Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra最新文献

{"title":"Fear of Dementia among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Germany.","authors":"Jan-Luca Meyer, Elzbieta Buczak-Stec, Hans-Helmut König, André Hajek","doi":"10.1159/000541066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to clarify the frequency of fear of dementia and the factors associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were taken from a nationally representative sample (<i>n</i> = 4,000; average age was 54.9 years, SD: 8.5 years, age ranges from 40 to 70 years, 49.6% of the respondents were women). Similar to prior research, fear of dementia was quantified using a tool ranging from 1 (no fear of dementia) to 4 (severe fear of dementia).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In sum, 19.0% reported no fear of dementia, 34.6% reported a little fear of dementia, 33.8% reported some fear of dementia, and 12.7% reported severe fear of dementia. Regressions showed that greater fear of dementia was significantly associated with being female, being younger, poorer self-rated health, the presence of at least one chronic disease, not living in the same household with a partner or not being in a relationship at all, having depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study findings showed that fear of dementia is particularly associated with health-related factors, age and gender. Lifestyle factors and other socioeconomic factors were only occasionally significant. Future research should explore the reasons for such a higher frequency of people's fear of dementia. It would also be interesting to find out new factors associated with the fear of dementia. Furthermore, further research could focus on cross-country comparisons and could stratify the results by important groups, e.g., by sex or education, but also cultural and ethnic aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Influenced by the Time of Onset.","authors":"Hiroyuki Sato, Miho Ota, Ayako Kitabatake, Yuriko Numata, Takumi Takahashi, Masashi Tamura, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Tetsuaki Arai","doi":"10.1159/000541092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is higher in older people compared to younger people, dementia has also been documented in younger adults. Although early-onset dementia and late-onset dementia had been considered a single disease in pathological investigations, many studies revealed differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes between them. We evaluated differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes among the following groups: individuals with early-onset AD (EOAD), late-onset AD (LOAD), early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EOMCI), or late-onset MCI (LOMCI), and healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients underwent both a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scan and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Differences in regional gray matter volumes and MMSE subscales were investigated among the five diagnostic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the EOAD group, the LOAD group had significantly higher scores on orientation in place. Compared to the LOMCI patients, the EOMCI patients achieved significantly higher recall scores. The LOAD and LOMC groups showed significant volume reductions in bilateral medial temporal regions compared to the HCs. The EOAD and EOMCI groups did not show significant atrophy of the medial temporal region compared to the HC group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The hippocampal volume and memory were preserved in the patients with EOMCI or EOAD compared to those with LOMCI or LOAD. These findings may indicate that the distinct and differing patterns of neuropsychological changes between EOAD and LOAD are also common in MCI, which is intermediate between normal cognition and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes among Older Outpatients with Dementia.","authors":"Luc Viet Tran, Thanh Xuan Nguyen, Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen, Huong Thi Thu Nguyen, Tam Ngoc Nguyen, Anh Lan Nguyen, Vasikaran Naganathan, Janani Thillainadesan, Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Anh Trung Nguyen, Huyen Thi Thanh Vu","doi":"10.1159/000541237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The identification of geriatric syndromes in people with dementia is important. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of geriatric syndromes among dementia outpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling outpatients with dementia aged ≥60 years old. Dementia was diagnosed by neuropsychiatrists following DSM-5 criteria. The geriatric syndromes assessed included nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale-Short Form), polypharmacy, comorbidities, alcohol use, depression (quality of life in Alzheimer disease), functional status (Barthel Index, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living); lower body strength (30 s stand chair test), and frailty (Timed Up and Go test ≥14 s).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 participants was recruited in the study (mean age: 76.8 ± 1.2 years; female: 65.5%). The median number of geriatric syndromes per participant was 5 (IQR = 2); all participants had two or more geriatric syndromes. The most common geriatric syndromes were loss of independence (96.6% impairment in >1 IADL task score and 74.7% dependency in physical function at based on Barthel Index), reduced lower body strength (86.2%), malnutrition and risk of malnutrition (78.2%), and frailty (67.8%). Current and history of smoking, drinking alcohol, using memantine therapy, malnourishment and risk of malnourishment were significantly associated with increasing severity of dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence and coincidence of geriatric syndromes is common among outpatients with dementia. These findings have important clinical implications in terms of the assessment and service delivery for older adults in Vietnam. We are exploring ways to enhance our services to provide comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches to screening, recognition, and treatment of geriatric syndromes in older adults with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criterion-Related Validity of the Cognitive Function Score with the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale and the Bedriddenness Rank with the Barthel Index and the Katz Index: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Risa Hirata, Naoko E Katsuki, Hitomi Shimada, Eiji Nakatani, Kiyoshi Shikino, Maiko Ono, Chihiro Saito, Kaori Amari, Kazuya Kurogi, Mariko Yoshimura, Tomoyo Nishi, Shizuka Yaita, Yoshimasa Oda, Midori Tokushima, Yuka Hirakawa, Masahiko Nakamura, Shun Yamashita, Yoshinori Tokushima, Hidetoshi Aihara, Motoshi Fujiwara, Masaki Tago","doi":"10.1159/000540430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000540430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The cognitive function score (CFS) is a public scale for assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with dementia in Japan. In contrast, the scores of the revised Hasegawa's dementia scale (HDS-R), an easy-to-use dementia screening tool developed in Japan, are significantly correlated with mini-mental state examination scores and are widely utilized in various countries. This novel study aimed to elucidate the previously unexplored criterion-related validity of the CFS and HDS-R and the Bedriddenness Rank (BR), Barthel index (BI), and Katz index (KI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter retrospective study and a secondary analysis of our previous study. The study included patients aged ≥20 years hospitalized in chronic care settings between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2021. We collected data from medical charts on admission, including age, sex, the BR, CFS, BI, KI, and HDS-R scores. Correlations between the CFS and HDS-R score, as well as between the BR and BI or KI, were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 749 participants were included in the analysis of criterion-related validity between the CFS and HDS-R. In the CFS cohort analysis, 202 patients (27.0%) were categorized as having a normal CFS, and the median HDS-R score was 18 (range: 6-26). The correlation coefficient between the CFS and HDS-R scores was -0.834 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The correlation coefficient between BR and BI was -0.741 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BR and KI was -0.740 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CFS revealed significant criterion-related validity compared with the established cognitive assessment scale, the HDS-R. The BR also demonstrated significant criterion-related validity with the BI and KI.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s new in dementia risk prediction modelling? An updated systematic review","authors":"Jacob Brain, Aysegul Humeyra Kafadar, Linda Errington, Rachael Kirkley, Eugene Y.H. Tang, R. Akyea, Manpreet Bains, Carol Brayne, Grazziela Figueredo, Leanne Greene, Jennie Louise, Catharine Morgan, Eduwin Pakpahan, David Reeves, Louise Robinson, Amy Salter, Mario Siervo, Phillip J. Tully, Deborah Turnbull, Nadeem Qureshi, Blossom Stephan","doi":"10.1159/000539744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000539744","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Identifying individuals at high risk of dementia is critical to optimized clinical care, formulating effective preventative strategies, and determining eligibility for clinical trials. Since our previous systematic reviews in 2010 and 2015, there has been a surge in dementia risk prediction modelling. The aim of this study is to update our previous reviews to explore, and critically review, new developments in dementia risk modelling.\u0000Methods\u0000MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from March 2014 to June 2022. Studies were included if they were population or community-based cohorts (including electronic health record data), had developed a model for predicting late-life incident dementia and included model performance indices such as discrimination, calibration, or external validation.\u0000Results \u0000In total, 9,209 articles were identified from the electronic search, of which 74 met the inclusion criteria. We found a substantial increase in the number of new models published from 2014 (>50 new models), including an increase in the number of models developed using machine learning. Over 450 unique predictor (component) variables have been tested. Nineteen studies (26%) undertook external validation of newly developed or existing models, with mixed results. For the first time, models have also been developed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and others validated in racial and ethnic minority groups. \u0000Conclusion\u0000The literature on dementia risk prediction modelling is rapidly evolving with new analytical developments and testing in LMICs. However, it is still challenging to make recommendations about which one model is the most suitable for routine use in a clinical setting. There is an urgent need to develop a suitable, robust, validated risk prediction model in the general population that can be widely implemented in clinical practice to improve dementia prevention.","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptoms are not associated with predementia CSF amyloid pathology","authors":"C. Eriksson, Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom, Ragna Espenes, N. Siafarikas, K. Waterloo, A. Rongve, P. Selnes, Dag Aarsland, T. Fladby, Erik Hessen","doi":"10.1159/000539284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000539284","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000INTRODUCTION: Depressive symptoms are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but their neurobiological and neuropsychological correlates remain poorly understood. We investigate if depressive symptoms are associated with amyloid (Aβ) pathology and cognition in predementia AD. \u0000METHODS: We included Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD, n= 160) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI, n=192) from the Dementia Disease Initiation cohort. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Aβ pathology was determined using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42/40 ratio. Associations between depressive symptoms and cognition were assessed with logistic regression. \u0000RESULTS: Only the Aβ negative MCI group (MCI-Aβ-) was associated with depressive symptoms (OR=2.65, p=.005). Depressive symptoms were associated with worse memory in MCI-Aβ- (OR=0.94, p=.039), but with better performance in MCI-Aβ+ (OR=1.103, p=.001). \u0000DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that depressive symptoms in MCI are neither associated with Aβ pathology, nor AD-associated memory impairment. However, memory impairment in non-AD MCI may relate to depressive symptoms. \u0000","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relation of Sleep Characteristics and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA).","authors":"Ahmad Delbari, Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei, Payam Jannatdoust, Amirali Azimi, Mohammad Bidkhori, Mohammad Saatchi, Mahshid Foroughan, Elham Hooshmand","doi":"10.1159/000539060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000539060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The rise in the elderly population has brought attention to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Sleep disorders also affect many older adults, indicating an important area of research for disturbed sleep and faster brain aging. This population-based study aimed to investigate the association of several sleep indicators with cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study focused on adults over 50 in the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA). MCI was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTS) in literate and illiterate individuals. Sleep characteristics were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin questionnaire. The logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 3,380 literate and 1,558 illiterate individuals were included. In both groups, participants with MCI had a significantly higher PSQI global score (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Also, among the literate individuals, a significantly higher risk of having sleep-disordered breathing and poor sleep quality was observed in participants with MCI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In illiterate individuals, higher sleep latency than 15 min increased odds of MCI (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, after adjusting for all variables, only literate individuals with a sleep duration of more than 8 h had 66 percent increased odds of having MCI (<i>p</i> = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep duration might be associated with cognitive function in the older Iranian population. Our findings underscore the importance of considering sleep patterns in relation to cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of age-related hearing loss on working memory among older individuals: An event-related potential study","authors":"Sankalpa Madashetty, Hari Palaniswamy, Bellur Rajashekhar","doi":"10.1159/000538109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000538109","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\u0000Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) may affect working memory (WM), which impacts problem-solving, decision-making, language comprehension, and learning. Limited research exists on how ARHL affects working memory using N-Back tasks, but studying this is crucial for understanding neural markers and associated cognitive processes. Our study explores the impact of ARHL on WM using behavioral and electrophysiological measures and how it correlates with speech-in-noise scores in older individuals with ARHL. \u0000Method:\u0000The study involved two groups, each with 20 participants aged 60 to 80. Group 1 had individuals with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss, while Group 2 had age and education-matched controls with normal or near-normal hearing. Participants underwent audiological assessments and completed cognitive tests, including simple reaction time and N-back tests. During the performance of cognitive tasks, a simultaneous electroencephalography was recorded. Data analysis included behavioral and event-related potentials, source estimation, and functional connectivity analysis. \u0000Results:\u0000The study revealed significantly poor accuracy, longer reaction time, and smaller P300 amplitude among individuals with ARHL, even after controlling for general slowing. Individuals with ARHL experience compromised neural activity, particularly in the temporal and parietal regions, which are vital for cognition and WM. Furthermore, individuals with ARHL exhibited poor communication between the superior temporal gyrus and insulae regions among the brain regions mediating WM during the 1-back task. Also, the study found a strong correlation between hearing measures and working memory outcomes. \u0000Conclusion:\u0000The study findings suggest that individuals with ARHL have impaired WM compared to those with normal hearing. This indicates a potential link between ARHL and cognitive decline, which could significantly affect daily life and quality of life. The widely used WM test with simultaneous EEG recording and source estimation analysis would further validate the usefulness of the study in assessing WM in this population.","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary microgliopathy presenting as degenerative dementias: A case series of novel gene mutations from India","authors":"S. Ramakrishnan, F. Arshad, Keerthana Bs, Arun Gokul Pon, Susan Bosco, Sandeep Kumar, Hariharakrishnan Chidambaram, Subhash Chandra Bose Chinnathambi, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Gautham Arunachal, S. Alladi","doi":"10.1159/000538145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000538145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction\u0000Microglia exert a crucial role in homeostasis of white matter integrity and several studies highlight the role of microglial dysfunctions in neurodegeneration. Primary microgliopathy are disorders where the pathogenic abnormality of the microglia causes white matter disorder and leads to a neuropsychiatric diseases. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells (TREM2), TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYROBP), Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) are genes implicated in primary microgliopathy. Clinical manifestations of primary microgliopathy are myriad ranging from neuropsychiatric syndrome, motor disability, gait dysfunction, ataxia, pure dementia, frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer dementia and so on. It becomes imperative to establish diagnosis of microgliopathy masquerading as degenerative dementia, especially with promising therapies on horizon for the same.\u0000 We aim to describe a case series of subjects with dementia harboring novel genes of primary microgliopathy, along with their clinical, neuropsychological, and cognitive profile and radiological patterns.\u0000Methods: The prospective study was conducted in a university referral hospital in South India, as a part of an ongoing clinic-genetic research on Dementia subjects and was approved by the institutional ethics committee. All patients underwent detailed assessment including socio demographic profile, clinical and cognitive assessment, pedigree analysis and comprehensive neurological examination. Subjects consenting for blood sampling underwent genetic testing by Whole exome sequencing (WES).\u0000Results: 100 patients of dementia underwent genetic analysis using whole exome sequencing and three pathogenic variants, one each of TREM2, TYROBP and CSF1R and two variants of uncertain significance in CSF1R were identified as cause of primary microgliopathy .TREM 2 and TYROBP presented as frontotemporal syndrome whereas CSF1R presented as frontotemporal syndrome and Alzheimer dementia.\u0000Conclusion :WES has widened the spectrum of underlying neuropathology of degenerative dementias and diagnosing primary microglial dysfunction with emerging therapeutic options is of paramount importance. Cases of primary microgliopathy due to Novel mutations in TREM2, TYROBP and CSF1R with phenotype of degenerative dementia are being first time reported from Indian cohort.\u0000Our study enriches the spectrum of genetic variants implicated in degenerative dementia, and provides the basis for exploring complex molecular mechanisms like microglial dysfunction, as underlying cause for neurodegeneration.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Psychosocial Intervention for Carers of Individuals Diagnosed with Dementia in Social Isolation.","authors":"Grace Wei, Olivier Piguet, Fiona Kumfor","doi":"10.1159/000535207","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Growing research has shown the negative impact of social isolation on the health and psychological well-being of individuals with dementia and their carers. This study investigated the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention for dementia carers during a lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-three family carers of individuals diagnosed with dementia living in the community were recruited and provided with an online psychoeducation toolkit that aims to improve health literacy, management of social and behavioural symptoms in dementia, carer social engagement, and coping skills. Carers were divided into \"mild\" or \"moderate\" groups based on the disease severity of the person with dementia they cared for. Outcome measures including distress and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, carer self-efficacy and burden, social network, and feelings of loneliness were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Carers in the moderate group reported higher levels of distress (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and severity (<i>p</i> < 0.001) of neuropsychiatric symptoms and greater carer burden (<i>p</i> = 0.003) than carers in the mild group. Following the intervention, both groups reported increased social networks (<i>p</i> = 0.001). In addition, carers in the moderate group reported significantly reduced distress for neuropsychiatric symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.013), enhanced carer self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts (<i>p</i> = 0.040), and decreased loneliness (<i>p</i> = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that psychosocial interventions improve outcomes for carers of individuals with dementia, particularly those caring for individuals with greater disease severity. Findings from this study will inform the development of support services that meet the evolving needs of individuals with dementia and their carers in social isolation, during and in a post-pandemic context.</p>","PeriodicalId":38017,"journal":{"name":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}