Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra最新文献

{"title":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Multiethnic Indigenous Community from Amazonas.","authors":"Camila Carlos Bezerra, Noeli das Neves Toledo, Rebeca Lima Sampaio, Breno José Alencar Pires Barbosa, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki, Juliana Nery Souza-Talarico","doi":"10.1159/000542587","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies about dementia in Indigenous communities are still scarce worldwide, especially in low-middle-income countries, limiting timely intervention in minority groups. Our research aimed to bridge this gap by determining the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and the associated factors, in a multiethnic Indigenous community in Manaus, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study evaluated the cognitive and functional performances of 141 Indigenous individuals (aged 50 and above). A panel of dementia neurologist experts independently analyzed cognitive (Mini-Mental State Exam [MMSE], Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, verbal fluency), functional (Pfeffer questionnaire) performances, and depression symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) to classify participants as cognitively unimpaired, CIND, and dementia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CIND rate was 11.3% and 12.8% for dementia. None of the participants classified as CIND had a prior diagnosis, and only three out of 18 participants with dementia had a diagnosis. Stratified analysis showed that age (<i>p</i> = 0.017) and lower education (<i>p</i> = 0.047) were associated with higher CIND and dementia. However, only age was significantly associated with dementia in the regression models (OR = 1.078; 95% CI: 1.011-1.149). Sex, living in extreme poverty, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, or excessive alcohol use was not linked to CIND or dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Indigenous community of Manaus exhibited higher rates of dementia and CIND than national and global estimates. These findings may set the stage for additional research into the interplay of social, economic, biological, and behavioral factors affecting dementia risk in underrepresented groups such as Indigenous communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"15 1","pages":"8-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Anxiety Concerning Dementia Onset and Subjective Memory Impairment in Frail Older Individuals.","authors":"Yukiko Suzuki, Takayuki Sudo, Hideki Mochizuki, Nobuaki Shimoda","doi":"10.1159/000542445","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to clarify the relationship between anxiety about the possibility of developing dementia (dementia onset anxiety) and subjective memory impairment in frail older individuals who require long-term care and are experiencing declining cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 30 frail older individuals requiring long-term care who completed the Everyday Memory Checklist (EMC), which was simultaneously performed by an occupational therapist (OT). Individuals were divided into two groups: with and without anxiety about dementia onset. We examined the relationship between the presence of anxiety about dementia onset and assessment scores on EMC by the individuals and by the OT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 40% of participants expressed anxiety about developing dementia. No significant differences existed between the two groups in terms of age, sex, number of years of education, number of ongoing medical conditions under treatment, types of oral medications, Mini-Mental State-Japanese scores, and total functional independence measure scores. Self-assessed EMC scores by the individuals showed a significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.012, φ = 0.41), while no significant difference in the OT-assessed EMC scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite similar levels of objective cognitive decline and objective everyday memory impairment, individuals with anxiety about developing dementia have more severe subjective memory impairment than those without such anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Multimodal Exercise Intervention for Patients with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Feasibility and Preliminary Outcomes.","authors":"Miyuki Nemoto, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Hiroyuki Sasai, Shinji Higashi, Miho Ota, Tetsuaki Arai","doi":"10.1159/000542994","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>After Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the second most common form of early-onset dementia. Despite the heavy burden of care for FTLD, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments with sufficient efficacy remain scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a multimodal exercise program for FTLD and to examine preliminary changes in the clinical outcomes of the program in FTLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-arm preliminary study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2018 and recruited 4 male patients with FTLD aged 60-78 years. Patients exercised under the supervision of an exercise instructor once every 2 weeks for 48 weeks. The multimodal exercise program comprised cognitive training, moderate-intensity continuous training, strength training, balance training, and flexibility and relaxation training. Feasibility was measured using dropout and attendance rates. Cognitive, psychological, physical, and behavioral function tests were conducted before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients completed the intervention (100%) and attended well (93.6%). Positive changes in scores in the Stroop Color-Word Test (cognitive; 5 out of 6 items), Mood Check List-short form 2 (psychological), movement subscales of the Stereotypy Rating Inventory (behavioral), and Timed Up and Go (TUG, physical) assessments demonstrated a medium-to-high effect size (open effect size: 0.52-0.97). While there were improvements in some domains, such as recovery self-efficacy and exercise efficacy, the MMSE-J scores showed an overall slight decline, especially in the semantic dementia case where a marked decrease was observed. Additionally, three physical function items showed no effect, except for a positive outcome in the TUG test. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy revealed increased activation in the frontal lobe, indicated by elevated oxygenated hemoglobin levels before and after the exercise intervention. This pattern of activation suggests that the intervention may have stimulated neural activity in the frontal lobe, potentially enhancing cognitive and behavioral functions, including executive function and attention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The long-term multimodal exercise intervention may be feasible and positively change the cognitive, psychological, physical, and behavioral functions in older adults with FTLD. Although the intervention led to improvements in certain areas, there were also declines observed in various functions, which may not necessarily be due to the intervention itself but rather reflect the natural progression of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"15 1","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of an Intradisciplinary Staff Training Intervention on the Optimal Management of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Daphnée Carrier, Élodie Toulouse, Christian M Rochefort","doi":"10.1159/000541517","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) are a group of highly prevalent symptoms in residents with a neurocognitive disorder, including agitation and depressive symptoms. Caregiving staff often mention knowledge and skills deficits regarding optimal BPSD management. While several staff training on BPSDs management exist internationally, their transferability to other clinical contexts is limited, owing to methodological challenges. Therefore, to address this implementation gap, there is a strong need for training based on high-quality research to strengthen existing evidence, and ensure feasibility and reproducibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study, part of a larger research project, occurred in 2022 on long-term care (LTC) centre unit and an alternate level of care (ALC) hospital unit located in the Province of Quebec, Canada. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the needs and perceptions of staff caregivers regarding BPSD management, (2) identify the training content and modalities to prioritize according to experts, (3) develop intradisciplinary training on BPSD management, and (4) pretest the preliminary version of the training. Objectives one and two were evaluated using focus groups and objective four using individual cognitive interviews. Qualitative interview data was audio-recorded with participants' consent, transcribed verbatim, and thematically content analysed using an established method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, thirteen caregivers participated in objective one (8 from the LTC unit, and 6 from the ALC unit). The main staff training need identified on each site was the management of resident's aggressive behaviours. Staff verbalized a preference for virtual training. Objective 2 involved a panel of eight experts. Experts recommended the use of an online training platform, and certain training models and indicators. Based on caregivers' and experts' input, five interactive online staff training capsules lasting from 20 to 25 min each and an algorithm guiding the evaluation and management of BPSDs were created. The training capsules and the algorithm were iteratively improved following cognitive interviews with 4 caregivers from the participating sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An interactive virtual staff training on BPSD management was created based on staff and expert consultation. The next step in the investigation will be to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the training.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"106-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11573358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of Dementia among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Germany.","authors":"Jan-Luca Meyer, Elzbieta Buczak-Stec, Hans-Helmut König, André Hajek","doi":"10.1159/000541066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to clarify the frequency of fear of dementia and the factors associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were taken from a nationally representative sample (<i>n</i> = 4,000; average age was 54.9 years, SD: 8.5 years, age ranges from 40 to 70 years, 49.6% of the respondents were women). Similar to prior research, fear of dementia was quantified using a tool ranging from 1 (no fear of dementia) to 4 (severe fear of dementia).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In sum, 19.0% reported no fear of dementia, 34.6% reported a little fear of dementia, 33.8% reported some fear of dementia, and 12.7% reported severe fear of dementia. Regressions showed that greater fear of dementia was significantly associated with being female, being younger, poorer self-rated health, the presence of at least one chronic disease, not living in the same household with a partner or not being in a relationship at all, having depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study findings showed that fear of dementia is particularly associated with health-related factors, age and gender. Lifestyle factors and other socioeconomic factors were only occasionally significant. Future research should explore the reasons for such a higher frequency of people's fear of dementia. It would also be interesting to find out new factors associated with the fear of dementia. Furthermore, further research could focus on cross-country comparisons and could stratify the results by important groups, e.g., by sex or education, but also cultural and ethnic aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Influenced by the Time of Onset.","authors":"Hiroyuki Sato, Miho Ota, Ayako Kitabatake, Yuriko Numata, Takumi Takahashi, Masashi Tamura, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Tetsuaki Arai","doi":"10.1159/000541092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is higher in older people compared to younger people, dementia has also been documented in younger adults. Although early-onset dementia and late-onset dementia had been considered a single disease in pathological investigations, many studies revealed differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes between them. We evaluated differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes among the following groups: individuals with early-onset AD (EOAD), late-onset AD (LOAD), early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EOMCI), or late-onset MCI (LOMCI), and healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients underwent both a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scan and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Differences in regional gray matter volumes and MMSE subscales were investigated among the five diagnostic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the EOAD group, the LOAD group had significantly higher scores on orientation in place. Compared to the LOMCI patients, the EOMCI patients achieved significantly higher recall scores. The LOAD and LOMC groups showed significant volume reductions in bilateral medial temporal regions compared to the HCs. The EOAD and EOMCI groups did not show significant atrophy of the medial temporal region compared to the HC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hippocampal volume and memory were preserved in the patients with EOMCI or EOAD compared to those with LOMCI or LOAD. These findings may indicate that the distinct and differing patterns of neuropsychological changes between EOAD and LOAD are also common in MCI, which is intermediate between normal cognition and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes among Older Outpatients with Dementia.","authors":"Luc Viet Tran, Thanh Xuan Nguyen, Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen, Huong Thi Thu Nguyen, Tam Ngoc Nguyen, Anh Lan Nguyen, Vasikaran Naganathan, Janani Thillainadesan, Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Anh Trung Nguyen, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu","doi":"10.1159/000541237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The identification of geriatric syndromes in people with dementia is important. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of geriatric syndromes among dementia outpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling outpatients with dementia aged ≥60 years old. Dementia was diagnosed by neuropsychiatrists following DSM-5 criteria. The geriatric syndromes assessed included nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale-Short Form), polypharmacy, comorbidities, alcohol use, depression (quality of life in Alzheimer disease), functional status (Barthel Index, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living); lower body strength (30 s stand chair test), and frailty (Timed Up and Go test ≥14 s).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 participants was recruited in the study (mean age: 76.8 ± 1.2 years; female: 65.5%). The median number of geriatric syndromes per participant was 5 (IQR = 2); all participants had two or more geriatric syndromes. The most common geriatric syndromes were loss of independence (96.6% impairment in >1 IADL task score and 74.7% dependency in physical function at based on Barthel Index), reduced lower body strength (86.2%), malnutrition and risk of malnutrition (78.2%), and frailty (67.8%). Current and history of smoking, drinking alcohol, using memantine therapy, malnourishment and risk of malnourishment were significantly associated with increasing severity of dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence and coincidence of geriatric syndromes is common among outpatients with dementia. These findings have important clinical implications in terms of the assessment and service delivery for older adults in Vietnam. We are exploring ways to enhance our services to provide comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches to screening, recognition, and treatment of geriatric syndromes in older adults with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criterion-Related Validity of the Cognitive Function Score with the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale and the Bedriddenness Rank with the Barthel Index and the Katz Index: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Risa Hirata, Naoko E Katsuki, Hitomi Shimada, Eiji Nakatani, Kiyoshi Shikino, Maiko Ono, Chihiro Saito, Kaori Amari, Kazuya Kurogi, Mariko Yoshimura, Tomoyo Nishi, Shizuka Yaita, Yoshimasa Oda, Midori Tokushima, Yuka Hirakawa, Masahiko Nakamura, Shun Yamashita, Yoshinori Tokushima, Hidetoshi Aihara, Motoshi Fujiwara, Masaki Tago","doi":"10.1159/000540430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The cognitive function score (CFS) is a public scale for assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with dementia in Japan. In contrast, the scores of the revised Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS-R), an easy-to-use dementia screening tool developed in Japan, are significantly correlated with mini-mental state examination scores and are widely utilized in various countries. This novel study aimed to elucidate the previously unexplored criterion-related validity of the CFS and HDS-R and the Bedriddenness Rank (BR), Barthel index (BI), and Katz index (KI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter retrospective study and a secondary analysis of our previous study. The study included patients aged ≥20 years hospitalized in chronic care settings between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2021. We collected data from medical charts on admission, including age, sex, the BR, CFS, BI, KI, and HDS-R scores. Correlations between the CFS and HDS-R score, as well as between the BR and BI or KI, were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 749 participants were included in the analysis of criterion-related validity between the CFS and HDS-R. In the CFS cohort analysis, 202 patients (27.0%) were categorized as having a normal CFS, and the median HDS-R score was 18 (range: 6-26). The correlation coefficient between the CFS and HDS-R scores was -0.834 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The correlation coefficient between BR and BI was -0.741 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BR and KI was -0.740 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CFS revealed significant criterion-related validity compared with the established cognitive assessment scale, the HDS-R. The BR also demonstrated significant criterion-related validity with the BI and KI.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relation of Sleep Characteristics and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA).","authors":"Ahmad Delbari, Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei, Payam Jannatdoust, Amirali Azimi, Mohammad Bidkhori, Mohammad Saatchi, Mahshid Foroughan, Elham Hooshmand","doi":"10.1159/000539060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000539060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The rise in the elderly population has brought attention to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Sleep disorders also affect many older adults, indicating an important area of research for disturbed sleep and faster brain aging. This population-based study aimed to investigate the association of several sleep indicators with cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study focused on adults over 50 in the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA). MCI was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTS) in literate and illiterate individuals. Sleep characteristics were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin questionnaire. The logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 3,380 literate and 1,558 illiterate individuals were included. In both groups, participants with MCI had a significantly higher PSQI global score (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Also, among the literate individuals, a significantly higher risk of having sleep-disordered breathing and poor sleep quality was observed in participants with MCI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In illiterate individuals, higher sleep latency than 15 min increased odds of MCI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, after adjusting for all variables, only literate individuals with a sleep duration of more than 8 h had 66 percent increased odds of having MCI (<i>p</i> = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep duration might be associated with cognitive function in the older Iranian population. Our findings underscore the importance of considering sleep patterns in relation to cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"14 1","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Psychosocial Intervention for Carers of Individuals Diagnosed with Dementia in Social Isolation.","authors":"Grace Wei, Olivier Piguet, Fiona Kumfor","doi":"10.1159/000535207","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Growing research has shown the negative impact of social isolation on the health and psychological well-being of individuals with dementia and their carers. This study investigated the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention for dementia carers during a lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-three family carers of individuals diagnosed with dementia living in the community were recruited and provided with an online psychoeducation toolkit that aims to improve health literacy, management of social and behavioural symptoms in dementia, carer social engagement, and coping skills. Carers were divided into \"mild\" or \"moderate\" groups based on the disease severity of the person with dementia they cared for. Outcome measures including distress and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, carer self-efficacy and burden, social network, and feelings of loneliness were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Carers in the moderate group reported higher levels of distress (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and severity (<i>p</i> < 0.001) of neuropsychiatric symptoms and greater carer burden (<i>p</i> = 0.003) than carers in the mild group. Following the intervention, both groups reported increased social networks (<i>p</i> = 0.001). In addition, carers in the moderate group reported significantly reduced distress for neuropsychiatric symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.013), enhanced carer self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts (<i>p</i> = 0.040), and decreased loneliness (<i>p</i> = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that psychosocial interventions improve outcomes for carers of individuals with dementia, particularly those caring for individuals with greater disease severity. Findings from this study will inform the development of support services that meet the evolving needs of individuals with dementia and their carers in social isolation, during and in a post-pandemic context.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":"13 1","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}