Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of mindful meditation in adjunct to a pulmonary rehabilitation program in improving functional capacity and quality of life in post-treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients: A randomized controlled trial (Study Protocol)","authors":"Bhakti Chavhan,&nbsp;Lajwanti Lalwani","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Post-treated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) frequently leads to long-term impairments in lung function, endurance, and mental well-being. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs aim to restore functional capacity but may not sufficiently address psychological distress. Mindful meditation, when integrated with PR, may offer enhanced recovery by addressing both physical and emotional deficits [1,2].</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We plan to conduct this study at a single hospital, where 51 people who recently completed TB treatment will be invited to participate. Each person will be randomly placed into one of two groups. One group will follow a regular rehab program, while the other will follow the same program with added daily meditation sessions. The rehab will last for four weeks. We’ll check each person’s walking ability and quality of life [5,6], and also note changes in their breathing, oxygen levels, and vital signs [7].</div><div>Expected Results: People who do both meditation and rehab are likely to feel and function better than those who only do rehab. We hope this combined approach gives more balanced physical and mental recovery [<span><span>1</span></span>,<span><span>2</span></span>].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>If adding meditation works well, it could become part of rehab for others recovering from TB. This might help patients feel more energetic and positive after their illness [<span><span>3</span></span>,<span><span>4</span></span>].</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in The Netherlands, an epidemiologic overview, 1993–2022","authors":"Frouke A. Procee ,&nbsp;Jizzo R. Bosdriesz ,&nbsp;Frank G.J. Cobelens ,&nbsp;Maria Prins ,&nbsp;Sabine M. Hermans ,&nbsp;Anton E. Kunst","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in low-incidence settings like the Netherlands. Despite declining overall tuberculosis (TB) incidence, the proportion of EPTB has risen, especially among migrant populations. This study examines sociodemographic, migration-related, and clinical factors associated with EPTB from 1993 to 2022 to inform TB diagnostics and care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective quantitative analysis of 34,048 TB patients reported to the Netherlands Tuberculosis Registry (1993–2022) was conducted. Logistic regression was used to identify associations with EPTB. Temporal trends in EPTB and pulmonary TB (PTB) were evaluated, including stratification by age, country of birth, and duration of residency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the study period, the proportion of EPTB rose from 37 % to 50 %. EPTB was more common in women (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.53; 95 % CI 1.45–1.62) and children under 14 years (aOR 2.83; 95 % CI 2.46–3.24). Foreign-born individuals, particularly from India, Somalia, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Pakistan, had higher odds of EPTB compared to Dutch-born individuals (aOR range: 2.33–3.86). EPTB was also associated with HIV infection (aOR 1.73; 95 % CI 1.43–2.11) but inversely related to social risk factors like homelessness and problem substance use. TB was notably frequently diagnosed among individuals residing in the Netherlands for over 10 years, more often EPTB than PTB.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The rising proportion of EPTB underscores the need for targeted interventions, particularly for high-risk groups such as women, children and migrants. Enhanced screening, early detection, and preventive strategies, especially for tuberculosis infection (TBI) are critical to reducing EPTB morbidity and mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-month dispensing of tuberculosis medications in sub-Saharan Africa: A feasible, person-centered care model","authors":"Jonathan Izudi ,&nbsp;Adithya Cattamanchi ,&nbsp;Francis Bajunirwe","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment success rate among people with tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa is suboptimal despite the availability of shortened and efficacious TB regimens. Barriers such as long travel distances and frequent clinic visits for medication refills hinder access to care and compromise treatment adherence and completion. Multi-month dispensing of anti-retroviral drugs has proved successful in improving treatment adherence and viral load suppression among people living with human immunodeficiency virus. The strategy could be adapted for tuberculosis care to address treatment access and adherence barriers to optimize treatment success. In this perspective, we discuss the key considerations for the multi-month dispensing of tuberculosis drugs in sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, we highlight treatment monitoring, strengthening of logistics and supply chain systems, multi-month dispensing protocols, healthcare provider capacity building, community engagement, and monitoring and evaluation framework. We call for research, policy reforms, and pilot programs to evaluate and scale up multi-month dispensing of tuberculosis medications to end the epidemic by 2035.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication adherence in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease","authors":"Arthur Lemson ,&nbsp;Fleur Dijkhuizen ,&nbsp;Ralf Stemkens ,&nbsp;Arjan van Laarhoven ,&nbsp;Reinout van Crevel ,&nbsp;Jakko van Ingen ,&nbsp;Rob Aarnoutse ,&nbsp;Wouter Hoefsloot","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to measure and understand medication adherence in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled adults with NTM disease receiving antimycobacterial treatment at Radboudumc, the Netherlands. Demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded, and medication adherence was assessed repeatedly. Adherence was measured using the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) at 6 and 12 months, calculated from pharmacy records, and the 5-item Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5). The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) explored reasons for (non)adherence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-one participants were enrolled, with a mean age of 63.2 (±12.9) years. Forty-one (67 %) had pulmonary, and 20 (33 %) extrapulmonary NTM disease, with <em>M. avium</em> complex being the most prevalent species (n = 38; 62 %). One or more adverse effects occurred in 56/61 (92 %) participants. A favorable response was seen in 34/49 (69 %) and 25/29 (86 %) participants at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The median PDC was 100 % (IQR, 99–100 %) at both timepoints, and the MARS-5 remained 5 out of 5 throughout treatment, indicating high adherence. Participants’ beliefs about the necessity of NTM treatment, as assessed in the BMQ, consistently outweighed concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Medication adherence was high throughout the first year of NTM treatment, likely due to the perceived necessity of treatment and regular follow-up at our reference clinic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The exacerbating effects of stable pulmonary tuberculosis on the deterioration of inflammatory response, coagulation function, and pulmonary function in COPD: A propensity score-matched retrospective study","authors":"Jiangbo Li ,&nbsp;Mei Ye ,&nbsp;Haiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Aidibai Ainiwaier ,&nbsp;Ayididar Jumahan ,&nbsp;Feng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis pose significant public health challenges, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic developing regions where their co-prevalence may exacerbate the disease burden of chronic airflow obstruction. This study aimed to investigate the impact of stable pulmonary tuberculosis on inflammatory status, coagulation function, and pulmonary function in COPD patients during acute exacerbations.We conducted a retrospective analysis of 68 COPD patients with acute exacerbation and stable pulmonary tuberculosis (observation group) admitted between December 2019 and December 2023. Using propensity score matching based on age and gender, we selected 68 COPD patients without stable pulmonary tuberculosis as the control group. Comparative analysis of laboratory tests and pulmonary function parameters revealed that the observation group had significantly elevated levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lymphocyte count, platelet count (PLT), and D-dimer, along with significantly reduced pulmonary function parameters including forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and forced expiratory flow between 25 %-75 % of vital capacity (FEF25-FEF75) (all P &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated positive associations between ESR/IL-6 levels and D-dimer, PLT, and fibrin(ogen) degradation product (FDP) levels (P &lt; 0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis of 14 significantly different variables identified IL-6 (OR = 1.056), ESR (OR = 1.022), PLT (OR = 1.005), D-Dimer (OR = 1.002), FEV1/FVC (OR = 0.962), FEF50 (OR = 0.534), and FEF75 (OR = 0.089) as independent factors associated with acute exacerbation in COPD patients with stable pulmonary tuberculosis (all P &lt; 0.05). Our findings indicate that elevated IL-6, ESR, PLT, and D-Dimer levels coupled with decreased FEV1/FVC, FEF50, and FEF75 levels represent distinctive clinical characteristics of these patients.This study demonstrates that COPD patients with stable pulmonary tuberculosis exhibit enhanced inflammatory responses, prothrombotic tendencies, and more severe pulmonary function impairment, providing a scientific basis for developing individualized treatment strategies for this patient population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on ventilation dynamics and small airway dysfunction in people with post-tuberculosis lung disease","authors":"Iasmim Maria Pereira Pinto Fonseca ,&nbsp;Samantha Gomes de Alegria ,&nbsp;Jéssica Gabriela Messias Oliveira ,&nbsp;Thaís Souza Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Carolina Alves Osório da Silva Chagas ,&nbsp;Alícia Sales Carneiro ,&nbsp;Walter Costa ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Santos ,&nbsp;Thiago Thomaz Mafort ,&nbsp;Agnaldo José Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As the world moves toward eliminating tuberculosis (TB), there is a large population of TB survivors who still face a significant burden of TB complications. However, basic pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) packages for this population are currently lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of home-based PRP (HBPRP) on lung mechanics, exercise capacity, and quality of life (QoL) in people with PTLD (pwPTLD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a quasi-experimental study in pwPTLD who underwent HBPRP for 3 months. Before and after HBPRP, the following assessments were performed: QoL using the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), general fatigue using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), handgrip strength (HGS), pulmonary function, and functional exercise capacity using the Glittre-ADL test (TGlittre) coupled with measurement of dynamic ventilation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When comparing pre- and post-HBPRP values, there was a significant increase in TGlittre time [208 (194–249) vs. 184 (153–211) seconds, <em>P</em> = 0.004] and breathing reserve [56 (34–71) vs. 58 (39–73) %, <em>P</em> = 0.032], and a reduction in end-of-test inspiratory capacity [1.4 (0.9–2.3) vs. 1.6 (1.1–2.6) L, <em>P</em> = 0.030]. Although no increase in spirometric parameters was observed, there was an improvement in small airway dysfunction (SAD) as measured by respiratory oscillometry. Improvements were observed in the Activity and Impacts domains of the SGRQ. However, no significant changes were noted in FACIT-F or HGS after HBPRP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In pwPTLD, HBPRP improves exercise tolerance, QoL, and SAD, with no effect on general fatigue and HGS. Therefore, TB programs should ensure the availability of PRP for pwPTLD, including HBPRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First insights into the genetic composition of M. tuberculosis population circulating in Kosovo","authors":"Alina Minias ,&nbsp;Magdalena Kuzioła ,&nbsp;Florin Ahmeti ,&nbsp;Nazmi Mehmeti ,&nbsp;Blendi Jerliu ,&nbsp;Greta Lila ,&nbsp;Albuena Miftari ,&nbsp;Xhevat Shkodra ,&nbsp;Xhevat Jakupi ,&nbsp;Zana Kacaniku ,&nbsp;Monika Kozińska ,&nbsp;Anna Zabost ,&nbsp;Marcin Słomka ,&nbsp;Dominik Strapagiel ,&nbsp;Jarosław Dziadek ,&nbsp;Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć ,&nbsp;Rrezarta Bajrami","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis incidence in Kosovo is among one of the highest in Europe at 33/100,000 citizens. While World Health Organization encourages epidemiological monitoring of tuberculosis transmission, studies regarding <em>M. tuberculosis</em> population structure in the Balkan region are limited. Here, we used spoligotyping and whole genome sequencing to describe the variation of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> strains circulating in Kosovo. We used samples isolated from patients in the period 2021/2022. We found that the vast majority of isolated strains belonged to spoligotype based Euro-American lineage, five strains belonged to East-Asian lineage, and one was <em>M. caprae</em>. We described the general characteristics of the <em>M. tuberculosis</em> population in our study and identified chains of transmission based on whole genome sequencing data of selected samples. Our data will be a reference point for subsequent studies of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> population in Kosovo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of CAD4TB artificial intelligence technology in TB screening programmes among the adult population in South Africa and Lesotho","authors":"Nonhlanhla Nzimande ,&nbsp;Keelin Murphy ,&nbsp;Klaus Reither ,&nbsp;Shannon Bosman ,&nbsp;Irene Ayakaka ,&nbsp;Tracy R. Glass ,&nbsp;Fiona Vanobberghen ,&nbsp;Bart K.M. Jacobs ,&nbsp;Aita Signorell ,&nbsp;Jabulani Ncayiyana","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Summary</h3><div>There is growing evidence of the performance accuracy and potential impact of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) products in TB-burdened settings. It remains unclear, however, which factors of populations and settings can affect CAD performance. We aimed to investigate the parameters affecting the performance accuracy of the two latest versions of CAD4TB in TB screening programmes in South Africa and Lesotho.</div><div>We included participants recruited for the Lesotho National Prevalence Survey and the TB TRIAGE + ACCURACY studies, who underwent digital chest radiography and microbiological reference testing for TB. In total, 6,524 chest images were included in the analysis: 288 cases and 6,236 controls. CAD4TB versions 6 and 7 interpreted the X-ray images, and the performance of both versions was investigated. Threshold analyses were performed, as well as subgroup analyses, including age, X-ray hardware and HIV status.</div><div>CAD4TB v7 showed overall improved performance accuracy compared to v6 (p &lt; 0.01). The area under the ROC curve was 0.833 (95 % CI 0.808–0.859) for v6 and 0.865 (95 % CI 0.842–0.889) for v7. At 90 % sensitivity, v7 showed a higher specificity of 65 % compared to the 54 % achieved by v6. Both versions showed lower performance in the older age group (≥60 years) and individuals with a previous history of TB. The threshold required to achieve the same sensitivity or specificity varies notably across the two versions.</div><div>CAD4TB performed well as a TB screening tool; however, factors such as software version, age, TB history and X-ray hardware should be considered in threshold determination and performance evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary diversity and associated factors among people with tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Jonathan Izudi ,&nbsp;Simon Kyazze ,&nbsp;Francis Bajunirwe","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rationale.</div><div>Dietary diversity (DD) is important in enhancing the nutritional status of people with tuberculosis (TB), but has been understudied in Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the frequency of adequate DD and the associated factors among people with pulmonary TB aged ≥ 18 years in Kampala, Uganda.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled people with pulmonary TB across five health facilities in Kampala, Uganda. The outcome variable was adequate DD, assessed using the World Food Program’s Food Consumption Score (FCS). Participants with FCS values &lt; 35 were categorized as having inadequate DD, whereas those with FCS ≥ 35 were classified as having adequate DD. Independent variables included sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors. We used a Generalized Estimating Equation with a Poisson distribution, log link function, and robust standard errors, with health facility as a cluster and several variables to identify the factors associated with adequate DD. We reported adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 818 participants studied, 250 (30.6 %) had adequate DD. The factors associated with adequate DD included age ≥ 25 years old (aRR 1.12; 95 % CI: 1.04–1.22), being married (aRR 1.77; 95 % CI: 1.51–2.07), self-employed (aRR 1.22; 95 % CI: 1.09–1.36), and low socioeconomic status (aRR 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.15–1.89).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found a low frequency of adequate DD. Persons aged ≥ 25 years, married, self-employed, and of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to have adequate DD. Findings suggest a complex interplay between socioeconomic factors and DD. Targeted interventions are needed to improve DD among people with TB across different demographic groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in lung function abnormalities in patients treated for first ever pulmonary tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","authors":"Reinhard Elisania Lema ,&nbsp;Grace Ambrose Shayo ,&nbsp;Zuhura Nkrumbih ,&nbsp;Tumaini Joseph Nagu","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2025.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To document abnormalities in pulmonary function (PF) and associated factors in patients completing treatment for microbiologically confirmed, first-ever pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).</div><div>From August 2020 to May 2021, we recruited 332 patients aged ≥15 years. PF was evaluated at baseline and at treatment completion. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare median PF changes between baseline and treatment completion. A log-binomial regression model was used to determine factors associated with abnormal PF at treatment completion. Statistical significance was set at <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Abnormal PF was observed in 142 of 300 (47.3 %) patients who completed the study. Being male (RR [95 % CI] = 1.22 [1.19–2.23]), underweight (RR = 1.49 [1.13–1.95]), having lung cavitation (RR = 1.90 [1.29–2.78]), and lung fibrosis at baseline (RR = 2.16 [1.32–3.53]) were significantly associated with abnormal PF. The median (IQR) FEV₁ at treatment completion was 2.33 L (0.90–4.23 L) and FVC was 3.05 L (1.10–7.50 L), both significantly higher than FEV₁ of 2.18 L (0.20–5.70 L) and FVC of 2.82 L (0.26–7.05 L) at treatment initiation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 for both).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Approximately half of the patients had abnormal PF at treatment completion. Underweight patients, males, and those with lung cavitation at treatment initiation are more likely to have abnormal PF at the end of treatment and may require special attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}