MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)最新文献

{"title":"High Expression of miR-483-5p Predicts Chemotherapy Resistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Yanisa Rattanapan,&nbsp;Veerawat Korkiatsakul,&nbsp;Adcharee Kongruang,&nbsp;Teerapong Siriboonpiputtana,&nbsp;Budsaba Rerkamnuaychoke,&nbsp;Takol Chareonsirisuthigul","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210412155206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210412155206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer is the most deadly cancer that requires novel diagnostics and therapeutics. MicroRNAs are viewed as essential gene regulatory elements involved in different pathobiological mechanisms of many cancers, including ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the relationship between microRNA (miRNA) expression and response to platinum-based chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide miRNA expression analysis was conducted using Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) tissues from 25 patients with 17 malignant tumors and eight benign ovarian tumors. Candidate miRNAs that respond to platinum-based chemotherapy were selected for validation by quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2,578 mature human miRNAs, high expression of miR-483-5p correlated with poor responses to platinum-based chemotherapy in EOC patients. Furthermore, high levels of miR-483-5p in the resistant group suppressed expression of the apoptotic regulator TAOK-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A possible marker for the prediction of chemotherapy response and resistance in patients may be miR-483-5p. Choosing the right treatment for each patient with EOC can avoid the risk of developing chemotherapy resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 1","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25582859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA Levels in Cervical Cancer Samples and Relationship with Lesion Grade and HPV Infection.","authors":"Carolina R Hoelzle,&nbsp;Solène Arnoult,&nbsp;Cinthya R M Borém,&nbsp;Mariana Ottone,&nbsp;Kênia C S F de Magalhães,&nbsp;Istéfani L da Silva,&nbsp;Renata T Simões","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210604123534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210604123534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>miR-21, miR-214 and miR-let-7a are three validated and well-known miRNAs. miR-21 is described as an \"oncomir\" while miR-214 and miR-let-7a are described mainly as tumor suppressors. The role of these miRNAs remains unclear in cervical cancer, an important malignancy among women worldwide and responsible for many deaths every year.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to describe the expression profile of miR-21, miR-214 and miR-let-7a in plasma and in cervical scraping from a control group and patients with different grades of cervical lesions and invasive cervical cancer and correlate with HPV infection groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma and cervical scraping were submitted to DNA and RNA extraction. HPV detection and typing were performed by conventional PCR followed by PAGE to amplicons interpretation. The miRNA relative expression in plasma and cervical scraping samples was performed by real time PCR using specific TaqMan probes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>miR-21 (p=0.0277) and miR-214 (p=0.0151) were up-regulated in cervical scraping samples of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) group. However, miR-214 was also up-regulated in the LSIL group (p=0.0062). Both miRNAs were not related to HPV infection. However, miR-let-7a was higher in HPV positive plasma samples (p=0.0433) than in HPV negative plasma samples and the correlation analysis confirmed the association between the levels of this miRNA with the presence of HPV (p=0.0407; r=0.3029), but not with lesion grade (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that miR-21 is related to cervical cancer progression and miR-214 appears to have an ambiguous role in cervical lesions. miR-let-7a may be upregulated at a systemic level in patients with HPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39077342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Plasma Levels of hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, and hsamiR- 320c in Patients with Asthma, COPD and Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS).","authors":"Rakhmetkazhy Bersimbaev,&nbsp;Akmaral Aripova,&nbsp;Olga Bulgakova,&nbsp;Аssya Kussainova,&nbsp;Almira Akparova,&nbsp;Alberto Izzotti","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210609142859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210609142859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchial Asthma (BA) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are chronic airway inflammation diseases. In recent years, patients with signs of both BA and COPD have been assigned to a separate group as Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS). Free-circulating plasma microRNAs are considered as potential biomarkers of pulmonology diseases, including BA, COPD, and ACOS.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the expression level of free-circulating plasma microRNAs, hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, and hsa-miR-320c in patients with BA, COPD and ACOS for the detection and validation of new microRNAs as biomarkers for chronic lung diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The relative expression levels of 720 microRNAs were evaluated by Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in patients with COPD and BA. Three upregulated microRNAs (hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-125b-5p and hsa-miR-320c) were selected for further study. The obtained data were analyzed using the microRNA PCR Array Data Analysis tool. The sensitivity and specificity were estimated using the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (ROC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression level of free-circulating hsa-miR-19b-3p was decreased in the blood plasma of patients with BA and ACOS, and increased in patients with COPD. hsa-miR-125b-5p was downregulated in the blood plasma of patients with COPD and upregulated in patients with BA and ACOS. hsa-miR-320c was downregulated in the blood plasma of patients with BA, and upregulated in patients with COPD and ACOS. The ROC curves of patients with BA for hsa-miR-19b-3p, patients with ACOS for hsa-miR-125b-5p, and patients with COPD for hsa-miR-320c revealed the probability of them as valuable biomarkers with AUCs of 0.824, 0.825, and 0.855, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed three promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of COPD, BA and ACOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39252910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Polymorphism of miR-218-2 (rs11134527) in Cervical Cancer: A Case-Control Study on the Bangladeshi Women.","authors":"Farhana Nazneen,&nbsp;Md Shalahuddin Millat,&nbsp;Md Abdul Barek,&nbsp;Md Abdul Aziz,&nbsp;Md Sarowar Uddin,&nbsp;Sarah Jafrin,&nbsp;Tutun Das Aka,&nbsp;Md Safiqul Islam","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210715102554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210715102554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of Cervical Cancer (CC) is disproportionately higher in developing countries. It is the second most frequent cancer type among Bangladeshi women and the major cause of morbidity and mortality. However, no previous data reported the association of miR-218-2 gene polymorphisms in Bangladeshi cervical cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This case-control study was designed to find the link between the rs11134527 polymorphism in miR-218-2 and CC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 488 subjects were recruited, comprising 256 cervical cancer patients and 232 healthy females. Genotyping was conducted with the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technique to detect the association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of genotype data showed that rs11134527 was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both CC cases and controls (P >0.05). Overall, the polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer with AG genotype (AG vs. GG: OR = 2.26, 95% Cl = 1.40-3.66, P = 0.0008), AA genotype (AA vs. GG: OR = 3.64, 95% Cl = 2.17-6.10, P <0.0001), dominant model (AG+AA vs. GG: OR = 2.75, 95% Cl = 1.75-4.31, P <0.0001), recessive model (AA vs. GG+AG: OR = 2.08, 95% Cl = 1.41-3.08, P = 0.0002), and A allele (A vs. G: OR = 1.94, 95% Cl = 1.51-2.51, P <0.0001). All of these correlations remained statistically significant after performing Bonferroni correction (P <0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that the rs11134527 polymorphism in the miR-218-2 gene contributes to the susceptibility of CC in Bangladeshi women.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 3","pages":"219-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39790855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of MicroRNA 21 in Endometrial Cancer and Benign Lesions and its Differential Expression with Clinicopathological Parameters.","authors":"Amal Bouziyane,&nbsp;Maryame Lamsisi,&nbsp;Hicham Benaguida,&nbsp;Mustapha Benhessou,&nbsp;Mohamed El Kerroumi,&nbsp;Moulay Mustapha Ennaji","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210604122816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210604122816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Although this cancer is often diagnosed at early stages, the need for biomarkers of diagnosis remains a necessity to overcome conventional invasive procedures of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In our study, we aim to investigate the diagnostic value of microRNA-21 in endometrial cancer and its relation to clinicopathological features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used RT-qPCR to measure the expression of microRNA-21 in 71 tumor tissues, 53 adjacent tissues, and 54 benign lesions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that microRNA-21 is a potential biomarker for endometrial cancer with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.925 (95% CI = 0.863 - 0.964, P<0.0001). The sensitivity was 84.51% (95% CI = 74.0 - 92.0) and specificity was 86.79% (95% CI = 74.7 - 94.5). For discrimination between benign lesions and controls the AUC was 0,881 with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI = 93.4 - 100.0) and specificity of 66.04% (95% CI = 51.7 - 78.5), and for discriminating benign lesions from tumors the AUC was 0,750 with a sensitivity of 54.93% (95% CI = 42.7 - 66.8) and specificity of 90.74% (95% CI = 79.7 - 96.9). We also found that tumors with elevated microRNA-21 expression are of advanced FIGO stage, high histological grades, and have cervical invasion, myometrial invasion and distant metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the important role of miR-21 as a biomarker to diagnose endometrial cancer. Further studies on minimally invasive/noninvasive samples such as serum, blood, and urine are necessary to provide a better alternative to current diagnosis methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39077340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA (miRNA) Differential Expression and Exposure to Crude-Oil- Related Compounds.","authors":"Gabriela Coronel Vargas","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210604122131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210604122131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review summarizes studies on miRNA differential regulation related to exposure to crude oil and 20 different crude oil chemicals, such as hydrocarbons, sulphur, nitrogen, and metalcontaining compounds. It may be interesting to explore the possibility of using early post-transcriptional regulators as a potential novel exposure biomarker. Crude oil has been defined as a highly complex mixture of solids, liquids, and gases. Given the toxicological properties of the petroleum components, its extraction and elaboration processes represent high-risk activities for the environment and human health, especially when accidental spills occur. The effects on human health of short-term exposure to petroleum are well known, but chronic exposure effects may variate depending on the exposure type (i.e., work, clean-up activities, or nearby residence). As only two studies are focused on miRNA differential expression after crude-oil exposure, this review will also analyse the bibliography concerning different crude-oil or Petroleum-Related Compounds (PRC) exposure in Animalia L. kingdom and how it is related to differential miRNA transcript levels. Papers include in vitro, animal, and human studies across the world. A list of 10 miRNAs (miR-142-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-451a, miR-16-5p, miR-28-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-320b, miR-27a-3p and miR-346) was created based on bibliography analysis and hypothesised as a possible \"footprint\" for crude-oil exposure. miRNA differential regulation can be considered a Big-Data related challenge, so different statistical programs and bioinformatics tools were used to have a better understanding of the biological significate of the most interesting data.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/71/MIRNA-10-97.PMC9178514.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39077341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA in Implant Dentistry: From Basic Science to Clinical Application.","authors":"Maria Menini,&nbsp;Elena Dellepiane,&nbsp;Francesco Pera,&nbsp;Alberto Izzotti,&nbsp;Domenico Baldi,&nbsp;Francesca Delucchi,&nbsp;Francesco Bagnasco,&nbsp;Paolo Pesce","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210506123240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210506123240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specific microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been reported to be predictive of specific clinical outcomes of dental implants and might be used as biomarkers in implant dentistry with diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The aim of the present narrative review was to summarize current knowledge regarding the use of miRNAs in implant dentistry. The authors attempted to identify all available evidence on the topic and critically appraise it in order to lay the foundation for the development of further research oriented towards the clinical application of miRNAs in implant dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 1","pages":"14-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38967468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiRNA-103b Downregulates ITGB3 and Mediates Apoptosis in Ex Vivo Stored Human Platelets.","authors":"Neetu Dahiya,&nbsp;Chintamani Atreya","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210604121854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210604121854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood bank-stored human platelets are one of the life-saving transfusion products to prevent bleeding in multiple clinical settings. In ex vivo storage, platelets undergo apoptosis and it is highly desirable to prevent this process to preserve platelet quality. However, underlying mechanisms of apoptosis are not well understood in stored platelets. Integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) glycoprotein plays multiple roles in platelet physiological processes, and it was reported in other cell types that downregulation of ITGB3 induces apoptosis. Small noncoding regulatory RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs), some of which are abundant in platelets such as miR-103b that belong to miR-103 family of miRNAs, known to play key roles in platelet functions both in vivo and during storage; Cellular miR-103 downregulates certain genes in other cell types and promotes apoptosis. However, whether miR-103b can target and downregulate ITGB3 in stored platelets and such miRNA regulation promotes apoptosis is not known. Here, we tested this working hypothesis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective of this study is to validate the abundance of miR-103b in stored platelets and identify whether ITGB3 is a target of miR-103b for the downregulation and this interaction promotes apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RT-qPCR validation of miR-103b was performed in 11 donor samples at 3 different storage time points. In-silico analysis was performed to identify predicted targets of the miR-103b. The miRNA and messenger RNA interactions were confirmed using different biochemical approaches such as qRT-PCR, western blotting and, suppression of luciferase reporter gene expression by ectopic expression of miR-103b in HeLa cells. Final validation of the functional role of miR-103b in ITGB3 downregulation and resulting induction of apoptosis was assessed in stored platelets by FACS analysis following ectopic expression of miR-103b.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the Target Scan Vert algorithm, we identified several integrin subunit-encoding mRNAs as potential targets of miR-103b. While ITGB3 and ITGB6 were found to have two targeting sites for miR-103b, since ITGB3 is known to play a role in apoptosis, we chose this for further validation in this study. Ectopic expression of miR-103b decreased the luciferase reporter activity in HeLa cells and decreased ITGB3 mRNA and protein levels in platelets, concomitant with an increase in apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrate that in stored platelets, miR-103b is highly expressed and can interact with and downregulate ITGB3 and promote apoptosis in stored platelets.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39077343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-Induced MicroRNA Regulation in the Mice Nervous System is Maintained After Activity Cessation.","authors":"Andrea Carvalho,&nbsp;Sonia Zanon,&nbsp;Guilherme Lucas","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210426101437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210426101437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical exercise can improve synaptic function and protect the nervous system against many diseases by altering gene regulation. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as vital regulators of gene expression and protein synthesis not only in the muscular system, but also in the brain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Here we investigated whether exercise-induced miRs expression in the nervous and muscular systems is activity-dependent or it remains regulated even after exercise cessation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression profile of miR-1, -16, and -206 was monitored by RT-PCR in the dorsal root ganglion, in the spinal cord dorsal and ventral horn, and in the soleus muscle of mice after 5 weeks of swimming training and after swimming exercise followed by 4 weeks of sedentary conditions. Control animals consisted of mice that swan daily for 30s during the 5-weeks training period, returning to the non-swimming activity for additional 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After exercise, miR-1 was upregulated in all tissues investigated. However, the upregulation of miR-1 continued significantly high in both aspects of the spinal cord and in the soleus muscle. The expression profiles of miR-16, and -206 were increased only in the nervous system. However, miR-16 upregulation persisted in the DRG and in the spinal cord after exercise interruption, whereas miR-206 continued upregulated only in the spinal cord ventral horn.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise training can cause long-lasting changes in the expression of miRs independently of exercise maintenance. Spatial and temporal expression of miRs is to some extent dependent on this activity. The data raised a new conceptual hypothesis on the biogenesis of miRs, indicating that long-lasting and systematic exercise can potentially cause irreversible miR regulation after activity cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 2","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38831629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral-Encoded microRNAs in Host-Pathogen Interactions in Silkworm.","authors":"Chandra Pal Singh","doi":"10.2174/2211536610666210121154314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211536610666210121154314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori, apart from its well-known economic importance, has also emerged as an insect model to study host-pathogen interactions. The major concern for silkworm cultivation and the sericulture industry is the attack by various types of pathogens mainly including viruses, fungi, bacteria and protozoa. Successful infection requires specific arsenals to counter the host immune response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the potential arsenals which are encoded by viruses and effectively used during host-pathogen interactions. MiRNAs are short noncoding 19-25 nucleotides long endogenous RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of protein-coding genes in a sequence-specific manner. Most of the higher eukaryotes encode miRNAs and utilize them in the regulation of important cellular pathways. In silkworm, promising functions of miRNAs have been characterized in development, metamorphosis, immunity, and host-pathogen interactions. The viral miRNA-mediated fine-tuning of the viral, as well as cellular genes, is beneficial for making a cellular environment favorable for the virus proliferation. Baculovirus and cypovirus, which infect silkworm have been shown to encode miRNAs and their functions are implicated in controlling the expression of both viral and host genes. In the present review, the author discusses the diverse functions of viral-encoded miRNAs in evasion of the host immune responses and reshaping of the silkworm cellular environment for replication. Besides, a basic overview of miRNA biogenesis and mechanism of action is also provided. Our increasing understanding of the role of viral miRNAs in silkworm-virus interactions would not only assist us to get insights into the intricate pathways but also provide tools to deal with dreaded pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":38067,"journal":{"name":"MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)","volume":"10 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38842779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}