Human Microbiome Journal最新文献_第6页

Tetracycline-like resistome of ancient human guts 古代人类肠道中类似四环素的抵抗组

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.07.001

Tasha M. Santiago-Rodriguez , Gino Fornaciari , Stefania Luciani , Gary A. Toranzos , Isolina Marota , Valentina Giuffra , Naseer Sangwan , Raul J. Cano

引用次数: 4

New microbe genomic variants in patients fecal community following surgical disruption of the upper human gastrointestinal tract 上消化道手术中断后患者粪便群落中新的微生物基因组变异

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.002

Ranjit Kumar , Jayleen Grams , Daniel I. Chu , David K. Crossman , Richard Stahl , Peter Eipers , Kelly Goldsmith , Michael Crowley , Elliot J. Lefkowitz , Casey D. Morrow

{"title":"New microbe genomic variants in patients fecal community following surgical disruption of the upper human gastrointestinal tract","authors":"Ranjit Kumar , Jayleen Grams , Daniel I. Chu , David K. Crossman , Richard Stahl , Peter Eipers , Kelly Goldsmith , Michael Crowley , Elliot J. Lefkowitz , Casey D. Morrow","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent studies have shown that microbe strains in normal individuals fecal microbe community are relatively stable over time. Given the role the gut microbe community plays in human health, it is important to understand if disruption of the gastrointestinal tract environment results in emergence of new genomic variants. To address this, we have used a new technique called Window-based single nucleotide similarity (WSS) to analyze the impact of several surgical procedures of the human gastrointestinal tract on the stability of the fecal microbes. Previously, we established a WSS boundary score cutoff to determine if microbe genomic variants were similar. Based on analysis of normal individuals from the Human Microbiome Project, 93% of microbes in paired fecal samples up to 1 year apart were above the cutoff, indicating similar (stable) microbes. For the current study, we analyzed fecal samples from 18 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or 6 patients undergoing gastric sleeve for extreme obesity. From comparison of the pre-RYGB versus 1–2 year post RYGB samples from the same patients, 65% of the WSS were above the boundary cutoff, while for pre versus 1–2 year samples post surgery for patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, 75% of the WSS were above the cutoff. In contrast, analysis of fecal samples from 5 patients pre and post removal of segments of the sigmoid colon revealed that 97% of WSS scores were above the cutoff. Our study establishes emergence of new microbe genomic variants in the fecal community following alteration of the upper gastrointestinal environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43098367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Microbiome and the immune system: From a healthy steady-state to allergy associated disruption 微生物组和免疫系统:从健康的稳定状态到过敏相关的破坏

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.001

Soraya Mezouar , Yannick Chantran , Justin Michel , Alexandre Fabre , Jean-Christophe Dubus , Marc Leone , Youssouf Sereme , Jean-Louis Mège , Stéphane Ranque , Benoît Desnues , Pascal Chanez , Joana Vitte

{"title":"Microbiome and the immune system: From a healthy steady-state to allergy associated disruption","authors":"Soraya Mezouar , Yannick Chantran , Justin Michel , Alexandre Fabre , Jean-Christophe Dubus , Marc Leone , Youssouf Sereme , Jean-Louis Mège , Stéphane Ranque , Benoît Desnues , Pascal Chanez , Joana Vitte","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbiome and the immune system are constantly shaping each other, in a mutual aim to thrive, defining the unstable equilibrium of the healthy individual. Microbiome is growingly involved in dysimmune conditions such as allergy, asthma, autoimmunity, and primary or acquired immune deficiencies. The current epidemics of allergic diseases and asthma has long been linked to the microbial environment through the hygiene hypothesis. Progress in the understanding of the microbiome-immune system crosstalk has unraveled a tight connection between microbial communities and the development of allergic diseases and asthma. Disruption of the microbiome affects the immune response of the host and paves the way for disease pathogenesis. Conversely, disease and therapeutic interventions affect microbial communities. We aimed at providing the reader with a view of the state-of-the art of microbiome – immune system crosstalk, with special focus on the loopholes giving potential grip to the pathogenesis of microbiome-related dysimmunity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46503319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Linking gut redox to human microbiome 将肠道氧化还原与人类微生物群联系起来

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.07.002

Matthieu Million, Didier Raoult

{"title":"Linking gut redox to human microbiome","authors":"Matthieu Million, Didier Raoult","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uncontrolled oxidative stress has been associated with many diseases and aging. We previously report an increased gut redox and depletion of the anaerobic microbiome in severe acute malnutrition. Here, we extended the analysis to test if this link could be generalized by including individuals with various age and dietary status. Seventy individuals (children and adults, French and African, healthy individuals and teenagers with anorexia nervosa, marasmus and kwashiorkor) were included. Fecal redox potential was measured using a simple redox probe. v3v4 16S gene targeted metagenomics was used to characterize the microbiota. The Metagenomic Aerotolerant Predominance Index (MAPI) was defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of the relative abundance of aerotolerant on strict anaerobic species. This index is easily understandable (MAPI > 0: aerotolerant predominance, MAPI < 0: anaerobic predominance), can be calculated for any metagenome and follows a normal distribution among our 70 included individuals. Fecal redox potential (mV) and the Metagenomic Aerotolerant Predominance Index were dose-dependently related (linear regression, p < .001). This link, if confirmed, will allow humans to take care of their microbiome and prevent, treat and/or alleviate gut redox associated chronic diseases by (i) controlling the concentration of reactive species in the gut by avoiding behavior associated with uncontrolled oxidative stress (alcoholism,…) in the gut and using reduced water, and (ii) by improving gut anti-oxidant capacities by an adequate diet rich in nutrients allowing the human gut to maintain a very low redox potential in the gut as a key for homeostasis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45756123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

Early colonization of the gut microbiome and its relationship with obesity 肠道微生物群的早期定植及其与肥胖的关系

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.002

Jena L. Dreyer , Andrea L. Liebl

{"title":"Early colonization of the gut microbiome and its relationship with obesity","authors":"Jena L. Dreyer , Andrea L. Liebl","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adult and childhood obesity rates are increasing. Childhood obesity, in particular, is a complicated, multifactorial condition that is not always explained by overeating. To address rising rates of obesity, researchers have begun to address how the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome influences metabolism, energy absorption, and weight regulation. Colonization of the gut begins in early life and is highly influenced by method of birth (vaginal versus Caesarean), method of feeding (formula feeding versus breastfeeding), and exposure to antibiotics. Not surprisingly, an infant’s gut microbiome is very likely to resemble that of its mother. However, this means that aberrant bacteria characterized by an obese microbiome can also get passed on from an obese mom to child. To promote the colonization of a healthy infant gut microbiome, the optimal strategy generally is to have a vaginal delivery followed by exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age with minimal exposure to antibiotics. However, this is not always possible and overweight or obese mothers risk passing on aberrant bacteria to her children. In such cases, in conjunction with medical professionals, women can consider adding pre- and probiotics to their diets during pregnancy and lactation as well as other mitigation strategies. The colonization of an infant’s gut with optimal bacteria may help reduce the risk of obesity later in life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41904699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Human microbiomes and antibiotic resistance 人类微生物组和抗生素耐药性

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.005

Sophie A Baron , Seydina M Diene , Jean-Marc Rolain

{"title":"Human microbiomes and antibiotic resistance","authors":"Sophie A Baron , Seydina M Diene , Jean-Marc Rolain","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human microbiomes are complex ecosystems involving bacteria, viruses, archaea or eukaryotes that are co-evolving in an environment subject to various selective pressures, such as antibiotic administration, diet and/or lifestyle. In this sympatric lifestyle, competition is hard and the synthesis of antibiotic molecules and/or antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is one solution that was developed by the organisms to survive. This environment becomes a large source of ARGs for pathogenic bacteria, leading to the risk of infection due to multidrug resistant bacteria. Culture and metagenomics are two complementary methods developed to study these microbiomes in order to better understand the type of bacteria and ARGs present in the human body, as well as the factors that modulate the abundance and variety of these ARGs. The objective of this review was to identify factors that influence the colonization and propagation of multidrug resistant bacteria and/or ARGs, and to define resistance genes and multidrug resistant bacteria that have already been isolated from the human microbiota using culturomics and metagenomics techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48854361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Potential clinical usefulness of gut microbiome testing in a variety of clinical conditions 肠道微生物组检测在多种临床条件下的潜在临床用途

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.003

Karl J. Morten , Eleonora Staines-Urias , Julian Kenyon

引用次数: 2

Comparative therapeutic efficacy study of Lactobacilli probiotics and citalopram in treatment of acute stress-induced depression in lab murine models 乳酸杆菌益生菌与西酞普兰治疗小鼠急性应激性抑郁症的疗效比较研究

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.001

Abdalla M. Abdrabou, Enass Y. Osman, Osama A. Aboubakr

{"title":"Comparative therapeutic efficacy study of Lactobacilli probiotics and citalopram in treatment of acute stress-induced depression in lab murine models","authors":"Abdalla M. Abdrabou, Enass Y. Osman, Osama A. Aboubakr","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A relationship between Microbiome and its effect on depression has been suspected in earlier studies. Here we examined whether the addition of Lactobacillus probiotics which flourishes the gut-microbiota will have a beneficial adjuvant therapeutic effect on treatment of depression or even considering it as a main treatment line in the future for treatment of depression or anxiety like behavior after further studies. Mice receiving probiotics in their diet exhibited mostly similar anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects of the mice that received SSRI anti-depressant citalopram and displayed enhanced outcomes which were shown in the Tail Suspension test – which is considered a high output tool in assessing anti-depression medications –, Super oxidase dismutase concentration in the brain tissue and HPLC analysis of Kynurenine biomarker in the brain. Taken together these data support the link between healthy gut microbiome and its effect on depression-like behavior and suggest that probiotics may even have a similar therapeutic effect of anti- depressants in treatment of depression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41639885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Metagenomic and clinical microbiology 宏基因组学和临床微生物学

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.06.001

Sophie Amrane, Jean-Christophe Lagier

引用次数: 18

Intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistance: Perspectives and solutions 肠道菌群和抗生素耐药性:观点和解决方案

Human Microbiome Journal Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humic.2018.05.002

Climent Casals-Pascual , Andrea Vergara , Jordi Vila

{"title":"Intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistance: Perspectives and solutions","authors":"Climent Casals-Pascual , Andrea Vergara , Jordi Vila","doi":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humic.2018.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intestinal commensal microbiota provides a myriad of benefits to the healthy host, including colonisation resistance against pathogens. Perturbations of the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) may adversely affect the health status of an individual and prevent protection against colonisation. The whole range of antibiotic resistance genes (resistome) in a specific microbiota is found in pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. The administration of antibiotics may cause dysbiosis, contributing to the loss of colonisation resistance followed by an increment of the resistome in the intestinal microbiota. Treatments to control the current increase of multi drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are extremely limited. In this context, the administration of healthy faecal microbiota to restore colonisation resistance and displace MDR bacteria emerges as a promising therapeutic alternative.</p><p>This brief review describes the role of the intestinal microbiota as a reservoir of MDR bacteria, the impact of different groups of antibiotics in the selection of MDR bacteria and crucially, the potential use of faecal microbiota transplantation using “healthy” or “MDR-free microbiota” to displace MDR bacteria and restore colonisation resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37790,"journal":{"name":"Human Microbiome Journal","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.humic.2018.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47940541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56