Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum最新文献_第5页

The Formation and Development of the Scientific School of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science of Professor V. O. Dobrovolsky at Odessa Polytechnic Institute in the 1930s– 1960s 20世纪30 - 60年代敖德萨工业学院机械工程与材料科学学院的形成与发展

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.11590/ABHPS.2021.1.07

V. Bandus

引用次数: 0

The Life and Scientific Legacy of the Outstanding Ukrainian Economist V. A. Kosynskyi (1864–1938) 乌克兰杰出经济学家柯辛斯基(V. A. Kosynskyi, 1864-1938)的生平和科学遗产

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.11590/ABHPS.2021.1.05

Lyubov Sukhoterina

{"title":"The Life and Scientific Legacy of the Outstanding Ukrainian Economist V. A. Kosynskyi (1864–1938)","authors":"Lyubov Sukhoterina","doi":"10.11590/ABHPS.2021.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11590/ABHPS.2021.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the activities of the Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, doctor of political economy, Volodymyr Andriyovych Kosynskyi (1864–1938), who was born in Ukraine and worked in many European countries, particularly in Latvia. Kosynskyi was active as an economist, statistician, and a public and political figure, who held the position of the Minister of Labor of Ukraine from November to December 1918. The study allows to systematize and critically evaluate the sources on the impact of Kosynskyi’s activities on the development of economics, as well as to reconstruct the main stages of his life and professional career. After a critical evaluation of the sources on the impact of Kosynskyi’s activities in economics, it is shown that his main contribution was the following: development of methodological problems of political economy, the theory and practice of credit, and methodology to develop agriculture. Kosynskyi was among the first to proclaim the transition of statistics from a science that collects and organizes information to a science that explains and predicts. The article also presents a periodization of Kosynskyi’s life and creative path, tracing the following periods: the Hlukhiv period, the Moscow period, two Riga periods, two Odessa periods, the Kyiv period, and the Czech period.","PeriodicalId":37693,"journal":{"name":"Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum","volume":"9 1","pages":"67-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44936484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zigmunde, Alīda (2019), Ernst Nauck (1819–1875). The First Director of Riga Polytechnicum, Rīga: RTU Izdevniecība, 192 pp., ISBN 978-9934-22-360-0 (print); ISBN 978-9934-22-361-7 (pdf) 齐格蒙德，阿尔格尔达(2019)，恩斯特·纳克(1819-1875)。里加理工学院第一任院长，里加:RTU izdevniec<e:1>， 192页，ISBN 978-9934-22-360-0(印刷);ISBN 978-9934-22-361-7 (pdf)

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.11590/ABHPS.2021.1.10

Eckhard Spring

引用次数: 0

Legal Person- or Agenthood of Artificial Intelligence Technologies 人工智能技术的法人或代理人

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.05

T. Kerikmäe, P. Müürsepp, Henri Mart Pihl, Ondrej Ondrej Hamuľák, Hovsep Kocharyan

{"title":"Legal Person- or Agenthood of Artificial Intelligence Technologies","authors":"T. Kerikmäe, P. Müürsepp, Henri Mart Pihl, Ondrej Ondrej Hamuľák, Hovsep Kocharyan","doi":"10.11590/abhps.2020.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is developing rapidly. There are technologies available that fulfil several tasks better than humans can and even behave like humans to some extent. thus, the situation prompts the question whether Ai should be granted legal personand/or agenthood? there have been similar situations in history where the legal status of slaves or indigenous peoples was discussed. still, in those historical questions, the subjects under study were always natural persons, i.e., they were living beings belonging to the species Homo sapiens. We analyse the situation 1 The contribution of Peeter Müürsepp to the article was supported by Estonian Research Council grant no. PRG462. 2 Ondrej Hamuľák’s work on this article was supported by Jean Monnet Network Project 611293-EPP-1-2019-1-CZ-EPPJMO-NETWORK ‘European Union and the Challenges of Modern Society’. 3 Hovsep Kocharyan participated in the work on this article on behalf of the Project of specific research no. IGA_PF_2020_003 ‘Fostering the Right to be Forgotten as the Elementary E-right: Analyses of the Judicial Approach, Contemporary Developments and Challenges’.","PeriodicalId":37693,"journal":{"name":"Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum","volume":"8 1","pages":"73-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45235125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Future of Electricity and Electricity as the Future: The Sociotechnical Imagination of Russian Electrical Engineers in the 19th Century 电力的未来和作为未来的电力:19世纪俄罗斯电气工程师的社会技术想象

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.06

N. Nikiforova

{"title":"The Future of Electricity and Electricity as the Future: The Sociotechnical Imagination of Russian Electrical Engineers in the 19th Century","authors":"N. Nikiforova","doi":"10.11590/abhps.2020.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"this article examines russian engineers’ social imagination about the future through the professional discussions held at the electrotechnical congresses in the nineteenth century. Formulating the prospective future of the industry, the state and society was a collective endeavor, a process in which the identity and mission of engineers were crystallized. through envisioning the future of technology and its role in the society, engineers revealed their cultural role as mediators between technological innovation, and both the wider public and the state. in order to better understand the manifestations of the shared cultural understandings of a desirable future and social order, the article resorts to Sheila Jasanoff’s concept of sociotechnical imaginaries (Jasanoff & Kim, 2015). the engineering community’s sociotechnical imagination about electricity was shaped around the transformative possibilities of this technology. it was believed that electrical engineering was able not only to accelerate industrial production, but also to solve social, medical and cultural problems, thereby uniting the russian empire. Descriptions of the rational, comfortable and beautiful world of the electrified future overlapped in engineering discussions, journalism and science fiction. Positive scenarios emphasized the advantages of electrical engineering and bypassed the problems associated with electrification, constructing an idea of its inevitability. The electrical engineer became a kind of a new cultural hero, who knew how to make a working device or system, and also filled the task of linking the development of technology to the development of society. 1 The article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program and funded by the Russian Academic Excellence Project ‘5-100’.","PeriodicalId":37693,"journal":{"name":"Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum","volume":"8 1","pages":"93-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47557053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Preliminary Inventory of the Transformations of Scientific Imaging 科学影像学变革初探

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.02

Robert Rosenberger

引用次数: 2

Vitaly Grigorevsky’s Contribution to the Development of International Cooperation in Photometric Studies of Artificial Earth Satellites 维塔利·格里戈列夫斯基对发展人造地球卫星光度研究国际合作的贡献

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.07

I. Hrushytska

{"title":"Vitaly Grigorevsky’s Contribution to the Development of International Cooperation in Photometric Studies of Artificial Earth Satellites","authors":"I. Hrushytska","doi":"10.11590/abhps.2020.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"this article highlights the participation of the ukrainian scientist, Professor Vitaly mikhailovich Grigorevsky, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, and representative of the scientific school of Vladimir Platonovich tsesevich, in the organization and development of international cooperative partnership in the field of satellite astronomy and photometric studies of artificial satellites of the Earth. The activity of the scientist in the coordination of scientific research of the countries of Eastern Europe in 1965 –1973 under the sPin program, carried out under the auspices of the Astronomical council of the ussr Academy of sciences, is discussed. the article explores the main forms of Grigorevsky’s scientific cooperation with the world’s leading experts in the field of satellite astronomy—the British scientist Desmond King-Hele, the Czech astronomer František Link, Hungarian researchers Iván Almár and D. Toth, and others. Also, the achievements of the Latvian researchers Māris Ābele and Kasimirs Lapushka in the creation of photographic cameras of surveillance of satellites are analysed.","PeriodicalId":37693,"journal":{"name":"Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum","volume":"8 1","pages":"115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43425555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge and Technology Transfer in the Age of Enlightenment: The Scientific Correspondence between Franciszek Bieliński (1683-1766) and Henri Louis Duhamel du Monceau (1700-1782) 启蒙时代的知识与技术转移:弗朗西斯泽克Bieliński(1683-1766)与亨利·路易·杜阿梅尔·杜·蒙索(1700-1782)的科学对应

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.08

Małgorzata Durbas

{"title":"Knowledge and Technology Transfer in the Age of Enlightenment: The Scientific Correspondence between Franciszek Bieliński (1683-1766) and Henri Louis Duhamel du Monceau (1700-1782)","authors":"Małgorzata Durbas","doi":"10.11590/abhps.2020.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11590/abhps.2020.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"the scientific life in mid-seventeenth-century europe was characterised by numerous academies of sciences and scientific associations whose aim was to propagate the development of the sciences, art and literature. some have called it “the new Age of Academies all over europe”. these institutions brought together not only educated professionals but also a large number of amateur scientists. they called for the deliberate abandonment of verbal dispute in favour of visual demonstration/experimentation, and for the creation of paid scientific professionals who would devote their full time to the enterprise. these scientists conducted numerous experiments, the results of which were demonstrated at academic sessions. Franciszek Bieliński became Grand Marshal of the Crown in 1742. During the many years of his public service, he aimed to improve the well-being of Warsaw inhabitants, especially by paving the streets and creating a modern sewerage system. in the light of recent scholarly studies, Franciszek Bieliński is perceived as a figure of very wide horizons, striving to join the Parisian academic scientific discourse in order to transfer knowledge and technology to Poland. Bieliński exchanged letters with the eminent member and three-time president of the Paris Academy of sciences (1666–1803), Henri louis Duhamel du monceau, who among numerous other projects tested new methods of horticulture, agriculture and forestry. The article aims to discuss the scientific research undertaken by Bieliński in regards to technology transfer in the area of agriculture, on the basis of unanalysed documents. recently found correspondence shows that Grand","PeriodicalId":37693,"journal":{"name":"Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum","volume":"8 1","pages":"128-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46235731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Prelude to Material Hermeneutics (2021) 《材料解释学前奏》(2021)

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.01

D. Ihde

引用次数: 0

Seamlessness as Disenfranchisement: The Digital State of Pigs and How to Resist 无缝作为剥夺公民权:猪的数字状态和如何抵抗

Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.11590/abhps.2020.2.03

W. Drechsler

引用次数: 1