S. Mukundan, H. Dhulipati, G. Feng, J. Tjong, N. Kar
{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of Novel Star-Delta Winding Configuration with Odd Slot Numbers for Reduced Space Harmonics Using Winding Function","authors":"S. Mukundan, H. Dhulipati, G. Feng, J. Tjong, N. Kar","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785395","url":null,"abstract":"Existing literature on 3-phase combined star-delta winding topologies only focuses on even slot numbers or conventional multiples of 6, since they emulate a 6-phase configuration with a phase difference of 30° between the star and delta connected sets. Contrarily, if a turns ratio of √3 can be achieved with proper coil and turns distribution, unconventional odd slot numbers and non-multiples of 6 can be implemented resulting in various possible design solutions with minimum spatial harmonic contents. Therefore, this paper focuses on modeling and analysis of a novel star-delta winding configuration using unconventional odd slot numbers for fractional-slot wound machines towards maximum torque density and reduced space harmonic content. Initially, a generalized analytical model using winding function theory for any slot-pole combination is presented. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparative analysis of a novel odd slot-pole combination and a conventional topology is presented in terms of spatial harmonic contents, saliency, torque density, torque ripple, rated machine efficiency and overall operating speed range.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128741562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of Halbach Cycloidal Magnetic Gears with Respect to Torque Density and Gear Ratio","authors":"Hailin Huang, R. Qu, J. Bird","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785259","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the volumetric torque density performance of a radial and an axial cycloidal magnetic gear when using a Halbach magnet rotor typology. The analysis is conducted in order to determine the geometric design rules that yield the highest volumetric torque density. The performance is studied with respect to pole-pair number, orbit length as well as the permanent magnet thickness and pole-pitch. Several parameter design guidelines are presented and shown to be valid regardless of gear ratio. Using 3-D finite element analysis a calculated torque density of up to 463 N.m/L and 475 N.m/L is shown to be achievable for the radial and axial cycloidal magnetic gear typology. The problems with unbalanced radial forces within both the radial and axial cycloidal magnetic gear is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115963142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zhang, Bingnan Wang, M. Kanemaru, Chungwei Lin, Dehong Liu, K. Teo, T. Habetler
{"title":"Quantification of Rolling- Element Bearing Fault Severity of Induction Machines","authors":"S. Zhang, Bingnan Wang, M. Kanemaru, Chungwei Lin, Dehong Liu, K. Teo, T. Habetler","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785225","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristic frequencies of different types of bearing faults can be calculated by a well-defined frequency-based model that depends on the motor speed, the bearing geometry and the specific location of a defect inside a bearing. Therefore, the existence of a bearing fault as well as its specific fault type can be readily determined by performing frequency spectral analyses on the monitored signals. However, this traditional approach, despite being simple and intuitive, is not able to identify the severity of a bearing fault in a quantitatively manner. Moreover, it is often tedious and time-consuming to apply this approach to electric machines with different power ratings, as the bearing fault threshold values need to be manually calibrated for each motor running at every possible speed and carrying any possible load. This paper thus proposes a quantitative approach to estimate a bearing fault severity based on the air gap displacement profile, which is reconstructed from the mutual inductance variation profile estimated from a novel electrical model that only takes the stator current as input. In addition, the accuracy of the electrical model and the estimated bearing fault severity are validated by simulation results. The proposed method can be used to monitor bearing faults in induction machines with any power ratings that operate under any speeds and loads, and a bearing fault alarm will be triggered if the fault severity exceeds a universal threshold value.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114871220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuzheng Chen, S. Bozhko, Linhui Fan, Tao Yang, M. Khowja
{"title":"Decoupled Model for Asymmetrical Dual Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine","authors":"Yuzheng Chen, S. Bozhko, Linhui Fan, Tao Yang, M. Khowja","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785279","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a decoupled modeling method for asymmetrical dual three phase (DTP)permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). Due to the special structure of this machine, traditional decoupled method cannot be applied on it. This paper proposes a new method that applying inverse voltage to two sets of windings and transferring 6 phase model to a symmetrical 3 phase model, which d-q decoupled control can be used. Simulation result shows the equivalent symmetrical model has exact the same dynamic and steady performance with the asymmetrical dual three phase model.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134185080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Annealing on Magnetic Properties of Laminated Stator Cores and Efficiency of Induction Machines","authors":"P. Breining, Abdullah Kahveci, M. Doppelbauer","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785419","url":null,"abstract":"Steel laminations for electric machines are commonly manufactured using punching or laser cutting. The cutting process leads to degraded magnetic properties and therefore reduces the efficiency and the performance of electric machines. This paper presents an experimental approach for quantifying the influence of the manufacturing process as well as the influence of annealing on electrical steel laminations. The magnetic properties of three electrical steel grades are reported for laser cut toroidal cores and for punched stator core laminations. The stator laminations are used to produce three identical induction machine prototypes with a rated power of 4 kilowatt. The machines are measured according to IEC 60404-2-1 and IEC 600404-2-3. We present the influence of material selection on the machine efficiency and we show that the annealing process recovers the magnetic properties of the original material and increases the efficiency of the machine prototype.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116152300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined Winding Structure of a Consequent-Pole Bearingless Motor with Parallel Motor Winding Topology","authors":"Takahiro Noguchi, H. Sugimoto, A. Chiba","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785145","url":null,"abstract":"A novel consequent-pole bearingless motor is proposed with parallel motor windings for mixing applications. This paper includes a unique combined winding structure proposal. In addition, principles of the magnetic suspension force and torque generations are presented. A 22-pole/24-slot structure and a 20-pole/24-slot structure have demonstrated using 3-D finite element analysis (FEA). It is confirmed by calculations that the 20-pole/24-slot structure is more effective to achieve the required specifications.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep Residual Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Temperature Estimation in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors","authors":"Wilhelm Kirchgässner, O. Wallscheid, J. Böcker","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785109","url":null,"abstract":"Most traction drive applications using permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) lack accurate temperature monitoring capabilities so that safe operation is ensured through expensive, oversized materials at the cost of its effective utilization. Classic thermal modeling is conducted with e.g. lumped-parameter thermal networks (LPTNs), which help to estimate internal component temperatures rather precisely but also require expertise in choosing model parameters and lack physical interpretability as soon as their degrees of freedom are curtailed in order to meet the real-time requirement. In this work, deep recurrent and convolutional neural networks with residual connections are empirically evaluated for their feasibility on the sequence learning task of predicting latent high-dynamic temperatures inside PMSMs, which, to the authors' best knowledge, has not been elaborated in previous literature. In a highly utilized PMSM for electric vehicle applications, the temperature profile in the stator teeth, winding, and yoke as well as the rotor's permanent magnets are modeled while their ground truth is available as test bench data. A model hyperparameter search is conducted sequentially via Bayesian optimization across different random number generator seeds in order to evaluate model training consistency and to find promising topologies as well as optimization strategies systematically. It has been found that the mean squared error and maximum absolute deviation performances of both, deep recurrent and convolutional neural networks with residual connections, meet those of LPTNs, without requiring domain expertise for their design. Code is available at [1] to assist related work.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117122068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Pošković, Cristian Babetto, N. Bianchi, L. Ferraris
{"title":"Bonded Magnets in PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Performance Dependence on the Production Technology","authors":"E. Pošković, Cristian Babetto, N. Bianchi, L. Ferraris","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785079","url":null,"abstract":"The versatility and robustness with the low costs, characterize the synchronous reluctance SRM machines. On the other hand, some drawbacks limit the potential of such machines. A solution was found in the use of permanent magnets in the flux barriers. The adoption of traditional regular sintered magnets does not allow a complete filling of the flux barriers, therefore the adoption of bonded magnets has been proposed, and two different production technologies have been analyzed. Three prototype machines have been prepared: Reference SRM and two PM-assisted reluctance. Interesting results have been obtained from experimental tests and compared to FE simulation ones.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114312856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenkun Zhang, Zhenbin Zhang, C. Garcia, José R. Rodríguez, Weiqing Huang, R. Kennel
{"title":"Discussion on Control Methods with Finite-Control-Set Concept for PMSM Drives","authors":"Zhenkun Zhang, Zhenbin Zhang, C. Garcia, José R. Rodríguez, Weiqing Huang, R. Kennel","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785305","url":null,"abstract":"This work closely investigates the generalized relationship among the four popular control methods using Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC)concept for voltage source power converter fed PMSM drivers. The as-investigated control methods include: direct model predictive torque control (DMPTC)in $dq$ frame, direct model predictive current control (DMPCC)in $dq$ frame, direct model predictive current control (DMPCC)in $alphabeta$ frame and direct model predictive flux control (DMPFC)in $alphabeta$ frame. Our conclusion is that, for nonsaliency based PMSM, DMPTC, DMPCC (both in $alphabeta$ and $dq$ frames), DMPFC are theoretically equivalent in achieving the control targets. However, realization effort and computational demands, i.e., the amount calculation required, are different.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122002950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electromagnetic Properties of Soft Magnetic Composites and Electrical Steels at High Frequencies Considering Material Manufacturing Techniques","authors":"D. Gumbleton-Wood, G. Atkinson, L. Sjöberg","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2019.8785071","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive magnetic comparison study is conducted on ring samples comprised of Soft Magnetic Composite (SMC) and electrical steel materials. The testing is performed under DC and AC conditions in an effort to characterize the materials magnetic compatibility for use in the increasingly prevalent research area that is high-speed electrical machines. DC tests show the improved magnetization characteristics for electrical steels emerging from their smooth, unimpeded microstructure. The measured DC characteristics and data obtained from simulation software can be vastly different. The magnitude of which is shown to be over 100 %. High-frequency AC loss measurements find that SMC and particularly thin electrical steel materials maintain a superior performance over thicker laminations at frequencies commonly encountered in high-speed machines. Hysteresis loop measurements highlight the extent of deterioration due to mechanical cutting of each material and a discussion on the possible underlying causes based on material properties is given. Cross-over frequencies of SMC grades over laminations are found to be as low as 68 Hz. AC loss results are compared with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations and highlight the tendency for machine designers to employ a build factor when calculating iron loss during the design stages of a machine. A build factor is simply an error between simulated and measured loss. Errors are shown to be as high as 70 % for lamination materials and 2 % for SMC. FEA clearly does not account for the degradation of materials during cutting. This problem can be addressed with the proposal of new loss coefficients chosen according to the cutting technique and should also be a function of frequency and induction. This is a potential research area for future work.","PeriodicalId":378634,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123001817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}