Translational Research in Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Women who will live forever","authors":"Wirginia Likus,&nbsp;Renata Wilk","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The development of anatomy can be contributed to in various ways. Throughout history, anatomy has essentially been governed by men. Little is said about the women without whom the teaching of anatomy would not have been possible - women who donated their bodies so that others could learn from them – women donors.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aims to analyse the donor base, focusing on women donors who joined the Conscious Body Donation Programme at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice and declared donation of their bodies for scientific and teaching purposes. The principles of the Conscious Body Donation Programme in Poland are also discussed using the example of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, which initiated the programme in 2003.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The analysis covered the donors database maintained at the Medical University of Silesia from 2000 till now. The study included such aspects as the number of declarations made, gender, age of donors, number of resignations from the body donation program, and the number of withdrawals by the university from accepting a donor's body. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 2091 donors, 53.12 % were female (n = 1589) and 46.88 % were male (n = 1402). The number of declarations has been steadily increasing since 2000. Analysing the number of declarations made by women - the highest number of declarations was made in 2009 (n = 112), 2017 (n = 191), and 2023 (n = 123 declarations). The average age at which women made declarations was 63.12 ± 13.82 years. The mean age of death was 78 ± 10.48 years with the mean age of death of all donors being 75.7 ± 10.81 years. The minimum age of declaration was 18 years, the maximum was 98 years. When analysing the age ranges in which pledges were made, women were most likely to pledge between 60 and 70 years of age (525 declarations). By 2024, 51 women had resigned from becoming donors. The average age of resignation is 63.75 ± 13.52 years. The minimum age of resignation was 26 years and the maximum was 87 years.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Currently, medical knowledge is growing rapidly. The nobility of donors, including female donors, who choose to donate their bodies for scientific and teaching purposes, reaches far beyond the grave. Such women live on forever remembered by students and then by doctors, physiotherapists, nurses and midwives in a variety of working circumstances often saving human lives, because no teaching aid can illustrate the human body as perfectly as the human body.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000670/pdfft?md5=332da7593f29f64dcbf4e7d5228bf0a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000670-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ulnar variance in MRI: Relations with triangular fibrocartilage complex thickness and angle in Saudi population","authors":"Adel Mohamed Aboregela ,&nbsp;Ayman Alashkar ,&nbsp;Saad Ali M. Alqarni ,&nbsp;Abdullah Fahad Alhalafi ,&nbsp;Jaber Alfaifi ,&nbsp;Hend Abd Elmageed Mohsenah ,&nbsp;Abdullah Ali Alqarni","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evaluating ulnar variance (UV) and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is crucial since they might have dual effects on the wrist structure and function. This study aims to assess some anthropometric measurements of the wrists of the Saudi population using MRI.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 64 wrist normal MR images. Sociodemographic characteristics were retrieved and kept confidential. Image analysis was performed on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine files. UV and TFCC thickness and angle were measured in the same slice. Statistical analysis was conducted, and a significance &lt;0.05 was considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The ages of the selected sample ranged from 18 to 67 years; 45 were males, and 19 were females with 32 right and 32 left wrists. The cases showed 59.4 % negative UV and 40.6 % positive UV (mean ± SD of −2.24 ± 0.55 and 1.59 ± 0.48). TFCC thickness mean ± SD of 2.34 ± 0.61, and its angle mean ± SD of 32.39 ± 4.68. Significant differences were elaborated between the positive and negative UV population in the means of UV, TFCC thickness, and angle (p &lt; 0.001). Also, age-dependent significant differences were detected in the UV value and TFCC thickness (p = 0.042 and 0.013). Correlation and linear regression showed substantial relations between UV and TFCC thickness and angle. Also, TFCC thickness with the angle.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provided a valuable guide for evaluating and managing wrist problems in Saudis and primary data for further investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000682/pdfft?md5=30c7527cea21d9186b852fe8080e0ece&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000682-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and morphometry of the patella in a select Black South African sample","authors":"Nelisiwe Mzimela ,&nbsp;Brenda Zola De Gama ,&nbsp;Ziphozethu Ndlazi ,&nbsp;Sundika Ishwarkumar-Govender ,&nbsp;Pamela Pillay","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>For many years, sex determination has been achieved through analysis of skeletal remains in forensic medicine. The patella can be utilized for sex determination in the absence (or damage) of the cranium, upper and lower limbs, and pelvic bones. Additionally, understanding the patella's morphology and morphometry is essential for diagnosing and treating injuries and disorders of the knee joint, as well as knee arthroplasty and patella ligament grafting (Medeiros et al., 2001). This study reviewed the morphology and morphometry of the patella in a Black African population of KwaZulu-Natal and determined if a correlation between the parameters of the patellae and sex exists.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>154 dry patellae belonging to a South African black population group were utilized to review their morphology and morphometry. The classifications of Wiberg (1941) and Borges et al. (2016) were adapted for the morphology. The seven morphometric measurements were adapted from Dayal and Bidmos (2005) and Borges et al. (2016). A <em>p</em>-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>According to the Wiberg classification: Type 1 patellae were least prevalent (1.9 %), while Type 2 were most common with an incidence of 59.7 %. No statistical difference was recorded with sex (<em>p</em>-value = 0.517). According to Borges et al. (2016) classification: Type 1 (triangular-shaped) patellae were most prevalent in males and females (72.7 %) and Type 3 (irregular shape) patellae were least common in this study. A statistically significant difference between Borges et al. (2016) classification scheme (shape of the patella) and sexes was recorded (<em>p</em>-value = 0.003). A statistically significant relationship between morphometric parameters of the patella and sex was also recorded (<em>p</em>-value &lt;0.001). Patella measurements were greater in males than in females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this study, the patella displayed sexually dimorphic morphological and morphometric characteristics, which indicated that the patella may be used for sex determination in forensic cases with the KwaZulu-Natal population of South Africa, in addition to clinical applications such as knee arthroplasty, patellar ligament grafting, prosthesis synthesis, and patellar implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000633/pdfft?md5=2556291b6a2571fc20bacc79e3c8693e&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000633-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential teratogenic effect of prenatal dexamethasone administration on palate development: Experimental study in rats","authors":"Wafaa Yahia Alghonemy ,&nbsp;Abdelmonem Awad Hegazy ,&nbsp;Fayig Elmigdadi ,&nbsp;Gamal Abdel Nasser Atia ,&nbsp;Mai Badreldin Helal","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The interaction of cell populations and synchronization of cell signaling pathways during craniofacial development can cause malformations such as facial clefts when interrupted by teratogenic agents including synthetic corticosteroids. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potentially disturbing dexamethasone (Dex) effect on palatal shelf development in rat embryos and the possible reasons for this teratogenic potential in relation to fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) as well as FGF10 receptor2 (FGFR2) signaling.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty pregnant rats were used, which were then randomly categorized into three groups of ten animals each: the control group, where pregnant rats received no treatment, Sham group in which pregnant rats were injected subcutaneously with saline (0.4 mg/kg body weight) during the mid-pregnancy period at gestational day 9–14, and Dex-treated group, where pregnant rats received 0.4 mg/kg of Dex at mid-gestational period. Pregnant animals from all groups were sacrificed on day 20 of gestation before birth and the fetuses were removed for examination of the palatal shelves using a light microscope (LM). In addition, a real-time polymerase chain reaction and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were done to evaluate FGF10 and its receptor FGFR2 gene expression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cleft palate incidence rates in the groups of embryos were determined. Only the offspring in the Dex group showed a cleft palate. Moreover, the cleft palate incidence rate in the Dex group was significantly different compared to controls. Moreover, a significant decrease in FGF10 and FGFR2 expression levels was reported in the Dex group than in the controls.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Dex treatment in mid-gestation may increase the incidence of cleft palate development, which may be due to modulation of FGF signaling. This calls for caution when using this medication in the first half of pregnancy unless absolutely necessary and under close medical supervision.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000621/pdfft?md5=950ce00a7ce209bc7e4a9eb47c7ab9d0&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000621-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agenesis of the vermiform appendix in a South African population: A case series","authors":"Aleisha J. Singh ,&nbsp;Ezra E. Anirudh ,&nbsp;Lelika Lazarus","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The vermiform appendix is a highly variable vestigial organ among different individuals. Despite the common embryological process, there are congenital abnormalities of the vermiform appendix such as duplicity and agenesis. Agenesis is a rare occurrence in which the vermiform appendix is absent; however, there is no effect on the individual.</p></div><div><h3>Case information</h3><p>Six cases of appendicular agenesis within a select adult South African population are reported. Type <em>III</em> appendicular agenesis was prevalent (83.33 %). There was one case of type <em>V</em> appendicular agenesis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the vermiform appendix can assist the clinician during intra-abdominal surgeries. It will ensure thorough preparation as agenesis is an anomalous occurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X2400061X/pdfft?md5=2664937a4928442c949f79a3218a337b&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X2400061X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient and cost-effective methods framework for performing biomechanical analysis on cadaveric skeletal muscle","authors":"Jay J. Byrd ,&nbsp;Ethan L. Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The structure and arrangement of skeletal muscle fibers is the primary determinant of muscle function. While analysis of morphologic parameters to elucidate muscle structure-function relationships dates to the 17th century, considerable variability in methodology and technique to quantify these relationships exists within the literature. Additionally, applications to assess the impact of non-typical musculoskeletal morphologies on structure-function relationships are limited. This study aims to assemble and present a practical, step-by-step framework of combined methods and techniques for efficiently analyzing biomechanical impacts of cadaveric skeletal muscles.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Existing skeletal muscle biomechanical formulas and experimentally determined parameters for typical fast-acting skeletal muscle were identified in the literature. The methods framework was assembled as a stepwise protocol that includes mathematical formulas, referenced accepted values, optional steps, section breaks, suggested techniques, important notes and footnotes, and materials needed for collecting necessary measurements. Proof of concept was achieved with primary histological data and imaging, along with references to examples where the methods have been successfully applied.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The assembled framework presents an ordered process for measuring skeletal muscle parameters, calculating the maximal isometric force of a skeletal muscle, and applying that data to understand musculoskeletal mechanics. Histology data, imaging, and a summary of studies that have successfully applied the framework methods provide visual aids and validation for the methods.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study presents an efficient and convenient framework of combined methods and techniques for investigators to evaluate the biomechanical impact of skeletal muscles. The practical use of this framework should optimize project efficiency and spending, increase study rigor, and minimize procedural variation across different studies. This report may serve as a foundational resource for researchers studying cadaveric muscle biomechanics, and its use especially adds translational clinical value to case analyses of non-typical musculoskeletal morphologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000591/pdfft?md5=7d77775b9746e70944d0035a8f578cbc&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000591-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angular force mechanics of bilateral accessory piriformis muscles with unilateral Type II sciatic nerve involvement","authors":"Alec J. Steever,&nbsp;Ethan L. Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The piriformis muscle coordinates external rotation and abduction of the thigh. The superior gluteal and sciatic nerves characteristically enter the gluteal region just superior and inferior to the piriformis, respectively. Variations in piriformis morphology can lesion these nerves but reports of concurrent piriformis aberrations with biomechanical analysis are scarce. The objective of the present study is to investigate a case of bilateral accessory piriformis muscles with concomitant unilateral sciatic nerve involvement via gross examination, biomechanical analyses of angular force mechanics, and intermuscular architectural comparability analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The present case was discovered during routine human cadaver dissection. The aberrations were cleaned and photographed in situ. Attachment angles of the accessory piriformis muscles and split piriformis belly to the force axis of the typical piriformis were measured and recorded. The mean length of observed sarcomeres in each muscle was measured via light microscopy to calculate normalized maximal isometric forces (<em>F</em>_<em>max</em>) and atypical force vectors on the common piriformis tendon. An intermuscular architectural comparability analysis was also performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The left and right accessory piriformis muscles (<em>F</em>_<em>max</em> = 6.52 N and 8.62 N) originated on the gluteal surfaces and inserted onto the tendons of the piriformis muscles (<em>F</em>_<em>max</em> = 46.25 N and 42.44 N) at 30.1° and 39.5°, respectively. Notably, the superior gluteal nerve coursed between the two piriformis muscles. Concurrently, the superior (common fibular) segment of the left sciatic nerve coursed through piriformis (Type II presentation), separating a small muscular belly (<em>F</em>_<em>max</em> = 3.14 N) which joined the piriformis tendon at 30.3° inferiorly, was architecturally similar to both accessory piriformis muscles, and generated 1.46 N of compressive force on the nerve.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Accessory piriformis muscles can influence ipsilateral hip mechanics by imposing atypical angular forces on the piriformis tendon and may instigate contralateral hip instability during the swing phase of the gait cycle (Trendelenburg sign) by lesioning the superior gluteal nerve. Concomitant aberrations, such as a Type II piriformis-sciatic complex, could also compress the sciatic nerve and elicit piriformis syndrome sequalae (e.g., sciatica). This case report may inform medical educators, clinicians, and anatomy researchers about these and other piriformis aberrations when deliberating related cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000608/pdfft?md5=9b8c6e66cfba8e40ca13cb92e5a26358&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000608-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation is the rule: Insights about translational research on anatomical variations","authors":"Ethan L. Snow","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000578/pdfft?md5=2af6582a19592eeaee017a7dd1ffd38b&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000578-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The semispinalis capitis muscle skull attachment as a superficial external landmark for the location of the transverse dural venous sinuses","authors":"Lané Prigge ,&nbsp;Jakobus W. Hoffman ,&nbsp;Lunga C. Bam ,&nbsp;Gerda Venter","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Identifiable superficial external landmarks can be used to determine the exact location of the internally located dural venous sinuses, for neurosurgical procedures. Several studies have been conducted to determine a standard method or a consistent reliable landmark, but all reported variations and inconsistencies with the examined landmarks. This study evaluated the relationship between the attachment site of the semispinalis capitis muscles on the external aspect of the skull and the internally located transverse dural venous sinuses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fifty-one South African skulls were used in this study. The Micro-focus X-ray Radiography and Tomography (MIXRAD) system at Necsa (Nuclear Energy Corporation South Africa) was used to scan and create three-dimensional images of each skull specimen. Pre-determined reference points were placed on the reconstructed images with the VGStudio Max volume rendering software. The relevant distances and locations of the reference points were measured and documented.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The muscle attachment site was located inferior to the transverse sinuses in all the skulls with a mean distance of 15.99 mm (left side) and 19.43 mm (right side). A statistically significant difference was found between all the measurements comparing the left- and right sides, however, no such difference was found between males and females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The apical attachment of the semispinalis capitis muscle is a good indicator for the internally located transverse dural venous sinus. This study indicates that a point of entry 8–10 mm inferior to this muscle attachment site be used, for safe access to the internal aspect of the posterior cranium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X2400058X/pdfft?md5=d6b6a8c94dd8e5d62c90a15d45399967&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X2400058X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations of the abductor pollicis longus tendon and its insertion in the Thai population: Cadaveric study with clinical relevance","authors":"Vilai Chentanez ,&nbsp;Krittameth Pasiphol ,&nbsp;Sithiporn Agthong ,&nbsp;Napatpong Thamrongskulsiri ,&nbsp;Sirikorn Dokthien ,&nbsp;Thanasil Huanmanop ,&nbsp;Tanat Tabtieang","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon exhibits significant anatomical variability, which is crucial for understanding its clinical implications in surgeries involving the thumb. While several studies have documented these variations in different populations, a systematic classification providing insights for surgical interventions targeting the thumb and its associated anatomical structures is rare.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cadaveric study involved the dissection of 87 upper extremities from 44 embalmed cadavers (22 males, 22 females). The APL tendons were meticulously dissected, and the number of tendons slips and their insertion sites were recorded. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to assess differences in insertion sites between sexes and sides.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of APL tendon slips distal to the first extensor compartment ranged from 1 to 5, with double slips being the most common configuration. The primary insertion site was consistently the base of the first metacarpal bone, observed in all specimens. Secondary insertion sites included the abductor pollicis brevis muscle (67.82 %), trapezium (17.24 %), opponens pollicis muscle (5.75 %), and proximal phalanx (2.30 %). Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the insertion sites between sides and sexes. A new classification system for APL tendon slips was developed, categorizing them into three main types (Type I, II, III), and two minor types (Type IV and V), based on the number and insertion sites of the tendons. Type II with double tendon slips was the most prevalent (48.28 %). Symmetrical findings were found in 21 cases (48.84 %), with subtype IIb being the most common pattern.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlights significant anatomical variations of the APL tendon in the Thai population, with important clinical implications for surgical planning and treatment of thumb-related conditions. The proposed classification system provides a structured framework for understanding these variations, aiding in the diagnosis and surgical management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000566/pdfft?md5=6f7a1bffbabff4a4286c40a09addf7be&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000566-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141954034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}