Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria最新文献

{"title":"Colonic polyp revealing metastatic invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast after a 34-year disease-free interval: A case report","authors":"Javier Albiac-Palomar,&nbsp;José Ignacio Barranco Domínguez,&nbsp;Jorge Chóliz Ezquerro","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is characterized by a distinct metastatic pattern and a greater propensity for dissemination to unusual anatomical sites, including the gastrointestinal tract. These metastases may present with nonspecific findings and can mimic benign conditions, particularly when the primary tumor was diagnosed decades earlier. We report the case of a 76-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer treated 34 years earlier, who presented with altered bowel habits and hematochezia. Colonoscopy revealed two small flat colonic polyps, which were removed endoscopically. Histopathological examination demonstrated infiltration of the lamina propria by carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity for cytokeratins, GATA3, estrogen receptors, mammaglobin and TRPS1, supporting a breast origin. Subsequent breast imaging and biopsy confirmed invasive lobular carcinoma. Staging studies did not reveal further metastatic involvement beyond the colonic metastasis. This case highlights the importance of considering metastatic disease in the differential diagnosis of colonic polyps in patients with a history of invasive lobular carcinoma, even after a prolonged disease-free interval, and underscores the key role of histological evaluation and immunohistochemistry in establishing the correct diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological considerations in interpreting long-term survival after post-neoadjuvant axillary lymph node dissection","authors":"Jagriti Gairola,&nbsp;Parag Jayant Ratnakar,&nbsp;Pankaj Bansal,&nbsp;Mansi Mishra,&nbsp;Dhanya Dedeepya","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100785","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor size in multiple breast cancer: Association with nodal involvement and survival","authors":"Eugenia Morillo,&nbsp;Manuel Sanchez- Prieto,&nbsp;Nacho Rodriguez,&nbsp;Rafael Fabregas,&nbsp;Cristina Castellet,&nbsp;Francesc Tresserra","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Breast cancer has traditionally been classified according to the TNM system based on morphological criteria such as tumor size, nodal involvement, and distant metastasis, later complemented by immunohistochemical and molecular factors. However, the presence of multiple tumors raises concerns regarding staging, as the TNM classification considers only the size of the largest invasive lesion, potentially underestimating the total tumor burden.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This retrospective, longitudinal, and observational study analyzed 649 women diagnosed between 1990 and 2023 at a single center, of whom 286 had multiple tumors and 363 had single tumors. Clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical, treatment, and outcome variables were collected and compared between groups. The analysis included Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression models for overall and disease-free survival, as well as correlation between imaging techniques (mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging) and pathological tumor size.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of multiple tumors was 5.4%. Patients with multiple lesions were younger and more frequently presented with lobular carcinoma, bilaterality, and significant nodal involvement. They more often underwent mastectomy, lymphadenectomy, and chemotherapy, whereas radiotherapy was used less frequently. Ultrasound was the most reliable technique for estimating tumor size. Despite these differences, no statistically significant variations were observed in overall or disease-free survival between groups. Furthermore, the model based on the size of the largest focus showed a better fit than the model considering the sum of all foci.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multiple tumors exhibit distinct clinical and therapeutic characteristics; however, their prognosis is comparable to that of single tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast self-examination and its determinants among female students at higher learning institutions in Dodoma, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Angelina A. Joho,&nbsp;James J. Yahaya","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, and breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple and cost-effective examination for early detection and diagnosis of BC. This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude, practice, and perception of susceptibility to risk of BC BSE among female students in higher learning institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was an analytical cross-sectional study that included 309 female students from various higher learning institutions in Dodoma city, Tanzania. An interviewer-administered and semi-structured questionnaire was used for the collection of the required data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice toward BSE among study participants. Statistical significance was considered at p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority, 67.6% (209/309) of the students, were aged between 18 and 23 years with a mean age of 23.1 ± 3.3 years. Of all the study participants, 22.5% (41/182), 52.8% (163/309), and 42.4% (131/309) had good practice, adequate knowledge, and positive attitude on BSE, respectively. High-family income (aOR = 2.02, 95% = 1.28–7.63, p = 0.013), history of BC in the family (aOR = 3.92, 95% CI = 3.89–11.76, p = 0.017), previous training on BSE (aOR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.16–9.65, p = 0.038), positive attitude toward BSE (aOR = 3.87, 95% CI = 3.27–5.88, p = 0.001), and having adequate knowledge of BSE (aOR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.12–2.72, p = 0.043) were the predictors of BSE practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The level of BSE practice among participants in this study was quite. Inadequate knowledge, not having a positive attitude, and not being aware of BSE among participants contributed to the low level of BSE practice. Intensive breast health awareness campaigns are needed to raise awareness and increase the level of knowledge toward BSE practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) to promote minimally invasive surgery in breast cancer: A review","authors":"Silvia Porzani,&nbsp;Privato Fenaroli,&nbsp;Emanuela Pia Mauri,&nbsp;Antonio Paludetti,&nbsp;Alessandro Aluffi,&nbsp;Fabrizio Palamara,&nbsp;Caterina Valerii,&nbsp;Silvia Pasulo,&nbsp;Giulia Alessandra Cannavale,&nbsp;Giulia Vitali,&nbsp;Valentina Fischetti,&nbsp;Arianna Balconi,&nbsp;Enza Palma","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Minimizing the risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) through specific strategies has been crucial to the development of new integrative surgical approaches, such as the axillary reverse mapping (ARM) technique. By mapping and preserving the arm lymphatic drainage, its application was expected to minimize the risk of BCRL. There are still many controversies regarding its systemic use, oncological safety and the tracer to be used.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The aim of this systematic review was to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the ARM technique and to investigate whether there is a significant reduction in the incidence of BCRL. Articles were searched using PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. Key words included “axillary reverse mapping”, “breast cancer”, “lymphedema”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six studies with 1826 patients were included in our analysis: 867 patients in the study arm received ARM + axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and 959 patients in the control arm received ALND alone. The incidence in the study arm was 8.2% (67/822) compared to 23.1% (214/928) in the control arm among patients who completed follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The use of the ARM technique appears to reduce the incidence of BCRL. However, its surgical indications, its oncological safety in terms of preserving the identified lymph nodes, the standardization of the method and its learning curve remain to be clarified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global survival rate of breast cancer patients: A systematic review","authors":"Hamidreza Zivarifar,&nbsp;Forough Ahrari,&nbsp;Marzieh Mirzaei,&nbsp;Fereshteh Osmani","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with survival rates varying considerably across different regions and populations. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive descriptive synthesis of breast cancer survival rates globally, focusing on 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was performed across international databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering studies published from 2005 to January 2023. Observational cohort studies reporting survival rates in women with primary invasive breast cancer were included. Two independent reviewers screened articles, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the STROBE checklist. Descriptive summaries (means, medians, ranges) were calculated for survival rates across studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 74 studies comprising 159,965 breast cancer patients were included. The mean 5-year survival rate across 36 studies was 67.4% (range: 34.0–91.0%). The lowest reported 5-year survival was 34.0% (Tunisia), and the highest was 91.0% (Egypt). Higher survival rates were consistently observed in developed countries (mean: 72.5%) compared to developing countries (mean: 58.3%). By age, 5-year survival was 74.0% for women &lt;<!--> <!-->39 years, 76.0% for ages 40–64 years, and 58.0% for ages ≥<!--> <!-->65 years. By disease stage, survival ranged from 90.0% (stage I) to 37.0% (stage IV). Temporal analysis showed improvement in 5-year survival from 63.0% (studies published 2005–2010) to 72.0% (studies published after 2010). Factors associated with better survival included early stage, ER-positive status, younger age (40–64 years), and surgical treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Breast cancer survival rates vary substantially by geographic region, disease stage, age, and tumor characteristics. While survival has improved over time, particularly in high-income regions, persistent disparities remain. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions, including early detection programs, improved access to adjuvant therapies, and standardized data collection for cancer registries, especially in low- and middle-income countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100787"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast remodeling: the cornerstone of training in breast-conserving surgery","authors":"Benigno Acea Nebril","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148499582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulated cell death pathways in breast cancer: crosstalk between apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in tumor progression and therapy","authors":"Fida Noor,&nbsp;Hafeez Noor,&nbsp;Kifayat Noor","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysregulation of regulated cell death (RCD) pathways can promote mammary tumorigenesis, influence therapy response, and determine disease evolution. Here, we investigated the critical cell death molecules and how their regulatory control is lost in breast cancer, with a focus on RCD dysregulation. RCD includes apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. In particular, the caspase-3/GSDME axis connects apoptotic execution with inflammatory pyroptosis. However, in breast cancer, this process is subverted by TP53 mutations, BCL-2 amplification, and caspase-3 deficiency. If apoptosis fails, necroptosis, a caspase-independent, RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL-driven cascade, serves as a backup pathway, releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and augmenting anti-tumor immunity. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory RCD mediated by gasdermin family proteins (e.g., GSDME) and classically activated by inflammasome-dependent caspases (caspase-1/4/5 in humans), remarkably, the caspase-3/GSDME signaling pathway in GSDME-high tumors converts apoptotic signals into lytic pyroptosis. The induction of necroptosis and pyroptotic strategies mediated by GSDME may be more susceptible to apoptosis-deficient triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), providing new treatment opportunities. Emerging therapeutic strategies such as BH3 mimetics, SMAC mimetics, necroptosis inducers, and GSDME-directed approaches aim to rewire RCD networks and overcome intrinsic and acquired resistance. Understanding the relationship between apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis signaling pathways, albeit distinct, is critical for the development of next-generation precision oncology approaches that maximize immunogenic cell death without inducing therapy-induced, tumor-promoting inflammation. Major knowledge gaps remain, including a shortage of subtype-specific RCD biomarkers and poorly representative in vivo models of pathway crosstalk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100793"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Target axillary dissection in HER2+++ N1 breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy","authors":"Alberto Ríos Agudo,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Fuster Diana,&nbsp;Raquel del Río San Cristóbal,&nbsp;Joaquín Gavilà Gregori,&nbsp;Vincenzo Maisto,&nbsp;Giovanni Vento Maggio,&nbsp;María Caballero Soto,&nbsp;Teresa Pérez Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the rate of axillary pathological complete response and the feasibility of targeted axillary dissection (TAD) in HER2-positive breast cancer patients with axillary involvement treated with neoadjuvant therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-seven patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and confirmed axillary involvement were included. All received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dual anti-HER2 blockade. Subsequently, TAD was performed through localization of the marked lymph node and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The rate of pathological complete response was analysed, along with its relationship to hormone receptor status and Ki-67 levels, as well as the axillary recurrence rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rate of axillary pathological complete response was 66.7%. Axillary lymph node dissection was avoided in 87.66% of cases. The HER2+ HR− subtype showed a complete response rate of 90%, compared to 52.9% in HER2+ HR+. No axillary recurrences were recorded during follow-up (median: 2.1 years). No statistically significant relationship was found with Ki-67 levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TAD is a safe, reproducible, and effective technique that allows axillary lymph node dissection to be avoided in a high percentage of HER2-positive patients without compromising local control. The trend towards better outcomes in HER2+ HR− patients should be further investigated in studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated factors with 10 years overall and disease-free survival in patients with lymph node-positive patients with node-positive breast cancer who underwent post-neoadjuvant axillary dissection in a hospital in Medellín. Author's reply","authors":"Eduardo León Llanos,&nbsp;Ana María Naranjo Isaza,&nbsp;Elsa María Vásquez-Trespalacios,&nbsp;Carolina Arboleda-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.senol.2026.100791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38058,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Senologia y Patologia Mamaria","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 100791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}