Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and treatment outcome of infected patients with pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii: A systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Mycobacterium kansasii</em> (<em>M. kansasii</em>) is a non-tuberculosis bacterium with a highly prevalent that is transferred by aerosols from water and soil resources to the respiratory system. <em>M. kansasii</em> is one of the main species responsible for NTM pulmonary disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were systematically explored. Relevant articles from 1971 to November 2023 were reviewed. “The inclusion criteria” included patients with <em>M. kansasii</em> infection, treatment follow-up, and treatment outcomes. “The exclusion criteria” were clinical samples from animals, environmental samples, and other laboratory investigations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>40 studies, including 1201 patients, were obtained through database search. Using the therapeutic regimens used in different studies, the therapy course for patients with <em>M. kansasii</em> infection ranged from 1 week to 118 months. In this study, the antibiotics prescribed in different treatment regimens for <em>M. kansasii</em> pulmonary infection were as follows: Rifampin, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Clarithromycin, Streptomycin, and Pyrazinamide. Antibiotic combinations of three or four medicines, including rifampin, ethambutol, and isoniazid with or without streptomycin or pyrazinamide had the most therapeutic effect.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The initial treatment involves rifampin, ethambutol, isoniazid, and pyridoxine, per the guidelines from the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Understanding the treatment plan and its outcomes is crucial for managing and determining the most effective therapy approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000500/pdfft?md5=372c114e41416f06143989227f90c4e5&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000500-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacology of emerging drugs for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (TB) remains the leading cause of infection-related mortality worldwide. Drug resistance, need for multiple antimycobacterial agents, prolonged treatment courses, and medication-related side effects are complicating factors to TB cure. The introduction of treatment regimens containing the novel agents bedaquiline, pretomanid, and linezolid, with or without moxifloxacin (BPaL-M or BPaL, respectively) have substantially reduced TB-related morbidity and mortality and are associated with favorable rates of treatment completion and cure. This review summarizes key information on the pharmacology and treatment principles for moxifloxacin, bedaquiline, delamanid, pretomanid, linezolid, and tedizolid in the treatment of multi-drug resistant TB, with recommendations provided to address and attenuate common adverse effects during treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000573/pdfft?md5=b9fc4b67cffb682f04449f860d0857f1&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000573-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the efficacy of integrating video-directly observed therapy (VDOT) in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB): A statewide analysis from Florida","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To determine if integrating VDOT into TB therapy demonstrated non-inferiority to direct observation, and if VDOT utilization increased across Florida after the onset of Covid-19.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A statewide programmatic review was conducted of all patients in Florida who initiated tuberculosis treatment between January 2018 – December 2018 and January 2020 – December 2021, as documented by the Florida Department of Health.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>1361 patients received treatment within the analysis timeframe. Therapy completion was 97.2% in those utilizing VDOT compared to 92.3% utilizing only DOT (<em>p=&lt;.001</em>). Average duration of therapy was 220.5 days in the DOT-only cohort compared to 211.1 days with VDOT integration (<em>p=.027</em>). A 176.35% increase in VDOT utilization was seen across Florida during Covid-19.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This is the first and largest state-wide study evaluating the efficacy of integrating VDOT into TB therapy, finding statistically significant improvements in completion and duration of therapy. Despite increased VDOT utilization since the onset of Covid-19, we suspect that multiple barriers may be hindering further integration. VDOT should be recommended as a cost effective, non-inferior alternative to DOT in monitoring the treatment of tuberculosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000585/pdfft?md5=53a81a011b7f7bc2a5244b626b2d383d&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000585-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador: Recent advances and future challenges","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the three leading causes of death from a single infectious agent, <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (MTB), together with COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS. This disease places a heavy burden on countries with low socio-economic development and aggravates existing inequalities. For the year 2021, estimations for Ecuador were 8500 TB cases, of which 370 were associated to multiple drug resistance (TB-MDR), and 1160 deaths. In the same year, Ecuador notified 5973 total cases, 401 of them were TB-MDR, pointing out an under diagnosis problem. The few molecular epidemiology studies available conclude that L4 is the most prevalent MTB lineage in Ecuador (with LAM as the main L4 sublineage), but L2-Beijing family is also present at low prevalence. Nevertheless, with less than 1 % MTB isolates genetically characterized by either MIRU-VNTR, spolygotyping or WGS to date, molecular epidemiology research must me improved to assist the TB surveillance and control program in Ecuador.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000524/pdfft?md5=523e158b4dc2231d00ccc23469b658a7&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000524-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis of isepamicin combination treatments in Mycobacterium abscessus species","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the antimicrobial potency of the combination of isepamicin (ISP) for <em>Mycobacterium abscessus</em> species (MABS). 34 clinical MABS strains were isolated from clinical samples. Of them, 11 (32.4 %) were <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>abscessus</em> (Mab), 22 (64.7 %) were <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>massiliense</em> (Mma), and one (2.9 %) was <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>bolletii</em> (Mbo). We compared susceptibility to sitafloxacin (STFX)-ISP and clarithromycin (CLR)-ISP combinations with those of the antimicrobial agents alone, and synergistic effects were observed in 41.2 % and 17.6 % when treated with STFX-ISP and CLR-ISP. By hierarchical cluster analysis, the isolates divided into treatment-sensitive and treatment-resistant groups. Non-Mma or rough colony isolates were significantly likely to belong to the treatment-sensitive group (p = 0.024, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). These results suggest that the ISP-containing combination could be a new therapeutic strategy for MABS, especially in cases of non-Mma: treatment-refractory subspecies, and rough morphotypes: high-virulence morphotypes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000512/pdfft?md5=b7ba95048e11d7c35e4529da77e36cba&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000512-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant surgical treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: A first case report","authors":"F.R. Bertuccio ,&nbsp;N. Baio ,&nbsp;S. Montini ,&nbsp;V. Ferroni ,&nbsp;V. Chino ,&nbsp;L. Pisanu ,&nbsp;M. Russo ,&nbsp;I. Giana ,&nbsp;A. Cascina ,&nbsp;V. Conio ,&nbsp;C. Primiceri ,&nbsp;G.M. Stella ,&nbsp;A.G. Corsico","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is not considered a known risk factor for non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD), despite that many studies state that incidence is almost equal to other chronic lung diseases. Current standard of care for NTM-LD consists in multidrug antibiotic regimen for several months. However, it results in negative culture conversion in a minority of cases. Therefore, when feasible an adjuvant surgical approach is indicated. In this case report we highlight the importance of multidisciplinary team discussion in providing the best therapeutic strategy in presence of significant comorbidities like chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000494/pdfft?md5=7dcc388511cdb04ad46a5cb91c20af6b&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000494-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis screening for patients on biologic Medications: A Single-Center experience and Society guideline Review, Monroe County, New York, 2018–2021","authors":"Tetsuro Maeda ,&nbsp;Margaret Connolly ,&nbsp;Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ,&nbsp;Paul Levy ,&nbsp;Mark Utell ,&nbsp;Sonal Munsiff ,&nbsp;Daniel Croft","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><p>Biologic medications for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases may increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, but data on screening for TB in low TB prevalence areas are limited.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the real-world practice patterns of TB screening among prescribers of biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective observational study at a single, university-based healthcare facility in a low TB prevalence area. We enrolled adult patients prescribed a biologic medication between October 2018 and December 2021, and collected data on demographics, biologic medications and TB test results. For patients with positive TB tests, further data including prescriber specialty and response to positive tests were obtained. We reviewed pertinent major society guidelines/ consensus statements regarding TB screening among patients treated with biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>4,085 patients were included. 3024 (74.0%) had at least one screening TB test and 42 were positive. Among patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitors, 1779 of 2129 patients (83.6%) underwent TB testing and 25 (1.4%) were positive. Most with positive TB test results were prescribed biologic medication by gastroenterology (11 patients, 26%), dermatology (12, 29%), or rheumatology (15, 36%) providers. 32 (76%) patients had imaging and roughly half were treated for latent TB infection. Biologic medications were temporarily held for 27 patients (67%). Nine out of 13 society guidelines recommend TB screening for TNFα inhibitors but have differing recommendations for other biologic medications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Significant practice pattern differences in TB screening for patients receiving biologic medications exist. Multiple society guidelines continue to recommend TB screening even for drugs with no known increased risk of TB reactivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000470/pdfft?md5=aaa541c0d07cf00d1f7dc63ad5ee8082&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141483898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review: Global host range, case fatality and detection rates of Mycobacterium ulcerans in humans and potential environmental sources","authors":"Serges Tchatchouang ,&nbsp;Chris Andre Mbongue Mikangue ,&nbsp;Sebastien Kenmoe ,&nbsp;Arnol Bowo-Ngandji ,&nbsp;Gadji Mahamat ,&nbsp;Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo ,&nbsp;Donatien Serge Mbaga ,&nbsp;Joseph Rodrigue Foe-Essomba ,&nbsp;Hycenth Numfor ,&nbsp;Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse ,&nbsp;Inès Nyebe ,&nbsp;Jean Bosco Taya-Fokou ,&nbsp;Cromwel Zemnou-Tepap ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Félicité Yéngué ,&nbsp;Jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam ,&nbsp;Larissa Gertrude Djukouo ,&nbsp;Marie Antoinette Kenmegne Noumbissi ,&nbsp;Raoul Kenfack-Momo ,&nbsp;Sabine Aimee Touangnou-Chamda ,&nbsp;Alfloditte Flore Feudjio ,&nbsp;Sara Eyangoh","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fundamental aspects of the epidemiology and ecology of <em>Mycobacterium ulcerans</em> (MU) infections including disease burden, host range, reservoir, intermediate hosts, vector and mode of transmission are poorly understood.<!--> <!-->Understanding the global distribution and burden of MU infections is a paramount to fight against Buruli ulcer (BU). Four databases were queried<!--> <!-->from inception through December 2023. After critical review of published resources on BU, 155 articles (645 records) published between 1987 and 2023 from 16 countries were selected for this review. Investigating BU in from old endemic and new emerging foci has allowed detection of MU in humans, animals, plants and various environmental samples with prevalence from 0 % up to 100 % depending of the study design. A case fatality rate between 0.0 % and 50 % was described from BU patients and deaths occurred in Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burkina Faso and Australia. The prevalence of MU in humans was higher in Africa. Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAAT) and non-NAAT were performed in &gt; 38 animal species. MU has been recovered in culture from possum faeces, aquatic bugs and koala. More than 7 plant species and several environmental samples have been tested positive for MU. This review provided a comprehensive set of data on the updates of geographic distribution, the burden of MU infections in humans, and the host range of MU in non-human organisms. Although MU have been found in a wide range of environmental samples, only few of these have revealed the viability of the <em>mycobacterium</em> and the replicative non-human reservoirs of MU remain to be explored. These findings should serve as a foundation for further research on the reservoirs, intermediate hosts and transmission routes of MU.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000445/pdfft?md5=798db4e4d80baaa6c7f4dc6f71b26dc9&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000445-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients","authors":"Mei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Benyong Yan ,&nbsp;Meixin Ren ,&nbsp;Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant health concern, particularly in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are more susceptible to developing active TB disease. Early and accurate diagnosis of TB is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of transmission. This study aims to evaluate the potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosis of suspected PTB in HIV-infected patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study recruited 60 HIV-infected patients with suspected PTB presenting with respiratory symptoms and abnormal chest radiographs between January 2022 and June 2023. BALF samples were collected and subjected to analysis using MALDI-TOF MS, GeneXpert, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture. And their diagnostic performance was compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sensitivity of MALDI⁃TOFMS for diagnosing PTB was 83.3 %, which was better than that of smear 11.9 %, culture 40.5 % or Xpert38.1 % (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The area under the curve (AUC) value of MALDI⁃TOFMS was 0.889, which was better than that of smear 0.532, culture 0.675 or Xpert 0.690 (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The katG315 and rpoB-RRDR 511 mutations were detected by the MALDI⁃TOFMS in two patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nucleotide MALDI-TOFMS has a good clinical performance for rapid diagnosis of PTB from BALF samples in HIV infected patients, and detects mutations of TB simultaneously.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000469/pdfft?md5=4f39b2acf5cb5f61d2d541743612fd03&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host interactions in the manifestation of tuberculosis","authors":"Shadi Abbasnia ,&nbsp;Amir Mohammad Hashem Asnaashari ,&nbsp;Hiva Sharebiani ,&nbsp;Saman Soleimanpour ,&nbsp;Arman Mosavat ,&nbsp;Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee","doi":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The final step of epigenetic processes is changing the gene expression in a new microenvironment in the body, such as neuroendocrine changes, active infections, oncogenes, or chemical agents. The case of tuberculosis (TB) is an outcome of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (<em>M.tb</em>) and host interaction in the manifestation of active and latent TB or clearance. This comprehensive review explains and interprets the epigenetics findings regarding gene expressions on the host-pathogen interactions in the development and progression of tuberculosis. This review introduces novel insights into the complicated host-pathogen interactions, discusses the challengeable results, and shows the gaps in the clear understanding of <em>M.tb</em> behavior. Focusing on the biological phenomena of host-pathogen interactions, the epigenetic changes, and their outcomes provides a promising future for developing effective TB immunotherapies when converting gene expression toward appropriate host immune responses gradually becomes attainable. Overall, this review may shed light on the dark sides of TB pathogenesis as a life-threatening disease. Therefore, it may support effective planning and implementation of epigenetics approaches for introducing proper therapies or effective vaccines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405579424000457/pdfft?md5=49b803c0909a47e7c7ff0c52a0d64725&pid=1-s2.0-S2405579424000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}