Reviews in Physics最新文献_第5页

XYZ states: An experimental point-of-view XYZ陈述:实验的观点

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2022.100070

Giulio Mezzadri , Stefano Spataro

引用次数: 0

Advances in Multi-Variate Analysis Methods for New Physics Searches at the Large Hadron Collider 大型强子对撞机新物理搜索多变量分析方法的进展

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100063

Anna Stakia , Tommaso Dorigo , Giovanni Banelli , Daniela Bortoletto , Alessandro Casa , Pablo de Castro , Christophe Delaere , Julien Donini , Livio Finos , Michele Gallinaro , Andrea Giammanco , Alexander Held , Fabricio Jiménez Morales , Grzegorz Kotkowski , Seng Pei Liew , Fabio Maltoni , Giovanna Menardi , Ioanna Papavergou , Alessia Saggio , Bruno Scarpa , Andreas Weiler

{"title":"Advances in Multi-Variate Analysis Methods for New Physics Searches at the Large Hadron Collider","authors":"Anna Stakia , Tommaso Dorigo , Giovanni Banelli , Daniela Bortoletto , Alessandro Casa , Pablo de Castro , Christophe Delaere , Julien Donini , Livio Finos , Michele Gallinaro , Andrea Giammanco , Alexander Held , Fabricio Jiménez Morales , Grzegorz Kotkowski , Seng Pei Liew , Fabio Maltoni , Giovanna Menardi , Ioanna Papavergou , Alessia Saggio , Bruno Scarpa , Andreas Weiler","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Between the years 2015 and 2019, members of the Horizon 2020-funded Innovative Training Network named “AMVA4NewPhysics” studied the customization and application of advanced multivariate analysis methods and statistical learning tools to high-energy physics problems, as well as developed entirely new ones. Many of those methods were successfully used to improve the sensitivity of data analyses performed by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the CERN Large Hadron Collider; several others, still in the testing phase, promise to further improve the precision of measurements of fundamental physics parameters and the reach of searches for new phenomena. In this paper, the most relevant new tools, among those studied and developed, are presented along with the evaluation of their performances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405428321000095/pdfft?md5=a17b8f3dedabe74d62b4b07fc2b9ffab&pid=1-s2.0-S2405428321000095-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46911332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Polarization of arbitrary charge distributions: The classical electrodynamics perspective 任意电荷分布的极化:经典电动力学视角

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100061

Igor Tsukerman

{"title":"Polarization of arbitrary charge distributions: The classical electrodynamics perspective","authors":"Igor Tsukerman","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The conventional definition of electric polarization as the “dipole moment per unit volume” is valid only for the special case of well-separated dipoles. An alternative general approach is to view polarization as a characteristic not of a single charge distribution but rather of an adiabatic transition between two nearby states. Polarization can then be rigorously defined as the integral of the current density over that transition. In contrast with the “Modern Theory of Polarization,” which is fully quantum-mechanical, in this paper polarization is considered from the classical perspective. Such treatment is less fundamental but simpler, has pedagogical advantages and, importantly, is subject to fewer constraints. Polarization can be rigorously and unambiguously defined for periodic or nonperiodic charge distributions, finite or infinite, microscale or macroscale, electrically neutral or non-neutral, continuous or discrete, at any temperature; polarization can be spontaneous or induced. A previous classical (non-quantum) analysis by Russakoff (Am J Phys 1970) was (i) limited to the Clausius–Mossotti/Lorenz–Lorentz model of molecular dipoles, and (ii) involves multipole expansions, which the analysis of this paper shows to be redundant.</p><p>The traditional dipole model of polarization is a straightforward special case of the proposed definition. A number of illustrative examples are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405428321000083/pdfft?md5=91fb0b9e07b609fab2591631c18165d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2405428321000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48836545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Collective lattice resonances: Plasmonics and beyond 集体晶格共振:等离子体及其他

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100051

Anton D. Utyushev , Vadim I. Zakomirnyi , Ilia L. Rasskazov

{"title":"Collective lattice resonances: Plasmonics and beyond","authors":"Anton D. Utyushev , Vadim I. Zakomirnyi , Ilia L. Rasskazov","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Engineering nanostructures with exceptionally high-Q resonances mediated by the Fano-type hybridization between discrete states associated with the periodicity of the structure and broadband resonances excited on constituent scatterers are the emerging field in optics and photonics. These collective lattice resonances (CLRs) attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to a number of their exciting applications in sensing, optical filtering, structural color printing, fluorescence enhancement, nanoscale lasing, and nonlinear optics, which resulted in a rapidly growing number of fundamental and experimental studies. CLRs have been discovered for arrays of plasmonic metal nanoparticles with strong electric dipole resonances nearly four decades ago. Thereafter, the scope of CLRs has gradually extended to all-dielectric and magneto-optical nanoparticles, 2D materials and other types of constituents, which has broadened the range of CLRs applicability and enriched their properties. We provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in this field with a special emphasis on advances far beyond plasmonics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.revip.2021.100051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48542461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

BaBiO3—From single crystals towards oxide topological insulators 从单晶到氧化物拓扑绝缘体

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100056

Rosa Luca Bouwmeester, Alexander Brinkman

{"title":"BaBiO3—From single crystals towards oxide topological insulators","authors":"Rosa Luca Bouwmeester, Alexander Brinkman","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2021.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>BaBiO<sub>3</sub> is an oxide perovskite with a wide variety of interesting properties. It was expected that the compound would behave like a metal. However, experiments revealed that BaBiO<sub>3</sub> is not metallic, which started an extensive debate about the mechanism responsible for this insulating behavior. The two most important conjectures in this debate are charge disproportionation of the Bi ion into 3+ and 5+ cations and bond hybridization of the Bi 6<em>s</em> and O 2<em>p</em> orbitals. Both mechanisms induce a breathing mode of the oxygen octahedra, which is experimentally observed in single crystals and thin films. Recently, ultra-thin BaBiO<sub>3</sub> films were studied with the aim of suppressing the breathing mode, which was expected to result in re-emergence of metallicity. However, this expectation was not confirmed so far. Furthermore, theoretical calculations predict that BaBiO<sub>3</sub> becomes a topological insulator (TI) when doped with electrons. Since high-temperature superconductivity was observed when doping the compound with holes, an interface between a superconductor and a TI can be established within the same parent compound. In this Review, we discuss the theoretical and experimental findings concerning the mechanism responsible for the unexpected insulating behavior of BaBiO<sub>3</sub> for both single crystals and thin films. An overview is given of the current state of the art and the experimental challenges of achieving an oxide topological insulating state in BaBiO<sub>3</sub>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.revip.2021.100056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Future colliders for the high-energy frontier 高能前沿的未来对撞机

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100053

Heather M. Gray

引用次数: 5

A point electric dipole: From basic optical properties to the fluctuation–dissipation theorem 点电偶极子:从基本光学性质到涨落耗散定理

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2020.100047

Alexander E. Moskalensky, Maxim A. Yurkin

{"title":"A point electric dipole: From basic optical properties to the fluctuation–dissipation theorem","authors":"Alexander E. Moskalensky, Maxim A. Yurkin","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2020.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2020.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We comprehensively review the deceptively simple concept of dipole scattering in order to uncover and resolve all ambiguities and controversies existing in the literature. First, we consider a point electric dipole in a non-magnetic environment as a singular point in space whose sole ability is to be polarized due to the external electric field. We show that the postulation of the Green’s dyadic of the specific form provides the unified description of the contribution of the dipole into the electromagnetic properties of the whole space. This is the most complete, concise, and unambiguous definition of a point dipole and its polarizability. All optical properties, including the fluctuation–dissipation theorem for a fluctuating dipole, are derived from this definition. Second, we obtain the same results for a small homogeneous sphere by taking a small-size limit of the Lorenz–Mie theory. Third, and most interestingly, we generalize this microscopic description to small particles of arbitrary shape. Both bare (static) and dressed (dynamic) polarizabilities are defined as the double integrals of the corresponding dyadic transition operator over the particle’s volume. While many derivations and some results are novel, all of them follow from or are connected with the existing literature, which we review throughout the paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.revip.2020.100047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47978648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Graphene plasmon for optoelectronics 光电子用石墨烯等离子体

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2021.100054

Lin Cui , Jingang Wang , Mengtao Sun

引用次数: 47

Higgs boson potential at colliders: Status and perspectives 希格斯玻色子在对撞机中的潜力:现状和前景

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2020.100045

Biagio Di Micco , Maxime Gouzevitch , Javier Mazzitelli , Caterina Vernieri

{"title":"Higgs boson potential at colliders: Status and perspectives","authors":"Biagio Di Micco , Maxime Gouzevitch , Javier Mazzitelli , Caterina Vernieri","doi":"10.1016/j.revip.2020.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revip.2020.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This document summarises the current theoretical and experimental status of the di-Higgs boson production searches, and of the direct and indirect constraints on the Higgs boson self-coupling, with the wish to serve as a useful guide for the next years. The document discusses the theoretical status, including state-of-the-art predictions for di-Higgs cross sections, developments on the effective field theory approach, and studies on specific new physics scenarios that can show up in the di-Higgs final state. The status of di-Higgs searches and the direct and indirect constraints on the Higgs self-coupling at the LHC are presented, with an overview of the relevant experimental techniques, and covering all the variety of relevant signatures. Finally, the capabilities of future colliders in determining the Higgs self-coupling are addressed, comparing the projected precision that can be obtained in such facilities. The work has started as the proceedings of the Di-Higgs workshop at Colliders, held at Fermilab from the 4th to the 9th of September 2018, but it went beyond the topics discussed at that workshop and included further developments. FERMILAB-CONF-19-468-E-T, LHCHXSWG-2019-005</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37875,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Physics","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.revip.2020.100045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48060075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 101

Surface waves at metal-dielectric interfaces: Material science perspective 金属-介电界面的表面波:材料科学视角

Reviews in Physics Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.revip.2020.100041

Venu Gopal Achanta

引用次数: 29