer. Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) play an important role in the suppression or development of cancer in various conditions. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have been the focus, and the association of CSC and non-coding RNA has played a crucial role in the development of human cancers. These non-coding RNAs are known to be expressed in many cancers. Studies have suggested that ncRNAs are dysregulated in colorectal cancer cells, and different factors, like Wnt and Notch, are involved in this dysregulation. ncRNAs play a significant role in cancer initiation, migration, and resistance to therapies. Moreover, long noncoding RNAs are known to regulate tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Targeting different ncRNAs like miRNA, circular RNA, long noncoding RNAs, and small interfering RNA may provide efficient, targeted therapeutic strategies for colon cancer treatment. This review aims to briefly discuss the latest findings on the role of noncoding RNAs in the prognosis and diagnosis of colon cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Gut and Skin Microbiome: Implications for Colorectal Cancer and Healthy Longevity.","authors":"Soumya Vijayan Soudha, Chaithra Prasad, Sreejith Parameswara Panicker","doi":"10.2174/0122115366342509250401043719","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366342509250401043719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last forty years, cancer mortality rates have risen by more than 40%, with colorectal cancer (CRC) ranking as the third most common kind worldwide, significantly affected by dietary factors. Restricted access to sophisticated medical treatment and insufficient comprehension of colorectal cancer's biology contribute to its elevated occurrence. Researchers have recognized dysbiosis of the gut microbiome as a critical contributor to the development of colorectal cancer, as it influences the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and subsequent molecular pathways essential for tumor proliferation. Moreover, interactions between gut and skin microbiota can impact systemic health and ncRNA regulation, influencing CRC advancement. This study shows how important the gut-skin microbiome axis is in developing colorectal cancer. It suggests that targeting this axis may lead to new treatments, such as changing the microbiome through probiotics, prebiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation. Nonetheless, we must address obstacles such as population heterogeneity and intricate microbiome-host interactions to facilitate the transition of these medicines into clinical practice. This study seeks to elucidate the roles of dietary treatments, microbiomes, and ncRNAs in the etiology and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC).</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA and Cancer: A History of Medical Successes and Opportunities","authors":"Alberto Izzotti","doi":"10.2174/0122115366504320260504114835","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366504320260504114835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"v - vi"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing miRNAs' Janus-Faced Nature: Transforming Cold Tumours into Immunotherapy Hotspots and Overcoming Chemoresistance.","authors":"Shinjini Sen, Ranu Nayak, Banashree Bondhopadhyay, Sudeep Bose","doi":"10.2174/0122115366340113241216043551","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366340113241216043551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In cancer research, tumour complexity and treatment resistance have become more prevalent. Especially microRNA (miRNA) modulation has recently come into light as a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy, particularly in converting \"cold\" tumours with limited immune cell infiltration into \"hot\" tumours responsive to immunotherapy. Tumour microenvironments are influenced by miRNAs, while specific miRNAs are targeted in cold tumours to enhance the immune response, potentially improving therapeutic efficacy. A miRNA profiling approach may enable earlier cancer detection and personalized treatments, emphasizing its importance for oncology in the future. This review sheds light on miRNA's role in cold and hot tumour microenvironments, that how they can modulate depending on the tumour niche. Furthermore, therapeutic resistance might develop over time and aid to decrease the efficacy of miRNA regulation. To address the hurdles of finding relevant miRNAs to target, researchers may use high-throughput sequencing methods to characterise miRNA expression across tumour subtypes. They may also use bioinformatics tools and databases to analyse massive amounts of miRNA-related data and find prospective candidate miRNAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microrna Expression in <i>Aurelia aurita</i> Metamorphosis.","authors":"Alberto Izzotti, Clelia Norese, Nicola Pussini, Elena Izzotti, Silvia Lavorano, Marco Giovine, Giorgio Bavestrello, Marina Pozzolini","doi":"10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In animal taxa and jellyfish, the same genome encodes for the different phenotypes that characterize life stages that follow each other during ontogeny. This situation underscores the existence of profound regulation of genomic information at the epigenetic level. MicroRNAs are fundamental epigenetic regulators. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of microRNA regulation during jellyfish metamorphosis and to explore the existence of evolutionarily conserved microRNAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Specimens belonging to the 4-metamorphosis stages of A. aurita (polyps, ephyra, young, and adult jellyfish) were bred and collected. The expression of 2,549 miRNAs for each stage was tested using microarray technology. The comparison of microRNA expression for each phase was performed using line plot analysis and Principal Component Analysis of variance (PCA), while the identification of microRNA clusters was performed via volcano plot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A remarkable number of A. aurita miRNAs specifically hybridize with a human miRNA library. Each metamorphosis stage is characterized by a different level of expression of miRNAs: 1) Polyp vs. Ephyra stage: 128 upregulated, 2 downregulated; 2) Ephyra vs. Young stage: 2 upregulated, 135 downregulated; 3) Young vs. Adult stage: 69 upregulated, 6 downregulated. Specific functions inferred from known activities of corresponding miRNAs in higher animals (PubMed database) appear to be coherent with the correlated experimental model.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Present results reveal that microRNAs with human homologs undergo specific expression changes throughout Aurelia aurita metamorphosis. This observation reinforces the hypothesis of a shared evolutionary origin of certain miRNA families between Cnidaria and Bilateria. The dynamic and stage-specific regulation pattern observed suggests that miRNAs play a key role in orchestrating the complex transitions involved in jellyfish development. These findings point to a broader conservation of epigenetic mechanisms, such as miRNA-mediated gene silencing, which may have emerged early in metazoan evolution and contributed to the regulation of cell differentiation and phenotype modulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlights the importance of Aurelia aurita as a model for investigating miRNA-driven epigenetic regulation in non-bilaterian animals. The identification of human-homologous miRNAs provides novel insights into the evolutionary stability of the epigenetic machinery and suggests conserved regulatory functions across distant taxa. Although limited by the use of a human-based microarray platform, the data presented here lay a solid foundation for future studies employing sequencing and functional assays to further explore the role of miRNAs in cnidarian development and evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"94-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Controlling the Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells.","authors":"Surajit Pathak","doi":"10.2174/0122115366472488260311030147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366472488260311030147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148901190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Studies in Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Mohamed Y Zaky, Hadeer M Hamdalla","doi":"10.2174/0122115366331268250303031240","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366331268250303031240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most lethal cancer worldwide. Complex intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment influences cancer progression, therapeutic resistance, with Exosomes (Exos) and Circulating Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) playing a critical role in this communication. Exosomes can impact recipient cells by carrying various biomolecules, promoting changes that support cancer progression. This review focuses specifically on exosome-derived noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in CRC, including microRNAs (miRNAs]), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as significant regulators of cancer biology. The roles of these exosomal ncRNAs in CRC are central to tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This review delves into specific molecular mechanisms, such as exosomal lncRNA H19, which enhances CRC chemoresistance by activating the β-catenin pathway, and exo-miR-21, which is implicated in 5-FU chemoresistance. We also highlight emerging evidence on exosomal circRNAs like circ_0006174, linked to doxorubicin resistance through miR-1205/CCND2 axis modulation. These exo-ncRNAs have shown promise as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, with studies indicating their diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in CRC patient cohorts. By examining recent in vivo and in vitro studies, we offer a comprehensive understanding of exosomal ncRNAs' roles in CRC pathogenesis and potential applications in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"27-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equine MicroRNAs: Performance, Reproduction, and Disease.","authors":"Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff","doi":"10.2174/0122115366369721250606113102","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366369721250606113102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. They are essential in numerous biological processes like growth, metabolism, and muscle development. miRNA research has become crucial in livestock breeding, offering solutions for improving animal health and productivity. This review focuses on miRNAs' roles in equine performance, reproduction, and disease, highlighting key findings and future applications in these areas. It discusses the use of circulating miRNAs (ci-miRNA) as biomarkers for athletic performance, particularly in endurance sports, by monitoring responses to exercise-induced stress and recovery. It also examines miRNAs involved in reproductive health, such as those influencing endometritis, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. In terms of disease, miRNAs are highlighted as potential biomarkers for osteoarthritis and sarcoids, offering insights into early diagnosis and treatment. Overall, the review emphasizes the promise of miRNAs in improving equine care through personalized diagnostics and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}