Addictive Behaviors Reports最新文献

{"title":"The association between fear of missing out and problematic smartphone use: A latent profile analysis of problematic social media use","authors":"Rocco Servidio ,&nbsp;Paolo Soraci ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics ,&nbsp;Zsolt Horváth ,&nbsp;Mark D. Griffiths","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Problematic social media use (PSMU) has emerged as a societal and behavioral concern, especially among young adults. However, individual differences in symptom manifestation remain understudied. The present study adopted a person-centered approach to identify distinct profiles of PSMU and to examine the predictive roles of fear of missing out (FoMO), problematic smartphone use (PSU), age, and sex among a sample of 625 Italian university students aged 18 to 40 years (<em>M</em> = 25.31 years, <em>SD</em> = 5.85) who completed a self-report online survey. Using latent profile analysis (LPA) on a sample of Italian university students who use <em>Instagram</em>, five profiles were identified. Salience, tolerance, mood modification, withdrawal, and conflict symptoms sharply differentiated the high-risk with withdrawal symptom group from the other groups, supporting a cross-sectional pattern consistent with (but not demonstrating) a dimensional progression model. FoMO predicted high-risk with withdrawal symptoms and high-risk without withdrawal symptom membership, suggesting its role as an early vulnerability factor, whereas PSU strongly predicted high-risk with withdrawal symptoms classification. Sex differences also emerged, with females being more likely to belong to higher risk with withdrawal symptoms profiles. Analysis also indicated that younger participants were more at risk of belonging to the high-risk PSMU group. The findings offer nuanced insight into how psychological factors shape social online behavior and suggest tailored intervention strategies for users’ risk levels. However, the findings should be interpreted within the context of the <em>Instagram</em> social platform and the study’s sample-specific characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between substance use treatment and ketamine use: A hypothesis-generating analysis","authors":"Fares Qeadan,&nbsp;Shanti O’Neil","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ketamine is increasingly used in clinical settings for mental health and pain management, yet its misuse poses public health risks. While prior studies have examined ketamine trends, few have explored its use among individuals receiving treatment for substance use disorders (SUD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using 2021–2023 data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), we analyzed the association between past-year ketamine use and receipt of SUD treatment among U.S. residents aged 12 and older. Stratified analyses by substance type and use category (use, misuse, and disorder) were conducted using adjusted logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 173,808 participants who reported substance use, 3.19 % received past-year treatment and 0.26 % reported past-year ketamine use. Ketamine use was more common among those in treatment (1.39 %) than not (0.22 %). Across SUD strata, treatment was associated with higher odds of ketamine use, including alcohol SUD (aOR = 2.73; 95 % CI: 1.58–4.71), marijuana SUD (2.32; 1.34–4.02), inhalant SUD (5.22; 1.96–13.94), methamphetamine SUD (5.10; 2.08–12.48), pain reliever SUD (2.62; 1.16–5.90), and opioid SUD (2.76; 1.23–6.18). Among misuse strata, associations included pain relievers (2.69; 1.40–5.16), opioids (3.13; 1.71–5.74), and psychotherapeutics (2.09; 1.21–3.62). Among use strata, treatment was associated with higher odds for cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, heroin, PCP, DMT/AMT/FOXY, methamphetamine, pain relievers, tranquilizers, and stimulants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Past-year treatment is a marker of elevated ketamine exposure across multiple substance domains. Findings are hypothesis-generating and underscore the need for clinical screening, patient education on unsupervised ketamine risks, and research clarifying timing, intent, and outcomes of ketamine use in SUD populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of television advertising on gambling behaviour: a quasi-experimental study during the 2022 Qatar FIFA World Cup","authors":"Ellen McGrane ,&nbsp;Robert Pryce ,&nbsp;Matt Field ,&nbsp;Luke Wilson ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Goyder","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Gambling is a recognised public health problem, and population-level advertising restrictions may be an effective way to reduce gambling-related harm. This study fills an important evidence gap by employing a quasi-experiment to estimate the impact of television gambling advertising on gambling behaviour during the 2022 Qatar World Cup. It exploits the variation in gambling advertising between two broadcasters to evaluate its impact on gambling behaviour in a real-world setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Poisson and Logistic panel data regression models using the broadcaster in place of gambling advertising are employed with individual fixed effects and match-level controls. Betting data is from a purposive sample of 365 men aged 18 to 45 who bet on football in England.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Frequency of betting on football was 16 % to 24 % higher during games televised on a channel with gambling advertising compared to one without [IRR: 1.16 – 1.24,p &lt; 0.01]. Furthermore, participants were 22 % to 33 % more likely to place a football bet during games that contained television gambling advertising [OR: 1.22 – 1.33, p &lt; 0.01].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using a pseudo-randomised quasi-experiment, this study found that television advertising significantly increased both the likelihood and frequency of betting during live football games in the sample studied. This raises concerns about the adequacy of current advertising restrictions in the UK and suggests that a policy which restricts television gambling advertising around live football might be an effective part of a wider public health strategy to tackle gambling-related harms. Future studies should replicate this design, using larger, more representative samples, to inform policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to tobacco imagery in streaming television is associated with increased intentions to smoke and vape","authors":"Nathan A. Silver ,&nbsp;Brenda Dimaya ,&nbsp;Elexis C. Kierstead ,&nbsp;Madison Iskra ,&nbsp;Maeh Al-Shawaf ,&nbsp;Michael A. Tynan ,&nbsp;Jessica M. Rath","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Streaming platforms have changed the way we watch television. Although previous research has established a causal relationship between tobacco exposure on-screen and tobacco use, it’s unclear whether changes in the media environment brought about by streaming have altered this process. We hypothesize that youth and young adult’s intentions to use cigarettes and e-cigarettes in the future will be positively associated with greater exposure to tobacco imagery in streaming television.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A content analysis identifying the amount of tobacco imagery in 60 popular streaming shows with a new season airing between 2019–2022 and an online survey of 1032 15–24-year-olds were conducted to examine the relationship between exposure to tobacco imagery in streaming television and intentions to use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to those with low exposure to tobacco imagery, moderate and high exposure was associated with 61% and 176% respectively higher odds of increased intentions to use e-cigarettes, and 104% and 168% respectively higher odds of increased intentions to smoke cigarettes. Significant interactions indicate that the relationship between high exposure and intentions to use e-cigarettes and cigarettes was weaker among those who had used a tobacco or nicotine product in the past 30 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The relationship between exposure to tobacco imagery and intentions to use tobacco or nicotine products in the future endures on streaming media. Future research is needed to parse differential influences on initiation versus cessation and better understand what kinds of depictions drive these relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal thoughts, problem gambling severity and utilisation of health care and social services: A population-based study in Finland","authors":"Tiina Latvala ,&nbsp;Maria Heiskanen ,&nbsp;Virve Marionneau ,&nbsp;Kalle Lind ,&nbsp;Tanja Grönroos ,&nbsp;Sari Castrén","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Persons harmed by problem gambling have an increased risk of suicide and suicidal thoughts. Social and health care services have an important role in recognising and supporting persons harmed by gambling problems and suicidal thoughts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyse population-based survey data from the Healthy Finland survey of permanent Finnish residents aged 20 years or older (n = 28,154). We study associations between gambling and suicidal thoughts, and use of health care and social services among individuals engaged in gambling and experienced suicidal thoughts in the past year. The analysis uses χ² tests and logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of persons harmed by problem gambling (PGSI score ≥ 8) 31 % had suicidal thoughts. Among persons harmed by problem gambling and having suicidal thoughts, utilization of health care and social services was more common compared to non-gamblers with suicidal thoughts. Individuals who engaged in gambling and experienced suicidal thoughts in the past year but had not utilized health care services were more often young, male, and excessive alcohol users. On the contrary, those who had used social services, engaged in gambling and had suicidal thoughts were experiencing more often long-term illnesses and severe psychological distress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Suicidal thoughts are prevalent among persons harmed by problem gambling. Social and health service systems need to better recognise the association between gambling and co-occurrent suicidal thoughts. In addition, services need to be developed to offer effective treatment and support with high levels of integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance use treatment and overdose patterns in high and low social vulnerability counties: a trends analysis in New Jersey from 2014–2022","authors":"Sarah E. Cooper ,&nbsp;Lara V. Fougnies ,&nbsp;Alyssa M. Juntilla ,&nbsp;Holly H. Lister ,&nbsp;Katie Hilton ,&nbsp;Jamey J. Lister","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study investigates trends in substance use treatment admissions and overdose patterns across New Jersey counties from 2014 to 2022. Using the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), we examined how county-level vulnerability differentiates treatment utilization and overdose outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>We created a novel, longitudinal data set using data from multiple public sources. Data were obtained and analyzed for all 21 New Jersey counties. Outcome measures included substance use treatment admissions, opioid-specific treatment admissions, overdose deaths, and naloxone administration. Using the SVI, counties were categorized as either high (<em>n</em> = 10) or low (<em>n</em> = 11) social vulnerability. Data analyses were conducted using joinpoint analysis to identify trends over time and variation by social vulnerability status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant trends were identified regardless of social vulnerability status for all outcome measures, appearing as upward trends in initial segments and flat or declining trends in latter segments. High vulnerability (compared to low vulnerability) counties demonstrated greater Annual Percentage Change (APC) magnitudes for all outcome measures in the initial segment, similar APCs in the latter segment, and had higher baseline rates and peak rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings demonstrate that county-level social vulnerability status is associated with substance use treatment admissions and overdose patterns. Specifically, high vulnerability counties exhibit consistently higher rates of substance use treatment admissions, naloxone administrations, and overdose deaths. This pattern highlights a need for expanded substance use services along the continuum of care for vulnerable areas and the viability of SVI status as a useful and simple tool for targeting service expansion efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-liquid flavor alters nicotine exposure, puff topography, and subjective effects under ad libitum use conditions","authors":"Arit M. Harvanko ,&nbsp;Conor A. Ruzycki ,&nbsp;Jacob McDonald ,&nbsp;Eric D. Claus ,&nbsp;Megan Schroeder ,&nbsp;Carolina Ramôa","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2026.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are most often used with e-liquids having fruit, and menthol or mint flavor, with tobacco flavor being least prevalent. This study evaluated the effect of a tobacco, fruit, and menthol e-liquid flavor on ENDS abuse liability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-two regular ENDS users participated in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover-design study. Study conditions were ENDS (KangerTech CUPTI) with tobacco, menthol, or fruit flavor e-liquids with 1.2 % (all flavors) or 0 % (fruit only) freebase nicotine concentration. On separate days participants used the study products for 10 prescribed puffs and 1 h of <em>ad libitum</em> use. Plasma nicotine concentration, puff topography, and subjective effects were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following <em>ad libitum</em> use, tobacco flavor ENDS were associated with significantly lower plasma nicotine levels than other nicotine-containing ENDS. Significantly fewer puffs were taken from the tobacco flavor ENDS than other products, and the 0% nicotine fruit flavor ENDS was associated with greater puff duration and puff volumes than other products. Tobacco flavor was rated significantly lower than other flavors on product liking (e.g., “tastes good” or “pleasant”), while only the 0% nicotine fruit flavor ENDS was associated with significantly greater withdrawal symptoms (e.g., ENDS craving, or urge to use an ENDS) compared to the other flavors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tobacco flavor ENDS were rated lower on liking, and associated with less nicotine exposure and fewer puffs taken, but comparably attenuated withdrawal symptoms to other flavor ENDS, while the non-nicotine fruit flavor did not affect withdrawal symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic social media use among recreational cannabis users in Québec: A Cross-Sectional study","authors":"Roni Deli-Houssein ,&nbsp;Catherine Hudon ,&nbsp;Isabelle Dufour ,&nbsp;Nathalie Carrier ,&nbsp;Natalia Muñoz Gómez ,&nbsp;Amélie Deschamps ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Auger ,&nbsp;Magaly Brodeur","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Over the past decade, Canada has legalized recreational cannabis, and the rising popularity of social media has coincided with the emergence of problematic social media use (PSMU) as a potential behavioural addiction. This study aims to describe social media use and identify factors associated with PSMU among adult recreational cannabis users in Québec, Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study includes 1406 participants who used both social media and cannabis. Data was collected using validated instruments measuring PSMU (BSMAS), online fear of missing out (On-FoMO), risk for problematic cannabis use (CAST), mental health variables (GAD-7, PHQ-8), and sociodemographic characteristics. A regression model was used to identify factors associated with PSMU.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 27.9 % of participants exhibited PSMU. Increased odds of PSMU were associated with a younger age (18–20 years), male sex at birth, and higher CAST, PHQ-8, and On-FoMO scores. Use of Telegram, TikTok, Twitter (X) and Facebook Dating was associated with increased odds of PSMU, whereas use of Snapchat and Threads was associated with reduced odds.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study is among the first to examine PSMU in adult cannabis users. Among them, prevalence of PSMU is higher than estimates for the general population. The odds of PSMU vary by social media platform. These findings suggest a need for targeted public health strategies that address social media and cannabis use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater impulsivity is associated with a reduced propensity to cash out of bets","authors":"Ong George Ngieng ,&nbsp;Lucy Albertella ,&nbsp;Ty Hayes ,&nbsp;Antonio Verdejo-Garcia ,&nbsp;Lukasz Walasek ,&nbsp;Elliot A. Ludvig ,&nbsp;Daniel Bennett","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A common feature of contemporary sports-betting apps is ‘instant cash-out’, which allows users to settle a bet early in exchange for a discounted immediate payout. Despite high prevalence and links with gambling-related harm, relatively little is known about how personality traits associated with gambling, such as impulsivity, predict instant cash-out usage. To address this question, we recruited 145 general-population adult participants (69 men, 66 women, 10 non-binary or undisclosed; <em>M_age =</em> 36.3, <em>SD</em> = 10.7; participants resided in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the UK, or the USA) to complete five self-report questionnaires related to impulsivity, as well as the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), and a validated cognitive task measuring individual differences in cash-out frequency. We then assessed how cash-out frequency in the behavioral task was associated with both self-reported impulsivity and PGSI. We found that cash-out frequency was negatively correlated both with PGSI scores and with a number of impulsivity-related traits including Dysfunctional Impulsivity, Lack of Premeditation, Positive Urgency, Sensation Seeking, and Fun Seeking. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that higher scores on a latent ‘Dysfunctional Impulsivity’ factor were negatively associated with cash-out frequency overall, whereas higher scores on an ‘Inhibition and Inflexibility’ factor predicted higher cash-out frequency specifically for bets with a low win probability. Taken together, results suggest that instant cash-out may primarily appeal to less impulsive people and those with lower PGSI scores. This raises the possibility that instant cash-out may specifically facilitate increased gambling behaviors among people with less prior experience of gambling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orienting bias towards electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) cues","authors":"Sojung Youn,&nbsp;Brian A. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Abnormal attentional biases for tobacco cues have been observed in the dot-probe task. With a recent increase in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use, researchers have investigated the effect of ENDS use on early and later stages of attentional bias. Studies have provided support for later-stage attentional biases among ENDS users but not an orienting bias, which may be difficult to detect with smaller sample sizes, and due to low reliability. The present study tested orienting bias among young adult ENDS users and nonusers to ENDS-related images using a modified dot-probe task.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 224 participants were assigned to an ENDS user group (<em>n</em> = 110) or a control group (<em>n</em> = 114) following their history of ENDS use. A modified version of the dot-probe task was used where a rotated target letter (“T”) appeared shortly after image (ENDS-related and neutral) offset, requiring a directional response.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ENDS group exhibited a significantly larger ENDS-related orienting bias compared to the control group in response time and accuracy. A habituation effect was also observed, with the ENDS-related attentional bias being restricted for the first epoch of trials. Consistent with previous studies, the ENDS-related attentional bias exhibited low internal reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A significant but short-lived orienting bias towards ENDS-related cues in ENDS users was observed. Similar to other substances of abuse, ENDS use affects early-stage attentional processes. Our findings also suggest ways to more robustly measure such early-stage attentional biases in ENDS users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38040,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Behaviors Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}