International Journal of Arabic-English Studies最新文献

{"title":"Lost in (Mis)Translation: Paratextual Framing in Selected Arabic Translations of Orwell’s Animal Farm","authors":"Mai Mowafy, Talaat Farouq Mohamed","doi":"10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.458","url":null,"abstract":"Paratextuality plays a key role in cultural stereotyping and ideological framing of the translated texts and pre-positions the reader by setting certain expectations (Baker 2006). They also serve as a tool of adaptation (Genette 1997), superimposing certain interpretations of the author’s intentions and ideologies. Here, George Orwell’s Animal Farm is an optimum example. The rising interest in its Arabic translation, especially in the wake of the Arab Spring uprisings bears on the politicized readings of the text, as manifested in the paratextual elements accompanying its translations. The present study investigates the role of paratextual renderings of Animal Farm in mainstreaming ideological frames and cultural stereotypes about the narrative. Drawing on Genette (1997), we close-read peritexts of the Arabic translations and probe potential paratextual functions. So far, sixteen plus Arabic translations of the novel have been published. This recent translational influx reflects, besides literary and cultural significance of the novella, an increasing interest in reading it as symbolizing the recent socio-political change. As a process where content transfer and transform(ation) overlap, translation involves an inevitable degree of bias (Venuti 2012). Orwell’s novella was largely appropriated by Arabic translators as a political manifesto, to the disregard of its other literary and cultural valances. For Arab readership, Animal Farm belongs to a long line of allegorical tales, not so much different from works like Kalila wa Dimna (The Panchatantra), where the political largely prevails over the literary. The present study thus draws on Lefevere (1992), Genette (1997), Kress and van Leeuwen (2006), Van Dijk (2003), and Baker (2006) in exploring paratextual elements as potential sites for translatorial/editorial intervention, ideological framing, and cultural appropriation of the translated text. It investigates the use of paratextual elements as sites for contestation of agency and validity, and also for interpretive foreclosure in ways that suppress/miss potential layers of meaning in the novella.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49120272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Racial Dehumanization, Distortion of Perspectives, and Perpetuation of Trauma in Morrison’s The Bluest Eye","authors":"Mohammad Jamshed","doi":"10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.453","url":null,"abstract":"As the world continues to struggle with violence and the devastating legacies of racism, colonialism, and slavery, the systems and structures designed to subjugate and enslave fellow human beings still plague human society, even in an age of human dignity, freedom, and civil liberties. The brutal murders, lynching, and crimes of hate we witness against black people in America point to the existence of racism as a thriving, underground force, often institutionalised and perpetuated by the very system mandated to eradicate this menace. Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye offers several insights into how inhuman portrayals of black people inform white discourse. Blackness evokes fear and insecurity in the minds of white supremacists, and systemic racism even creates a hierarchy among black people. Some, having grown up with a deeply disturbing self-image, develop an all-consuming desire to be white in order to count as human. This study focuses on how racism is perpetuated by financial interests and white supremacy, coupled with discrimination and prejudice within law enforcement and ambiguities in the laws enacted to eradicate these issues. The study suggests that systemic racism dehumanises not only the black victims but also the white oppressors, distorting perspectives and perpetuating a vicious cycle of violence.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45362641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do you Meme Trump, Noah? Shaping a New Memescape in The Daily Show with Trevor Noah (January 2016 – December 2019)","authors":"Nashwa Elyamany","doi":"10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.469","url":null,"abstract":"With The Daily Show’s popularity for late-night televised political satire, the infotainment genre has progressively turned into a major venue for mass-mediated political discourse in the US. Arguably, the show employs creative political memes in tandem with a plethora of multimodal strategies that all function in collegiality in revival of a journalism of critical inquiry showcasing how political dissent is negotiated and mitigated. Set against this backdrop, this paper argues for a new conceptualization of “digital memes” to incorporate the visuals integrated in talk show monologues. These visuals have undergone a shift from being merely “aesthetic-expressive” graphics to share many of the internet meme’s features and hence make them mount to be a sub-genre of memes. More specifically, the study extends scholarship on political memes proposing a more nuanced methodological and analytical framework premised on meme-inherent news values and host-specific converging communication accommodation strategies. The paper is an attempt to introduce an inclusive approach that draws on various perspectives that can do better justice to the rich complexity inherent to memes. For the purpose, a corpus of 235 meme instances from January 2016 to December 2019 in The Daily Show with Trevor Noah’s entertainment-based, ideologically-driven political commentary was examined. This is to capture how the intervention of memetic aesthetics in the topical monologue of the show as far as Trump’s administration is concerned can alter the trajectory of political satire. Findings showcase that the emerging memes in the late-night show, particularly image macro memes, have superseded late-night television as the leading edge of political satire.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46029828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discursive Representation of Victims of Mosque Attacks in Egypt and New Zealand","authors":"Mohamed El-Nashar, Heba Nayef","doi":"10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v23i2.465","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the discursive representation of victims of two terrorist attacks that occurred in Egypt and New Zealand. The data include all news reports released by the online version of The Guardian and The Washington Post on the attacks. To this end, we employ Martin and White's (2005) Appraisal Theory, van Leeuwen's (2008) Socio-semantic Inventory and Entman’s (1993) Framing Theory. This article filled a gap in literature as it is the first – to the best of our knowledge - to address Muslim victims of terrorist attacks in two countries, one Muslim, and one Christian.  Discussion reinforced the belief that there is disparity in journalistic treatment in favour of victims in a country culturally and linguistically belonging to the west (New Zealand). All the 10 frames devised for this study, side by side with the appraisal resources deployed, reveal a marked difference between the ‘high-profile’ representation of Christchurch social actors and the ‘low-profile’ depiction of the Sinai social actors.  All the socio-semantic categorisations of victims also prove such discursive disproportion.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44865152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hermeneutical and Semiotic Reading of Little Amal: A Walk through Brex-e-Lit","authors":"Heba abdelaziz","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the pervasive socio-political implications of the refugee crisis in the language and narrative structure of the interactive fiction of Little Amal: The Walk. Hermeneutics and semiotic compositional elements contribute to the on-going meaningful interaction between the interlocutors within the context of the successive narrations in the story. In this paper, we investigate the multimodal semiotic elements in conjunction with the cultural and political implications intended. The study contributes to interactive fiction through the modelled methodological framework. Using the Four-Legged Stool hermeneutical approach (Mburu 2019) and a hybrid of two approaches, namely, Visual Grammar (Kress and Van Leeuwen 2006) and Semiotic Elements (Machin and Laden 2018), the study pursues approaching Little Amal to delve into its hidden implications. The study adapts Mburu’s approach to become a three-legged stool, where the language and the narrative structures support the cultural, theological, and biblical interpretation of the narrative, hence the political implication in any literary text, especially the interactive ones. The study results confirm that Britain invades both ‘first- and third-world’ cultures, linking it to Brexit and British superiority over the world. The Walk, reveals how Brexit can be viewed as a British nostalgia for the lost empire.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48376561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encountering the Foreign in Alice in Wonderland and its Arabic Translations","authors":"Eman Ibrahim Albawab, Dana W. Muwafi","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines Lewis Carroll’s Alice through the cultural glass of the Arabic translations of Alice in Wonderland by Amira Kiwan (2003), Shakir Nasr Al Deen (2012), Siham Bint Saniya (2013), and Nadia Al Kholy (2013), and of Through the Looking-Glass by Siham Bint Saniya (2013). It seeks to explore the engagement of several issues of language and meaning, and of foreignness and otherness, in both Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass with the aid of a simultaneous examination of how key moments in the works are translated into Arabic. This exploration, in a cross-disciplinary study that combines both close-reading post-colonial literary analysis and Venuti’s identification of domestication and foreignization as strategies of translation, sheds light both on the original works or source texts (STs) and on the translations or target texts (TTs) that transmit them to their respective Egyptian, Jordanian, and Moroccan Arab readers. The Alice that emerges is a divided one, simultaneously both language learner and guardian of the rules of language, explorer-foreigner and imperialist, vulnerable child, and tyrannical queen. In the TTs there is also a split between literary sophistication and playful childhood nonsense, difficult post-colonial text and celebration of local childhood culture. Further, the TTs are treated by their translators as at once entertaining childhood adventure domesticated to local tastes and also as complex literary allegory whose political source-text is preserved and adjusted for a more sophisticated adult target audience.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45822157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Red Keep to Winterfell: Translating Toponyms in High Fantasy Literature from English into Arabic","authors":"","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The recent popularity of the fantasy genre in the Arabic world has seen increased translation activity into Arabic (De Blasio 2019). Despite this interest, scholars have focused their attention on low fantasy, with little attention to high fantasy. This study investigates book five of George R.R Martin’s novel series “A Dance with Dragons (2011), and its Arabic translation رقصة مع التنانين raqsa mc ?ltanani:n (2020) with a specific focus on Toponyms. The study uses textual analysis of the translation of book five of the novel series to determine the translation procedures used, and interviews with the official translator to understand the factors behind the translation choices in the series. The study adopts Aixelá’s 1996 model of culture-specific items (CSI) for the classification of the translation procedures. The results indicate the prevalence of two main translation procedures; conservation and substitution. The two procedures are used to strike a balance between the readability of the text, readers’ expectations, and maintaining the fantasy of the secondary world in which the narrative takes place.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44571979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Rhythm in English and Arabic: A Contrastive Review","authors":"Mohammed Nour, Abu Guba, Shehdeh Fareh, S. Yagi","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares Arabic and English speech rhythms to increase awareness of this neglected and often misunderstood topic in foreign language acquisition. Unlike previous studies, we adopt a phonological view of speech rhythm rather than an isochrony-based phonetic view. We detail the components of speech rhythm at the word and utterance levels in Arabic and English focusing on the rhythmical differences that would affect the learners’ rhythm of both languages negatively. Findings suggest that Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Jordanian-Ammani Arabic (JAA), unlike English, should be placed at the lower end of the rhythmic continuum. The study opens new directions for future research and concludes with pedagogical implications for learners of Arabic and English.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45604463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Intersemiotic Analysis of the Arabic Dubbed Version of Disney’s Frozen Let it Go","authors":"Mohamed El-Nashar, R. E. Shazly, Yasmeen M. Attia","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s digital environment, verbal, visual and sound resources constantly collaborate to construct meaning in the audiovisual mediascape. Audiovisual Translation (AVT) studies have thus shifted focus to examine how such multimodal orchestration and meaning shifts are captured and transferred from one culture to another. Songs’ AVT in animated musicals imposes (non)verbal constraints on translators who have to adapt/adjust to transfer not only the verbal and visual codes but also the musical. This article examines the intersemiotic relations among the three different semiotic modes when dubbing Let it Go from English into Arabic. It builds on Reus’ (2020a/b) Triangle of Aspects to fit both academic and practical purposes. The results suggest that dubbing a song mainly relies on a quadrangular of parameters: meaning-making, technical, interpretative, and performative elements of translation. Verbally, the findings indicated that the translator oscillated between full adherence to disregard of the semantic meaning. Nonverbally, the findings revealed mixed results regarding the OS-DS (in)congruencies in which the translator foregrounded and/or backgrounded certain aspects to conform to imposed constraints. Four different intermodal relations were identified: addition, enhancement, modification, and deletion. This study offers a methodological contribution to the AVT scholarship, positing a framework that can be systematically followed in future research.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43524332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Collaborative Flipped Writing Classroom for EFL Writing Instruction in the New Normal Era: Students’ Perceptions","authors":"S. Syarifudin","doi":"10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Although various ELT scholars have offered some pedagogical measures to tackle the unprecedented impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic, studies on the extent to which the online FC learning model can be enacted in the EFL writing classroom in such a remote instructional situation remain under research. To fill this void, drawing on the online collaborative flipped writing classroom (OCFWC) learning framework (Husnawadi 2021), this study aimed to investigate EFL students’ perceptions regarding the implementation of the learning model for EFL writing instruction in the times of the New Normal; the challenges they encountered; and the suggested refinement of how the learning model can be appropriately enacted in such a remote learning condition. Both quantitative and qualitative evidence showed that writing students positively perceived the implementation of OCFWC for EFL writing instruction in terms of learning engagement, motivation, effectiveness and efficiency, satisfaction, and writing skill development. Another finding unveiled that the inadequacy of internet connection and less cooperation between the group members were their primary learning barriers. The qualitative evidence also showed that the students preferred the employment of self-created digital materials by the writing instructor and the provision of a free-internet quota by the university to implement the learning model better. Pedagogical implications and recommendations for prospective studies were discussed.","PeriodicalId":37677,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Arabic-English Studies","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41275434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}