World Development Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"‘The youth are not given a listening ear’: A critical analysis of the contributions of youth-led civil society organisations to Africa’s development","authors":"Emmanuel Kumi ,&nbsp;Thomas Yeboah ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Edudzie","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dominant narratives around Africa’s youth have underscored them as perpetrators of violent conflicts and lazy individuals who dislike hard work and engage in risky behaviours including gambling and crime. However, an emerging body of knowledge has also highlighted the important role that young people and youth-led civil society organisations (CSOs) can play in promoting sustainable development, conflict transformation and sustainable peacebuilding. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 31 representatives of youth-led CSOs in the Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia and Zimbabwe, this article examines how youth-led CSOs contribute to development in Africa. Our findings indicate that despite the several factors ranging from limited funding opportunities, limited access to authorities and decision-making structures and a lack of organisational capacity, that stand to affect the potential for youth-led CSOs, they are well placed to contribute to three critical areas of developmental issues facing Africa: i) climate change; ii) democratic governance; and iii) civic engagement. Based on these findings, we argue that far from the prior dominant characterisation of young people as perpetrators of violent protests, there is a place for youth-led CSOs to contribute to the sustainable progress of Africa particularly in line with “The Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want” in a highly constrained environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The determinants of multidimensional poverty in the urban slums of Dhaka city","authors":"S.M. Asif Ehsan ,&nbsp;Mazharul Hoque Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Mashnur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md Saifur Rahman Sayeef ,&nbsp;Marufa Ferdausi ,&nbsp;Md Sajadul Alam ,&nbsp;Abdul Hannan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md. Jakariya","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Communities in urban slums that are in dire need of uplifting from poverty are often overlooked in favor of countrywide macroeconomic initiatives to alleviate poverty. The poverty metrics utilized are generally based on income and expenditure. Nevertheless, poverty has a multifaceted nature with absolute and relative components. This paper examines the determinants of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in the urban slum areas, utilizing a household questionnaire survey conducted in the slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. We use the ordered probit regression method, a binary response model, to identify socio-economic, environmental, and climate-change-induced factors affecting different categories of poverty. Our estimation results show that child school attendance, structural vulnerability, use of shared toilets, and the household head’s education level have the most statistically significant impact on the MPI. While the findings from this paper can induce policymakers to take a community-specific approach in the urban slums of Dhaka city, the MPI’s shortcomings in capturing environmental factors increasing the vulnerability of communities to external shocks should not be overlooked.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public and household financing of education in India: are they substitutes or complements?","authors":"Aswathy Rachel Varughese ,&nbsp;Indrajit Bairagya","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the relationship between public and household education expenditures in India from 1987 to 2018, using data from the National Sample Survey. Unlike previous studies that often considered education financing in isolation, this study employs an Intertemporal Utility Maximization framework to estimate the substitutability or complementarity between these expenditures. The analysis is based on the Auspitz-Lieben-Edgeworth-Pareto (ALEP) approach, diverging from the traditional Hicks-Allen method. By doing so, it extends the theoretical literature on the substitutability and complementarity of these expenditures under the ALEP framework. Empirical findings, derived from the Generalised Method of Moments in dynamic panel data analysis, indicate that public and household education expenditures in India are complementary. Specifically, increased public spending on education enhances the marginal utility of household education expenditure. These results are consistent under both linear and non-linear utility function specifications. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of increasing public spending to provide essential amenities, thereby encouraging Indian households to invest more in their children’s education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The socioeconomic effects of Fusarium TR4 on banana producers in Peru","authors":"Thea Ritter ,&nbsp;Jonathan Mockshell ,&nbsp;Diego Álvarez ,&nbsp;Leslie Estefany Mosquera ,&nbsp;Jorge Eliecer Vargas ,&nbsp;Carolina Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> f. sp. <em>cubense</em> Tropical Race 4 (TR4) is spreading throughout South America and the world, threatening the banana industry as it decimates the Cavendish plantations and many other local varieties. This study addresses a major gap in the literature by employing a socioeconomic and cost-benefit analysis to explore the vulnerability of banana producers to TR4 and the financial viability of disease management strategies and potential losses in the event of TR4 spreading within the study area. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with producers and key stakeholders in Piura, Peru, which is Peru’s most important region for producing organic bananas for export. The results show that 45% of farms have TR4 and 10% of banana farms have been completely devastated by TR4. Production, banana sales, income, and food security are lower among producers with TR4 in their plantations. Prevention and mitigation strategies, such as disinfecting shoes, tools, and machinery at farm entrances, are critical and financially viable methods to prevent the spread of TR4. On average, producers without TR4 have a net present value (NPV) of $48,014 per hectare, which is significantly higher than the NPV of $8,535 per hectare for producers affected by TR4, highlighting TR4′s severe economic impact and the need to implement mitigation strategies. Recommendations to the public and private sector to build a banana sector more resilient to TR4 include supporting the implementation of surveillance and mitigation strategies, as well as raising awareness about TR4 and the importance of certified banana seeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Military expenditures and macroeconomic indicators in selected countries of Asia and Africa","authors":"Faisal Jamil,&nbsp;Mayira Sabir","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study examines the impact of fiscal policy by identifying the effect of government military spending on aggregate economic activity. The analysis utilizes panel data from 30 countries spanning the period 2000–2018. We checked the impact of military expenditures on the real effective exchange rate, current account balance, and private consumption. Our sample comprises peaceful and war-ridden countries from the Asian and African continents. The empirical models are estimated separately for Asia and Africa, as well as for countries experiencing both peace and war. The results suggest that military spending shocks have a significant impact on the real exchange rate and current account in peaceful countries. In contrast, the shock has a significant effect on private consumption in war-ridden countries. The military expenditure shock is more detrimental to the current account in Asian countries than in African countries. Military spending is import-based, primarily in developing countries, and is financed through external debt or assistance, which in turn influences exchange rates, private consumption, and the current account balance. For sustained economic growth, the share of military spending needs to be phased out and replaced with civil spending that requires strengthening diplomatic channels and engaging in multilateral trade agreements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has mandatory reporting improved environmental disclosure quality in Indonesia?","authors":"Indah Fajarini Sri Wahyuningrum ,&nbsp;Sriningsih ,&nbsp;Annisa Sila Puspita ,&nbsp;Mochamad Arief Budihardjo ,&nbsp;Amin Chegenizadeh ,&nbsp;Hamid Nikraz","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the evolution of environmental disclosure practices among publicly listed Indonesian companies as they transitioned from voluntary to mandatory sustainability reporting between 2016 and 2022. Using a sample of 767 sustainability reports, the study employed a quantitative content analysis and a weighted scoring system ranging from zero to five, aligned with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 and GRI Standards. This approach enabled an evaluation of the frequency and quality of environmental information disclosed over time. The findings indicate a substantial increase in reporting volume, with sustainability report submissions rising to 69 % between 2020 and 2021. However, this growth did not correspond to improvements in disclosure quality; in fact, the average environmental disclosure score declined by over 40 % during the same period. Supplier environmental assessments were often significantly underreported, while energy use and effluent management were the most frequently disclosed topics. Environmentally sensitive sectors, particularly energy, provided higher quality disclosures (average scores &gt; 0.30), whereas the finance sector produced the most reports but with the lowest average quality (&lt; 0.15). These findings highlight a trend of nominal compliance, suggesting that many companies prioritize regulatory adherence over substantive transparency. This study contributes a longitudinal empirical perspective from a developing context and calls for stronger, sector-specific regulatory enforcement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards community-driven rural development: Path of women group in empowering rural Women’s capacities and role in rural development","authors":"Adzani Ameridyani ,&nbsp;Minori Tokito ,&nbsp;Izuru Saizen","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in rural-development issues demand a shift from a highly centralised to a more decentralised development strategy. The Indonesian government has been implementing programs and policies to promote community-driven development that encourages participatory decision-making processes among marginalised groups, including rural women, at the local level. Whereas the Indonesian government has implemented several policies and programs aimed at promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment, gender-mainstreaming strategies remain inadequately implemented at the local level, particularly in rural communities. Consequently, most women’s participation is limited to instrumental purposes only. This empirical study investigates the role, challenges, and strategy of women groups in decentralising rural development based on an actual case of women’s group formation in Kampung Areng, West Java, Indonesia, known as Kelompok Karya Ibu (KKI). To address the degrading environmental conditions of their village, KKI aims to improve the cattle waste-treatment system using biogas slurry for vermicompost production. KKI’s vermicompost production promotes zero-waste biogas, generates secondary income from vermicompost communal sales, and improves the community social network. Findings from social-network analysis indicate that the KKI’s collective effort not only enhances the socioeconomic status of the members but also contributes to the village’s overall socioeconomic development. KKI’s high betweenness centrality positions it as an intermediary that connects other nodes in Kampung Areng’s social network. KKI bridges relations between local and external actors, thus enabling knowledge and capital distribution from external actors to the Kampung Areng community, and vice versa. Results from ego-network analysis bolstered confidence in KKI’s role in bridging and circulating resources among local and external actors participating in Kampung Areng’s community-based cattle-farming waste management. Based on the case of KKI, our study reinforces previous evidence suggesting the significance of strong bonding in rural-community capacity building, particularly in amplifying the implementation and deliverability of the local initiative. Extending prior research, we discovered that the experience and knowledge obtained from local initiatives, which are bolstered through initial strong community bonding, foster mutual knowledge sharing with external actors, thus resulting in the bridging and linking of social capital. These findings are significant to policymakers, nongovernmental organisations, and other stakeholders involved in promoting rural development and women’s empowerment in rural communities. They highlight the necessity for concerted efforts to promote the participation of rural women in the development and planning process through policies that account for their unique demands and challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term health impacts of the Eritrean-Ethiopian war on young Ethiopian adults","authors":"Yemareshet Hailu Demeke ,&nbsp;Dainn Wie","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eritrean–Ethiopian War (1998–2000), triggered by a border dispute in Badme, caused thousands of deaths and widespread disruption. This study investigates whether in utero exposure to the conflict has long-term effects on young adult health outcomes, focusing on height and BMI measured 16 years after the war. We identify these effects based on individuals’ birth cohorts and their proximity to major conflict sites, using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the Armed Conflict Location &amp; Event Data Project (ACLED). Difference-in-differences estimates reveal a significant and negative impact of in utero conflict exposure on adult height, while effects on BMI are smaller and less consistent. The height effect remains robust to socioeconomic controls, supporting the critical period programming hypothesis. Higher parental socioeconomic status mitigates the adverse effects, suggesting that access to resources offers a protective buffer. We test robustness across alternative conflict measures and functional forms and find little evidence of selective fertility or mortality, though some caution is warranted due to possible selection that remains uncaptured.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doubling: How it is impoverishing a mining community in India","authors":"Prajna Paramita Mishra ,&nbsp;Ch. Sravan ,&nbsp;Sujit Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wide availability of minerals provides a base for the growth and development of the mining sector in India, with coal playing a distinctive role. Despite the adverse environmental and social externalities, the coal-bearing states seek to maximise their mineral revenues. However, these revenues may not always translate into unmitigated benefits for the local communities. This paper attempts to highlight an emerging issue in the Indian mining sector—that of an informal kind of local financing, referred to as “doubling,” and how it affects the community. Insights are drawn from field visits (including consultation workshops, focus group discussions, and immersive discussions) to nine mining villages in the Basundhara area of Sundargarh district in Odisha, a state in eastern India, rich in mineral deposits. The study found that doubling enriches the wealthy lenders and impoverishes the poor borrowers, results in mortal threats issued to the borrower in the event of non-repayment, and disrupts social cohesion within local communities, in terms of the dilemma of whether to accept or reject compensation from mining companies. The study concludes that doubling, an illegal and unethical loan contract, signifies an aspect of the socio-economic mismanagement within mining communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How much of economic growth trickles down to the population in resource-rich countries? evidence from Papua New Guinea","authors":"Paripoorna Baxi,&nbsp;Darian Naidoo,&nbsp;Sharad Tandon","doi":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been substantial growth in the resource sector in PNG during the last resource boom and significant increases in international assistance, both of which might have translated into improved well-being outcomes across the country. To better understand whether these changes improved household-level outcomes, we update estimates of key well-being outcomes in the country. Specifically, we impute monetary poverty status using non-monetary indicators in the 2016–18 Demographic and Health Survey and estimate the World Bank’s Multidimensional Poverty Measure. Despite the significant growth since 2009, monetary poverty and access to several essential services hardly changed, which stands in stark contrast to the substantial improvement across the rest of the world and other comparison regions over the same period. Combined, the results illustrate that it is possible that very little resource-led growth trickles down to the population and that the link between macroeconomic and microeconomic outcomes is more tenuous in PNG than found in other resource-intensive settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37831,"journal":{"name":"World Development Perspectives","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}