MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)最新文献

{"title":"Nanomedicine for Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Progress.","authors":"Himani Pandey, Awaneet Kaur, Javed Khan, Anushka Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0122115366427696260203074113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366427696260203074113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complex nature of the pathophysiology and limited treatment options of AD make it a huge challenge in healthcare. The recent developments in nanotechnology have given fresh hope for diagnosing and treating AD, which could serve as a way out of the existing problems. This review dwells on the role of nanotechnology in AD and its applications at its early stages through the development of nanosensors and boost imaging methods. Additionally, nanotechnology-driven therapeutic strategies are being investigated with nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems that aim to target the blood-brain barrier, among others. Current research innovations, clinical trials, and prospects highlight the transformative potential of nanotechnology in reshaping AD management. Ethical issues related to applying nanomedicine in neurodegenerative diseases, as well as fears about nanoparticles, are carefully analyzed herein. Finally, this review concludes with a synthesis of how nanotechnology has affected Alzheimer's Disease (AD) while emphasizing emerging trends and future directions toward advancing research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This comprehensive overview underscores the pivotal role of nanotechnology in revolutionizing AD prognosis and therapy, paving the way for personalized and effective treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Update: Exploring the Mechanisms and Clinical Significance of Amyloidosis-associated Neuropathy.","authors":"Krishana Kumar Sharma, Baljeet Kaur, Deepak Jain, Anjali Singh, Neelam Bhardwaj, Nishat Fatma","doi":"10.2174/0122115366414886251228035214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366414886251228035214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyloidosis encompasses a spectrum of disorders characterized by the extracellular accumulation of insoluble amyloid fibrils in various tissues, with peripheral neuropathy emerging as one of the most significant clinical manifestations. Peripheral sensory neurons are highly susceptible to amyloid-induced injury due to their long axonal projections and the relatively weaker neurovascular barrier of the dorsal root ganglia compared with the blood-brain and plasma-nerve barriers. Resulting nerve damage contributes to painful and disabling peripheral neuropathy, which affects millions worldwide. While hereditary amyloidosis polyneuropathies and type 2 diabetes are well-recognized conditions linked to amyloid deposition and neuropathy, similar pathogenic mechanisms may also be implicated in certain autoimmune and chronic metabolic disorders. A unifying histopathological feature across these diverse conditions is the deposition of amyloidogenic proteins. These fibrillar aggregates, composed of self-assembled peptides and proteins, disrupt tissue homeostasis, impair cellular function, and promote progressive nerve damage. Both inherited and acquired forms of amyloidosis are capable of triggering neuropathic complications, suggesting that amyloid-related mechanisms represent a convergent pathway in neuropathy of varied etiologies. In particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus stands out as a common condition in which amyloid accumulation significantly contributes to peripheral nerve injury. Collectively, these observations highlight the molecular and cellular parallels between different forms of amyloid-associated neuropathies and emphasize the need for deeper investigation into shared mechanisms that link protein aggregation with neuronal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Significance of Podoplanin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Deval Brajesh Dubey, Swati Agnihotri, Aniruddha Sen, Malti Kumari Maurya, Devanshi Brajesh Dubey","doi":"10.2174/0122115366434903260330072807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366434903260330072807","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;About 80-90% of all oral cancers worldwide are Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCCs), making them the most common type of oral malignancy. Due to its propensity for lymph node metastasis, lack of accurate prognostic indicators, and delayed diagnosis, OSCC remains linked to high morbidity and mortality despite advancements in surgical and therapeutic approaches. A mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein, Podoplanin (PDPN), is well known as a lymphatic endothelial marker and plays roles in metastasis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), and tumor progression and growth. The goal of the current study was to determine whether podoplanin's immunohistochemistry expression in OSCC and its association with other clinicopathological parameters could serve as a biomarker for the course and outcome of the disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This observational study was conducted over one year in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow. A total of 110 histopathologically confirmed, treatment-naïve cases of OSCC were included. Detailed clinical and demographic data were collected. Tumour specimens were processed and evaluated as per the College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines. Immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-podoplanin (D2-40 clone) monoclonal antibody. The expression of podoplanin was assessed semi-quantitatively using the German Immunoreactive Score (IRS), which combines staining intensity and percentage of positive tumour cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The age of patients ranged from 23 to 75 years, with a mean of 45.3 years; the predominant age group was 31-40 years (35.5%). Males constituted 83.6% of the study population, and 89.1% had a history of tobacco, smoking, or alcohol use. The most commonly affected sites were the buccal mucosa (33.6%) and anterior tongue (30.9%). Most tumours were larger than 2.5 cm (58.2%) and exhibited a depth of invasion exceeding 10 mm (54.5%). Advanced pathological stage (Stage III-IV) was observed in 79.1% of cases, and 64.5% had nodal metastasis. Welldifferentiated tumours were most common (48.2%). Podoplanin expression ranged from weak (IRS 0-6) in 35.5% to strong (IRS &gt;6) in 64.5%. Strong podoplanin expression correlated positively with larger tumour size, moderate to well-differentiated tumours, and nodal metastasis (N1-N3), although no significant association was found with early vs. late pathological stage. Interestingly, T4-stage and poorly differentiated tumours showed a tendency toward weak expression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study confirms that strong podoplanin expression correlates with parameters indicative of tumour aggressiveness, including size, differentiation, and nodal involvement. These findings align with several prior studies, though the lack of significant association with pathological stage or overall survival underscores ","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mRNA Vaccines: Development, Mechanisms and Advances in Delivery Systems.","authors":"Faranak Roudbari, Esmaeil Babaei, Rajinder Kaur, Raheleh Karimzadeh, Hewa Jalal Azeez","doi":"10.2174/0122115366415124260226141744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366415124260226141744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For more than over two decades, mRNA vaccines have been successfully administered and continues to be a promising platform for preventive and therapeutic uses. A key advantage of mRNA-based therapies over DNA-based approaches is that the mRNA molecule only needs to reach the cytoplasm for translation, bypassing the need for nuclear entry. Unlike pre-designed peptide vaccines, which may be restricted to specific MHC haplotypes, mRNA vaccines encode full-length antigens, allowing the host's cells to process and present a diverse array of epitopes suitable for a wide range of MHC haplotypes within a population. The binding of mRNA molecules to pattern recognition receptors enables them to be designed as self- adjuvants, a feature absent in peptide and protein-based vaccines. Since mRNA can encode and produce any protein, it enables the development of preventive and curative vaccinations to combat a range of illnesses, such as infections and cancer, as well as protein replacement therapies. The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic underscored the critical need for rapid vaccine platforms, a challenge effectively met by mRNA technology. Companies and research centers have created a variety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. These include older types of vaccines, such as those using viruses and proteins, as well as more advanced vaccines that utilize DNA and mRNA technology. This review outlines the recent advancements and advantages of mRNA vaccine technology, including how to design, synthesize, and deliver them to the target cells, as well as the immune system's response to these vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating miRNA Response to Kinesiological Intervention in Runners with Musculoskeletal Pain: A Pilot Study Integrating Expression and Network Analysis.","authors":"Maria Rosaria Tumolo, Egeria Scoditti, Antonella Bodini, Pierpaolo Mincarone, Carlo Giacomo Leo, Francesco Bagordo, Luca Bertone, Elisabetta De Matteis, Tiziana Grassi, Saverio Sabina","doi":"10.2174/0122115366430689251205145757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366430689251205145757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent among runners and often im-pairs performance and quality of life. Exercise-based interventions, such as kinesiology-guided programs, are increasingly used to promote recovery and prevent recurrence; however, individual responses vary widely. Circulating miRNA may serve as molecular biomarkers to elucidate un-derlying mechanisms and predict therapeutic outcomes. This study aimed to assess changes in circulating miRNAs in runners following a kinesiology-based intervention and to explore their potential involvement in pain-related biological processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventeen long-distance runners with musculoskeletal pain underwent a six-week ki-nesiology-based intervention. Pain intensity and physical activity were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Plasma levels of four inflammation- and muscle-related miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-133b, hsa-miR-146a-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p) were quantified using qRT-PCR. Bioin-formatic analyses were conducted to explore molecular networks involving the most responsive miRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the four analyzed miRNAs, three showed a downregulation after the interven-tion, with a statistically significant reduction in hsa-let-7a-5p (p = 0.035) and a near-significant decrease in hsa-miR-133b (p = 0.068). No significant associations were found between miRNA changes and pain remission in regression analysis. However, integrative network and pathway analyses revealed the involvement of hsa-let-7a-5p and hsa-miR-133b in molecular pathways re-lated to inflammation, tissue remodeling, and neuroimmune signaling.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed modulation of hsa-let-7a-5p and hsa-miR-133b suggests that these miRNAs may be sensitive to physiological changes induced by kinesiological intervention, po-tentially reflecting systemic adaptations rather than directly mediating pain remission. The lack of correlation with pain reduction may be due to the small sample size or the multifactorial nature of pain modulation. Nonetheless, the bioinformatic evidence highlights plausible biological mechanisms that merit further investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that hsa-let-7a-5p and hsa-miR-133b may reflect biological adaptations to functional recovery, even if they are not predictive of clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to validate their role in musculoskeletal rehabilitation and to assess their po-tential utility in guiding personalized exercise-based strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of miR-214, miR-204, miR-25, miR-15a Expression with IL-33 and Malondialdehyde in Blood Samples from Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Haydar Sahib Almawashee, Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori, Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi, Reza Safaralizadeh","doi":"10.2174/0122115366411857251025004952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366411857251025004952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease that affects older people. Deregulations of miRNAs play essential roles in AD pathogenesis; as a re-sult, they might be potential biomarkers for AD development, diagnosis, and treatment. This case-control study aimed to assess the expression of miR-214, miR-204, miR-15a, miR-25, and inves-tigate their correlations with the expression of IL-33, plasma level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of the AD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were obtained from 125 participants, including 75 AD patients and 50 healthy controls. Plasma MDA level was assessed using the ZellBio ELISA kit. Total RNA was extracted from blood lymphocytes using RiboExTM (GeneAll), and expression levels of miRNAs and IL-33 were evaluated by qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that miR-15a and miR-25, and IL-33 were downregulated in the pa-tients' group, but miR-214 and miR-204 were upregulated. Besides, the plasma level of MDA was significantly higher in the AD patients. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between miR-15a and IL-33 expression. The MDA level showed a negative correlation with MMSE and a positive correlation with IL-33. Correlations between the miRNAs and MDA or MMSE scores were all non-significant. However, ROC curve analysis revealed that expres-sions of the studied miRNAs, IL-33, and the plasma level of MDA effectively differentiate AD patients from healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Results showed that expression levels of miR-214, miR-204, miR-25, miR-15a, and IL-33 and MDA plasma levels are deregulated in AD patients, highlighting their potential relation with AD pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Expression levels of the studied miRNAs and IL33, and plasma level of MDA might be considered as potential biomarkers for AD development and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microrna Expression in <i>Aurelia aurita</i> Metamorphosis.","authors":"Alberto Izzotti, Clelia Norese, Nicola Pussini, Elena Izzotti, Silvia Lavorano, Marco Giovine, Giorgio Bavestrello, Marina Pozzolini","doi":"10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366376242250622154915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In animal taxa and jellyfish, the same genome encodes for the dif-ferent phenotypes that characterize life stages that follow each other during ontogeny. This situation underscores the existence of profound regulation of genomic information at the epigenetic level. MicroRNAs are fundamental epigenetic regulators. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of microRNA regulation during jellyfish metamorphosis and to explore the existence of evolutionarily conserved microRNAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Specimens belonging to the 4-metamorphosis stages of A. aurita (polyps, ephyra, young, and adult jellyfish) were bred and collected. The expression of 2,549 miRNAs for each stage was tested using microarray technology. The comparison of microRNA expres-sion for each phase was performed using line plot analysis and Principal Component Anal-ysis of variance (PCA), while the identification of microRNA clusters was performed via volcano plot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A remarkable number of A. aurita miRNAs specifically hybridize with a human miRNA library. Each metamorphosis stage is characterized by a different level of expression of miRNAs: 1) Polyp vs. Ephyra stage: 128 upregulated, 2 downregulated; 2) Ephyra vs. Young stage: 2 upregulated, 135 downregulated; 3) Young vs. Adult stage: 69 upregulated, 6 downregulated. Specific functions inferred from known activities of corresponding miR-NAs in higher animals (PubMed database) appear to be coherent with the correlated exper-imental model.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Present results reveal that microRNAs with human homologs undergo specific expression changes throughout Aurelia aurita metamorphosis. This observation reinforces the hypothesis of a shared evolutionary origin of certain miRNA families between Cnidaria and Bilateria. The dynamic and stage-specific regulation pattern observed suggests that miR-NAs play a key role in orchestrating the complex transitions involved in jellyfish develop-ment. These findings point to a broader conservation of epigenetic mechanisms, such as miRNA-mediated gene silencing, which may have emerged early in metazoan evolution and contributed to the regulation of cell differentiation and phenotype modulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlights the importance of Aurelia aurita as a model for investigating miRNA-driven epigenetic regulation in non-bilaterian animals. The identifica-tion of human-homologous miRNAs provides novel insights into the evolutionary stability of the epigenetic machinery and suggests conserved regulatory functions across distant taxa. Although limited by the use of a human-based microarray platform, the data presented here lay a solid foundation for future studies employing sequencing and functional assays to fur-ther explore the role of miRNAs in cnidarian development and evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Exosomes: Transforming Wound Healing and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Shahjad, Nishat Fatma, Zeeshan Ali, Arun Kumar, Mohd Moonis, Phool Chandra","doi":"10.2174/0122115366384426250915095432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366384426250915095432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Difficulties in wound healing pose a considerable clinical problem and are a significant source of morbidity in the general population. Systemic disorders such as diabetes and venous insufficiency often result in chronic wounds and an impaired healing process. The healthcare cost of treating chronic wounds in the U.S. already exceeds 20 billion dollars per year and is expected to rise with an aging population and increasing incidence of diabetes. Recently, research and review articles have been used to understand the normal healing process and identify the reasons why certain wounds fail to heal, which should enable the development of more effective thera-peutic interventions. Animal models have provided valuable information; however, the healing process differs between humans and animals, and data obtained from in vitro studies can be chal-lenging to extrapolate to a clinical context. In conclusion, this study aims to summarize the current understanding of inflammation, epithelialization, and tissue repair processes, mainly through the use of data from in vitro and in vivo studies. Inflammation, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue development, and collagen remodeling are the fundamental steps in the healing process. As a result, any deviation from the normal sequence and time course of events may result in abnormal healing. Wound healing occurs to repair damaged, devitalized, or missing cells and tissues. In human beings, the result is the reestablishment of structural and functional integrity. This is a vital process that all living organisms undergo at some stage in their lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle Carriers: A New Era of Precise CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing.","authors":"Bhawna Sharma, Iti Chauhan, Gaurav Kumar, Khushboo Bhardwaj, Raj Kumar Tiwari","doi":"10.2174/0122115366319848241022092805","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122115366319848241022092805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology holds immense potential for treating genetic diseases and tackling conditions like cancer. However, efficient delivery remains a significant challenge. This is where nanoparticles come into play, emerging as powerful allies in the realm of drug delivery. Nanoparticles can accommodate larger insertion sizes, enabling the incorporation of larger Cas9 enzymes and complex guide RNAs, thus opening up the possibility of editing previously inaccessible genetic regions. Their relatively straightforward and scalable production processes make them cost-effective options for wider applications. Notably, nanoparticles excel in vivo, demonstrating efficient tissue penetration and targeted delivery, which are crucial for maximizing therapeutic impact while minimizing side effects. This review aims to explore the potential of nanoparticle-based delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9, highlighting their advantages and challenges in gene editing applications. The diverse range of nanoparticles further bolsters their potential. Polymeric nanoparticles, for instance, offer tunable properties for customization and controlled release of the CRISPR cargo. Lipid-based nanoparticles facilitate efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape, ensuring the CRISPR components reach the target DNA. Even gold nanoparticles, known for their unique biocompatibility and photothermal properties, hold promise in light-activated editing strategies. Non-viral delivery systems, particularly those based on nanoparticles, stand out due to their inherent advantages. Collectively, the evidence paints a promising picture: nanoparticles are not merely passive carriers but active participants in the CRISPR/Cas9 delivery landscape. Their versatility, efficiency, and safety position them as key enablers of a future where gene editing can revolutionize drug development, offering personalized and targeted therapies for a wide range of diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":"101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equine MicroRNAs: Performance, Reproduction, and Disease.","authors":"Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff","doi":"10.2174/0122115366369721250606113102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115366369721250606113102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. They are essential in numerous biological processes like growth, metabolism, and muscle development. miRNA research has become crucial in livestock breeding, offering solutions for improving animal health and productivity. This review focuses on miRNAs' roles in equine performance, reproduction, and disease, highlighting key findings and future applications in these areas. It discusses the use of circulating miRNAs (ci-miRNA) as biomarkers for athletic performance, particularly in endurance sports, by monitoring responses to exercise-induced stress and recovery. It also examines miRNAs involved in reproductive health, such as those influencing endometritis, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. In terms of disease, miRNAs are highlighted as potential biomarkers for osteoarthritis and sarcoids, offering insights into early diagnosis and treatment. Overall, the review emphasizes the promise of miR-NAs in improving equine care through personalized diagnostics and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}