Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Treatment outcomes among patients with isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis in Mumbai, India: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Sumaiya Khan ,&nbsp;Arunima Silsarma ,&nbsp;Raman Mahajan ,&nbsp;Shahid Khan ,&nbsp;Praveen Davuluri ,&nbsp;Narendra Sutar ,&nbsp;Aparna Iyer ,&nbsp;Shubhangi Mankar ,&nbsp;Vikas Oswal ,&nbsp;Varsha Puri ,&nbsp;Daksha Shah ,&nbsp;Vijay Chavan ,&nbsp;Hannah Spencer ,&nbsp;Petros Isaakidis","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause of mortality globally, with India accounting for 27% of the estimated number of people with TB. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and isoniazid (INH) resistance pose additional challenges to effective treatment. We aimed to describe treatment outcomes of INH mono-resistant TB patients under programmatic conditions in Mumbai, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Shatabdi Hospital in Mumbai between 2019–2021.We described the clinical and demographic characteristics, treatment outcomes, and risk factors for unfavourable outcomes among patients with INH mono-resistant TB treated with rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and levofloxacin (LfxREZ) for a duration of 6 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 3105 patients with drug-resistant TB initiated on treatment, 217 (7 %) had INH mono-resistant TB. Of these, 54 % (117/217) were female, with a median age of 26 years (interquartile range: 20–40). The majority (88 %; 191/217) presented with pulmonary TB, and most (87 %; 188/217) had favourable treatment outcomes, including treatment completion (52 %; 112/217) and cure (35 %; 76/217). Unfavourable outcomes, including treatment failure (2.3 %; 5/217), loss to follow-up (9.2 %; 20/217), or death (1.8 %; 4/217), were observed in 13 % (29/217) of patients. A total of ten (5 %) patients experienced at least one non-severe adverse drug reaction. Factors associated with unfavourable outcomes included severe thinness (p = 0.019) and male gender (p = 0.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Treating INH mono-resistant patients with LfxREZ resulted in satisfactory outcomes and low toxicity. It is important to rule out drug resistance to INH while determining the treatment regimen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria in the Finger Lakes region of New York","authors":"Michael Croix ,&nbsp;Ghinwa Dumyati ,&nbsp;Alexandra Adams ,&nbsp;Paul Levy ,&nbsp;Emil Lesho ,&nbsp;Dwight Hardy ,&nbsp;Sonal Munsiff","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clinical-epidemiologic data for all nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated in the 9 County Finger Lakes region of NY from 226 patients between 04/01/2018–03/31/2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Only 51% of patients meeting diagnostic criteria were treated, while 25% not meeting diagnostic criteria were also treated, indicating important knowledge gaps and research opportunities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in South Asia: A regional analysis of burden, progress, and future projections using the global burden of disease (1990–2021)","authors":"Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib ,&nbsp;Amit Verma ,&nbsp;Sorabh Lakhanpal ,&nbsp;Suhas Ballal ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar ,&nbsp;Mahakshit Bhat ,&nbsp;Aryantika Sharma ,&nbsp;M. Ravi Kumar ,&nbsp;Aashna Sinha ,&nbsp;Abhay M. Gaidhane ,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil ,&nbsp;Mahendra Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah ,&nbsp;Kiran Bhopte ,&nbsp;Kamal Kundra ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar Samal","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health issue in South Asia and accounts for a large share of the global TB burden. Despite global efforts to curb TB incidence and mortality, progress in South Asia has been uneven, necessitating focused regional analysis to guide effective interventions. This study aims to analyse the trends in the TB burden in South Asia from 1990 to 2021 and project future TB incidence rates up to 2031.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 results to analyse trends in age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates (ASDR) associated with TB in South Asia from 1990 to 2021. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to identify significant trends, whereas ARIMA models were used to project future TB incidence rates up to 2031.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study revealed significant declines in the ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, and ASMR related to TB in South Asia over the past three decades. Prominent reductions were found in Bangladesh and Bhutan, whereas India, Pakistan, and Nepal continue to bear the highest TB burdens. The ARIMA model projections indicate a continued decline in TB incidence across the region, although the extent of the decline varies by country, with less favourable trends observed in Nepal and Pakistan. The analysis also highlights tobacco use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body mass index as significant risk factors contributing to the TB burden.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Substantial progress has been made in reducing the TB burden in South Asia; however, sustained and intensified efforts are needed, particularly in countries with inconsistent progress. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to meet the WHO End TB Strategy (WETS) targets by 2035. Continuous monitoring and adaptive strategies will be crucial in maintaining and accelerating progress toward TB elimination in South Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium heraklionense: An emerging cause of hand tenosynovitis","authors":"Majdouline El Moussaoui ,&nbsp;Nicolas Lambert ,&nbsp;Patrick Massage ,&nbsp;Cécile Meex ,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Hayette ,&nbsp;Philippe Delvenne ,&nbsp;Charline Rinkin ,&nbsp;Michel Moutschen ,&nbsp;Gilles Darcis ,&nbsp;Olivier Malaise ,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste Giot","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misdiagnosis of <em>Mycobacterium heraklionense</em> tenosynovitis is common due to the challenging identification and perceived rarity of the disease. This can result in delayed therapy initiation and potentially irreversible consequences. In this report, we present an additional case of hand tenosynovitis, which highlights the diagnostic and management challenges of <em>Mycobacterium heraklionense</em> tenosynovitis and provides further evidence of its emergence as a cause of tenosynovitis. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive summary of published case reports that describe <em>Mycobacterium heraklionense</em> tenosynovitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from aquarium fish in Ilam, Iran","authors":"Mohammad Yazdanmanesh,&nbsp;Keyvan Tadayon,&nbsp;Darya Bagherian Koshkghazi,&nbsp;Nader Mosavari","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are among the most important pathogens in wild, captive, marine, and freshwater fish species. So, it is important to consider fish as the primary source of infection for aquarium fish and humans. The present study analyzed the occurrence of NTM in aquarium fish in Ilam, west of Iran. In total, 50 samples of infected fish were collected from different aquariums. Following initial sample processing, sediment of each sample was inoculated into Lowenstein-Jensen and Herrold egg media. The positive colonies were investigated with, growth rate, pigmentation, colony morphology, niacin accumulation, nitrate reduction, catalase activity, urease activity, and arylsulfatase activity. Also, molecular identification was carried out by sequencing of heat shock protein 65 kD gene (<em>hsp65</em>) sequence analysis. According to our results, NTM were isolated from 13 samples (26%), comprising 6 (46.2%) rapid growing, and 7 (53.8%) slow growing mycobacteria. In addition, <em>Mycobacterium marinum</em> was the most common NTM isolated in ornamental fish, which is potentially dangerous for both fish and humans. In conclusion, the current study indicates that ornamental fish play a significant role as a source of NTM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000652/pdfft?md5=b7bc321c40a22541121e5ed4e3017488&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000652-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive reprocessing of reusable bronchoscopes can reduce the false positive rate of Xpert MTB/RIF caused by nucleic acid residue","authors":"Xingxing Jin ,&nbsp;Qianfang Hu ,&nbsp;Yishi Li ,&nbsp;Xia Zhang ,&nbsp;Wan Tao ,&nbsp;Houyu Zhong ,&nbsp;Qinghai Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><p>Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of infectious death worldwide, The potential for nucleic acid residue on bronchoscopes to cause false positive results in molecular diagnostic methods and subsequently lead to tuberculosis misdiagnosis has long perplexed clinical.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We utilized Xpert MTB/RIF to analyze the liquid collected after bronchoscope washing, employed by patients either with or without active pulmonary tuberculosis, and subjected to standard reprocessing (SR) or intensive reprocessing (IR) procedures. The IR procedure included specialized training and the provision of patient information to cleaning staff before the SR procedure, and repeated washing and suction of the bronchoscope with sterilized water post SR procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>55 participants enrolled in the study were divided into three groups: SR group (n = 28), IR group(n = 14), and the control group(n = 13). Among the 55 enrolled patients, neither Mycobacterium tuberculosis nor contamination was detected by MIGT 960 liquid culture in the washing liquid. The positive rate of MTB/RIF in the SR group (12/28) was significantly higher than that in the IR group (1/14), with a statistically significant difference observed between them (42.86 % vs. 7.14 %, P=0.018).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Nucleic acid residue on reusable bronchoscopes cleaned via the SR procedure was found to potentially cause false positives in MTB/RIF tests. Reprocessing bronchoscopes via the IR procedure was effective in significantly reducing nucleic acid residue, although complete elimination was not achieved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000639/pdfft?md5=3f8ddafd8f567849a17b648cc8c48070&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000639-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition and unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment among people with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Uganda: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Samuel Engoru ,&nbsp;Francis Bajunirwe ,&nbsp;Jonathan Izudi","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><p>Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a significant public health challenge to the control and successful eradication of TB globally. Suboptimal treatment outcomes are common among persons with MDR-TB necessitating a need to understand the contextual factors.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We determined the factors associated with unsuccessful TB treatment among persons with MDR-TB at a large TB Unit in Central Uganda.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively reviewed medical records for all persons with MDR-TB at Mubende Regional Referral Hospital MDR-TB Clinic in Central Uganda. The patients were treated with either second-line, modified second-line, or individualized anti-TB regimens and completed treatment between January 2012 and October 2023. The primary outcome was unsuccessful TB treatment defined as death, treatment failure, or loss to follow-up and measured as a binary outcome. We used a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis to determine the factors independently associated with unsuccessful TB treatment at a 5 % statistical significance level. We reported the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and the 95 % confidence interval (CI).</p></div><div><h3>Measurements and results</h3><p>We analyzed data from 98 persons with MDR-TB who were aged 15–78 years (mean 36.4 ± 15.4 years). Of these, 40 (40.8 %) were cured, 25 (25.5 %) completed TB treatment, 1 (1.0 %) had treatment failure, 13 (13.3 %) died, and 19 (19.4 %) were lost to follow-up. Overall, 33 (33.7 %) participants had unsuccessful TB treatment which was associated with older age for a 1-year increase in age (aOR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.01–1.09), malnutrition—mid-upper arm circumference of &lt;12.5 cm (aOR 2.99, 95 % CI 1.16–7.98), and previous TB treatment (aOR 0.28, 95 % CI 0.10–0.77).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Unsuccessful TB treatment is high among persons with MDR-TB at this TB Unit. It is more likely as age advances and when persons with MDR-TB have malnutrition, but less likely when they have been previously treated for TB. Therefore, interventions to improve treatment outcomes may be beneficial for persons with MDR-TB who are older, malnourished, and those newly diagnosed with the disease. For example, routine nutritional assessment and counseling, including nutritional support for malnourished persons with MDR-TB may be needed to optimize their TB treatment success.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000640/pdfft?md5=dbc35999a5e1d0abc3b0e457d0979b7d&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000640-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis in Alameda County: Ten-year incidence and risk factors","authors":"Rachel Marusinec ,&nbsp;Tessa Clifton ,&nbsp;Amit S. Chitnis ,&nbsp;Devan Jaganath","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis (APT) may reflect delays in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and contribute to ongoing disease transmission and poor outcomes. We characterized trends and factors associated with APT over ten years in a high TB-burden county within the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We evaluated microbiologically and clinically confirmed TB cases reported to the Alameda County Public Health Department during 2010–2019. APT was defined as the presence of cavitation on chest imaging and positive acid-fast bacilli sputum smear. Over the ten-year period, we determined overall incidence and annual trends, and conducted multivariable logistic regression to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with APT.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 997 cases with pulmonary TB, of which 128 (12.8 %) had APT. The 10-year incidence of APT was 8.8 cases per 100,000, with no significant change in proportion over time. The median age of cases with APT were 50 years (IQR 32–61), 68 % were male, and 78.9 % were non-US-born. On multivariable assessment, APT cases were more likely than non-APT cases to use drugs in the past year (aOR 2.43, 95 % CI 1.10–35.09), to have diabetes (aOR 2.51, 95 % CI: 1.59–3.96), and be HIV negative (aOR 9.32 versus HIV positive, 95 % CI 1.87–169.77). While US nativity was not significantly associated with APT, it was an effect modifier. In stratified analysis, APT was more likely among those with drug-use in the last year among US-born, while diabetes was associated with APT among non-US-born individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>APT remains a substantial proportion of TB cases. Efforts to increase awareness and access to care are needed for key risk groups including those with recent drug use or diabetes, with consideration of cultural and linguistic factors given differences by US nativity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000627/pdfft?md5=935412d46d636ba3f6a985d0866e9f0b&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000627-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with tuberculosis drug resistance among presumptive multidrug resistance tuberculosis patients identified in a DRTB surveillance study in western Kenya","authors":"Albert Okumu ,&nbsp;James Orwa ,&nbsp;Ruth Sitati ,&nbsp;Isaiah Omondi ,&nbsp;Ben Odhiambo ,&nbsp;Jeremiah Ogoro ,&nbsp;George Oballa ,&nbsp;Benjamin Ochieng ,&nbsp;Steve Wandiga ,&nbsp;Collins Ouma","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by <em>M. tuberculosis</em> (<em>Mtb</em>) with resistance to the first-line anti-TB medicines isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF). In Western Kenya, there is reported low prevalence of drug resistant strains among HIV tuberculosis patients, creating a need to determine factors associated with drug resistance patterns among presumptive MDR-TB patients. To determine factors associated with drug resistance patterns among presumptive MDR-TB patients in western Kenya. Three hundred and ninety (3<!--> <!-->9<!--> <!-->0) sputum sample isolates from among presumptive multidrug TB patients, were analyzed for TB drug resistance as per Ministry of Health (MoH) TB program diagnostic algorithm. Frequency and percentages were used to summarize categorical data while median and interquartile range (IQR) were used for continuous data. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with TB drug resistance. Out of 390 participants enrolled, 302/390 (77.4 %) were males, with a median age of 34 years. The HIV-infected were 118/390 (30.3 %). Samples included 322 (82.6 %) from presumptive patients, while 68/390 (17.4 %) were either lost to follow-up patients, failures to first-line treatment or newly diagnosed cases. A total of 64/390 (16.4 %) of the isolates had at least some form of drug resistance. Out of 390, 14/390 (3.6 %) had MDR, 12 (3.1 %) were RIF mono-resistance, 34 (8.7 %) had INH, while 4 (1 %) had ethambutol resistance. The category of previously treated patients (those who received or are currently on TB treatment) had a 70 % reduced likelihood of resistance (aOR: 0.30; 95 % CI: 0.13–0.70). In contrast, older age was associated with an increased likelihood of resistance to INH and RIF, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.04 per year (95 % CI: 1.00–1.08). Prompt MDR-TB diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient care, management, and disease prevention and control. We recommend active surveillance on drug resistant TB in these regions to detect drug resistance patterns for rapid disease management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000536/pdfft?md5=7b2b02de9f953b8195ed23b9e43f47c3&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000536-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance profile and prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Western Iran using spoligotyping method","authors":"Soroush Borji ,&nbsp;Sara Kooti ,&nbsp;Rashid Ramazanzadeh ,&nbsp;Sepide Kadivarian ,&nbsp;Sara Atashi ,&nbsp;Parviz Mohajeri","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease with multiple manifestations and gradual progression that remains a major health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. In recent years, a number of DNA fingerprinting techniques have been developed to identify strains of the <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (MTB) complex. Spoligotyping is one of the first PCR-based genotyping methods. Information on the number and identification of common strains among MTB complex samples in clinical samples from Kermanshah city is needed to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.</p><p>This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 41 sample patients with TB referred to Kermanshah Tuberculosis Centre between December 2021 and June 2022, including sputum, aspiration, urine, etc. First, the susceptibility of the developed bacteria to culture media was compared with that of isoniazid using the proportional method, and rifampin was determined according to the standard protocol. Demographic data of patients referred to the Centre for the Control of Lung Diseases were also recorded.</p><p>In the next step, spoligotyping was carried out using the standard method and each strain pattern was recorded as an OCTAL code and compared with the information available at the World Bank on spoligotyping and its strains. Forty-one patients with pulmonary TB were tested using spoligotyping. Four MTB strains were identified, including H4, CAS, T1 and H1.</p><p>The H4 strain also had the highest frequency with 16 samples (39%) among the MTB complex strains isolated using spoligotyping.</p><p>The highest frequency of strains isolated using spoligotyping was associated with the H4 strain. It can be concluded that spoligotyping is very cost effective, simple, repeatable and highly sensitive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000548/pdfft?md5=76f39348ba153eeab2f14e31eca9d413&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000548-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}