{"title":"Simplifying and improving swarm-based clustering","authors":"Swee Chuan Tan","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6252961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6252961","url":null,"abstract":"Swarm-based clustering has enthused researchers for its ability to find clusters in datasets automatically, and without requiring users to specify the number of clusters. While conventional wisdom suggests that swarm intelligence contributes to this ability, recent works have provided alternative explanation about underlying stochastic heuristics that are really at work. This paper shows that the working principles of several recent SBC methods can be explained using a stochastic clustering framework that is unrelated to swarm intelligence. The framework is theoretically simple and in practice easy to implement. We also incorporate a mechanism to calibrate a key parameter so as to enhance the clustering performance. Despite the simplicity of the enhanced algorithm, experimental results show that it outperforms two recent SBC methods in terms of clustering accuracy and efficiency in the majority of the datasets used in this study.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124982311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parallel quantum evolutionary algorithms with Client-Server model for multi-objective optimization on discrete problems","authors":"Wei Xin, S. Fujimura","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6252958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6252958","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a parallel quantum evolutionary algorithm (PQEA) using Client-Server model for multi-objective optimization problems. Firstly, the PQEA uniformly decomposes a multi-objective optimization problem into a number of scalar optimization sub-problems. All the sub-problems are classified into several groups according to their similarities. Each “Client” processes the evolution for a group of neighbor sub-problems in parallel. There is a quantum individual used to address the sub-problems of a group in a “Client”. Since the quantum individual is a probabilistic representation, it can share evolutionary information of the neighbor sub-problems in one group, while the sub-problems are orderly solved using a same q-bit individual. The “Server” maintains non-dominated solutions that are generated by every “Client”. The current best solution for each sub-problem can be found in the “Server”, when the quantum individual updated its states for evolution. Experimental results have demonstrated that PQEA obviously outperforms the most famous multi-objective optimization algorithms MOEA/D on the bi-objectives. For the more objectives, the PQEA obtains the similar results with MOEA/D, even with the same evaluation times. Furthermore, in this paper, the scalability and sensitivity of PQEA have also been experimentally investigated.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115077042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time traffic signal control for roundabouts by using a PSO-based fuzzy controller","authors":"Yue-jiao Gong, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256608","url":null,"abstract":"Developing traffic signal control methods is considered as the most important way to improve the traffic efficiency of modern roundabouts. This paper applies a traffic signal controller with two fuzzy layers for signalizing roundabouts. The outer layer of the controller computes urgency degrees of all the phase subsets and then activates the most urgent subset. This mechanism helps to instantly respond to the current traffic condition of the roundabout so as to improve real-timeness. The inner layer computes extension time of the current phase and decides whether to turn to the next phase in the running phase subset. As the phase sequences are well-designed, the inner layer smoothes the traffic flows which helps to avoid traffic jam. An offline particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed to optimize the membership functions adopted in the proposed controller. In this way, the membership functions in the controller are no longer given by human experience, but provided by the intelligent algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller outperforms previous traffic signal controllers in terms of improving traffic efficiency of modern roundabouts.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114457895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamical exploitation space reduction in particle swarm optimization for solving large scale problems","authors":"Shi Cheng, Yuhui Shi, Quande Qin","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6252937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6252937","url":null,"abstract":"Particle swarm optimization (PSO) may lose search efficiency when the problem's dimension increases to large scale. For high dimensional search space, an algorithm may not be easy to locate at regions which contain good solutions. The exploitation ability is also reduced due to high dimensional search space. The “No Free Lunch” theorem implies that we can make better algorithm if an algorithm knows the information of the problem. Algorithms should have an ability of learning to solve different problems, in other words, algorithms can adaptively change to suit the landscape of problems. In this paper, the strategy of dynamical exploitation space reduction is utilized to learn problems' landscapes. While at the same time, partial re-initialization strategy is utilized to enhance the algorithm's exploration ability. Experimental results show that a PSO with these two strategies has better performance than the standard PSO in large scale problems. Population diversities of variant PSOs, which include position diversity, velocity diversity and cognitive diversity, are discussed and analyzed. From diversity analysis, we can conclude that an algorithm's exploitation ability can be enhanced by exploitation space reduction strategy.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131633757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. J. M. Guervós, A. García, J. Cruz, Anna I. Esparcia-Alcázar, C. Cotta
{"title":"Scaling in distributed evolutionary algorithms with persistent population","authors":"J. J. M. Guervós, A. García, J. Cruz, Anna I. Esparcia-Alcázar, C. Cotta","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256622","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the experimental results obtained with a distributed computing system created by mapping an evolutionary algorithm to the CouchDB object store. The framework decouples the population from the evolutionary algorithm and -through the API that CouchDB provides- allows the distributed and asynchronous operation of clients written in different programming languages. In this paper we present tests which prove that the novel algorithm design still performs as good as a canonical evolutionary algorithm and discover what are the main issues concerning it, what kind of speedups should we expect, and how all this affects the fundamental evolutionary algorithms concepts.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129946598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactive genetic algorithm assisted with collective intelligence from group decision making","authors":"Xiaoyan Sun, Lei Yang, D. Gong, Ming Li","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6252872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6252872","url":null,"abstract":"Interactive genetic algorithms (IGAs) have been successfully applied to optimize problems with aesthetic criteria by embedding the intelligent evaluations of a user into the evolutionary process. User fatigue caused by frequent interactions, however, often greatly impairs the potentials of IGAs on solving complicated optimization problems. Taking the benefits of collective intelligence into account, we here present an IGA with collective intelligence which is derived from a mechanism of group decision making. An IGA with interval individual fitness is focused here and it can be separately conducted by multiple users at the same time. The collective intelligence of all participated users, represented with social and individual knowledge, is first collected by using a modified group decision making method. Then the strategy of applying the collective intelligence to initialize and guide the single evolution of the IGA is given. With such a multi-user promoted IGA framework, the performance of a single IGA is expected to be evidently improved. In a local network environment, the algorithm is applied to a fashion design system and the results empirically demonstrate that the algorithm can not only alleviate user fatigue but also increase the opportunities of IGAs on finding most satisfactory solutions.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130713947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-objective optimization using a hybrid differential evolution algorithm","authors":"Xianpeng Wang, Lixin Tang","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256478","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a hybrid differential evolution algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems. One major feature of this hybrid multi-objective differential evolution (HMODE) algorithm is that it adopts subpopulations whose sizes are dynamically adapted during the evolution process. The second feature is that the HMODE adopts a new solution update mechanism instead of the standard one used in the traditional differential evolution. The HMODE uses multiple operators and assigns an operator to each subpopulation. The update of each subpopulation is based on the assigned operator. The third feature of the HMODE is that a self-adapt local search method is used to improve the external archive. Computational study on benchmark problems shows that the HMODE is competitive or superior to previous multi-objective algorithms in the literature.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114974818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A continuous estimation of distribution algorithm by evolving graph structures using reinforcement learning","authors":"Xianneng Li, Bing Li, S. Mabu, K. Hirasawa","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256481","url":null,"abstract":"A novel graph-based Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) named Probabilistic Model Building Genetic Network Programming (PMBGNP) has been proposed. Inspired by classical EDAs, PMBGNP memorizes the current best individuals and uses them to estimate a distribution for the generation of the new population. However, PMBGNP can evolve compact programs by representing its solutions as graph structures. Therefore, it can solve a range of problems different from conventional ones in EDA literature, such as data mining and Reinforcement Learning (RL) problems. This paper extends PMBGNP from discrete to continuous search space, which is named PMBGNP-AC. Besides evolving the node connections to determine the optimal graph structures using conventional PMBGNP, Gaussian distribution is used for the distribution of continuous variables of nodes. The mean value μ and standard deviation σ are constructed like those of classical continuous Population-based incremental learning (PBILc). However, a RL technique, i.e., Actor-Critic (AC), is designed to update the parameters (μ and σ). AC allows us to calculate the Temporal-Difference (TD) error to evaluate whether the selection of the continuous value is better or worse than expected. This scalar reinforcement signal can decide whether the tendency to select this continuous value should be strengthened or weakened, allowing us to determine the shape of the probability density functions of the Gaussian distribution. The proposed algorithm is applied to a RL problem, i.e., autonomous robot control, where the robot's wheel speeds and sensor values are continuous. The experimental results show the superiority of PMBGNP-AC comparing with the conventional algorithms.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115147892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing the assignment of blood in a blood banking system: Some initial results","authors":"A. Adewumi, N. Budlender, M. Olusanya","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256633","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the critical blood shortages in South Africa and around the world, the assignment of blood can be considered an important real world optimization problem. This paper presents a mathematical model that facilitates good management and assignment of red blood cell units in order to minimize the quantity of imported units from outside the system. The model makes use of the Multiple Knapsack Algorithm, which is implemented using several optimization techniques, in order to determine the most optimal assignments. These include a Genetic Algorithm (GA), Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (AGA), Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm (SAGA), Adaptive Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm (ASAGA) and finally a Hill Climbing (HC) Algorithm. All techniques were capable of achieving the optimal fitnesses. The AGA, SAGA and ASAGA provide some desirable results over the standard GA, whilst the HC algorithm proves to demonstrate the best results overall.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116980797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of evolutionary data mining algorithms and their applications to cardiac disease diagnosis","authors":"Jenn-Long Liu, YuHong Hsu, Chih-Lung Hung","doi":"10.1109/CEC.2012.6256640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2012.6256640","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents two kinds of evolutionary data mining (EvoDM) algorithms, termed GA-KM and MPSO-KM, to cluster the dataset of cardiac disease and predict the accuracy of diagnostics. Our proposed GA-KM is a hybrid method that combines a genetic algorithm (GA) and K-means (KM) algorithm, and MPSO-KM is also a hybrid method that combines a momentum-type particle swarm optimization (MPSO) and K-means algorithm. The functions of GA-KM or MPSO-KM are to determine the optimal weights of attributes and cluster centers of clusters that are needed to classify the disease dataset. The dataset, used in this study, includes 13 attributes with 270 instances, which are the data records of cardiac disease. A comparative study is conducted by using C5, Naïve Bayes, K-means, GA-KM and MPSO-KM to evaluate the accuracy of presented algorithms. Our experiments indicate that the clustering accuracy of cardiac disease dataset is significantly improved by using GA-KM and MPSO-KM when compared to that of using K-means only.","PeriodicalId":376837,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127091668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}