Fruit Growing Research最新文献

{"title":"IMPACT OF ACIDIFICATION ON ALUMINUM IN THE SOILS OF HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY PLANTATIONS FERTILIZED WITH COMPOST OBTAINED FROM URBAN SLUDGE","authors":"C. Nicola, M. Paraschiv","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"Different fertilization systems cause changes in the content of mobile forms of Al (aluminum) in the soil, due to changes in pH. The toxicity Al is one of the major limitations that inhibits the growth and development of plants in acidic soils. In acidic soils (pH <5.0), phytotoxic aluminum (Al3+) rapidly inhibits root growth and subsequently affects the absorption of water and nutrients by plants. Stationary fertilization experiments with wastewater sludge compost treatments to blueberry plants were evaluated. In the spring of 2020, an experiment with increasing doses of compost of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 t /ha in vegetation pots, under soil water controlled conditions, was organized. Three years after compost fertilization, a 4.2 pH level (strong acid) was experimentally induced in the soil of all vegetation vessels planted with blueberries. The content of phytotoxic forms of aluminum increased with increasing dose of compost, compared to unfertilized control. At the induction of the soil pH of 4.2, in the variant fertilized with the maximum dose of compost (80 t/ha) the mobile and phytotoxic content of Al increased 30 times compared to the same experimental variant from the pre-acidification conditions. In the same time, under the newly created conditions, the mobile phosphorus content in the soil decreased dramatically. In the compost maximum fertilization dose, the mobile phosphorus content from the soil was significantly lower than the unfertilized control.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48727657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS IN LIMITING THE ATTACK OF CYDIA POMONELLA L., IN THE CONDITIONS OF DÂMBOVIŢA FRUIT GROWING BASIN","authors":"C. Bolbose","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.27","url":null,"abstract":"The study has been made at Research Station for Fruit Growing Voinesti between 2020-2021, regarding apple susceptible to disease ('Jonathan' and 'Golden delicious'), 3 biological products being tested in the combat of the apple codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.), including the use of pheromone traps in order to track the pest. We mention that the codling moth is one of the most harmful species with a high incidence against the quality of fruits and their commercial value, regarding all the apple tree cultures of the Voinesti tree growing zone. As a means of tracking and warning, ATRAPOM pheromone has been used, as well as some biological products treatments: Bactospeine DF conc. 0.1 %, Laser 240 SC conc. 0.06%, MadexTop conc. 0.001%. Some high biological efficiency products have been noticed: Laser 240 SC conc.0.06% with a high 4.0% frequency attack, Bactospeine DF conc. 0.1% with 6%, while the MadexTop conc. 0.001% product had only registered a 2% damage, comparing to the chemical product Karate zeon conc. 0.015% that had an attack frequency of only 11%, while the untreated control group has been registered a 19% attack. Focusing towards using biological products in the combat of some apple tree pests, it will be gradually imposed, constituting the main factor in order to get some productions containing a small amount of phytosanitary products.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47524740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCHES ON USE OF SOME POST-EMERGENT HERBICIDES TO CONTROL WEEDS IN THE BEARING APPLES ORCHARDS","authors":"F. Marin, M. Călinescu, M. Sumedrea","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"Mono and dicotyledonous weeds are the competitors of fruit species, in terms of growth, bearing and fruit quality. Therefore, in fruit growing, the aim is to keep the spectrum of weeds below the economic damage threshold (EDT). In this sense, different methods are used: biotechnical (mulching), mechanical (mowing), agrotechnical (black field worked, weeding between rows) or chemical (pre- or post-emergent herbicide use). The paper presents the results of research undertaken between 2019-2021 on the effectiveness of 6 post-emergent herbicides (4 total, based on glyphosate and 2 including other molecules - cycloxidim 100 g / l and oxifluorfen 240 g / l). The application of the products was carried out in an experimental module with the apple varieties 'Jonathan / M9' and 'Idared / M9', 5-7 years old, in variants and replications arranged randomly. Observations and determinations were performed according to the European Weed Research Society (EWRS) scale showed that, from the whole spectrum of weeds followed in the experimental device, the most difficult or difficult to control were the dicotyledonous weeds such as: Equisetum arvense (note 8-9), Cirsium arvense, Gallium aparine, Galinsoga parviflora, Malva neglecta, Matricaria chamomilla, Ranunculus repens, Rumex spp., Stelaria media (note 5). Among the monocotyledons difficult to control were: Agropyron repens, Lolium perene and Cynodon dactylon, requiring the application of herbicides twice vegetation season, or the integrated control of weeds.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46445835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT FOR CHOPPING VEGETABLE RESIDUES RESULTING FROM TRIMMING IN ORCHARDS / VINYARDS","authors":"L. Popa, R. Ciupercă, V. Ștefan, A. Constantin, Ciprian Miron, A. Zaica","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"The recovery of wood residues from the spring or autumn pruning of branches, from orchards, in the form of briquettes or pellets, is part of the European policy on reducing non-renewable energy consumption. Also, organic agriculture brought to the fore the need to use natural fertilizers, which is why the National Institute of Research – Development for Machines and Installations Designed for Agriculture and Food Industry- INMA Bucharest conducted applied research for the development of an integrated technology and technical equipment for chopping plant residues resulting from cuttings in vineyards/orchards. Integrating the equipment in the technology, it is possible to obtain plant material that will be the basis for the production of mulch, which will be used in the technologies of organic fertilization of fruit/vine plantations. The advantages of this technology are the fact that the fruits obtained will no longer contain chemical compounds, contributing to the preservation of consumers’ health and at the same time the branches or canes resulting from cuttings will be used efficiently. Also, the chopped wood material can be used to make pellets or briquettes, contributing to solving the global problem of harmful emissions into the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43190568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VALORIZATION IN THE AGRO-FOOD INDUSTRY OF WASTE FROM TREES FRUIT TREES","authors":"N. Vanghele, A. Petre, A. Matache, Dumitru Bogdan Mihalache","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the circular economy, the recovery of wood waste from fruit trees as well as fruit residues contribute greatly to sustainable development. The main bioactive products from fruits and fruit trees have multiple properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, biostimulant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective anticarcinogenic. From an economic and ecological point of view, the implementation of the concept of biological recovery of waste and its incorporation into a sustainable and renewable cycle is possible, but this requires integrated technology and systematic management. This work highlights various applications, methods and effective solutions for the recovery of waste from fruit trees in the agro-food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44628372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTS REGARDING THE PRESERVATION OF LIQUID FOOD PRODUCTS USING THE STERILIZATION PROCESS BASED ON DIRECT HEATING STEAM INFUSION","authors":"C. Sorică, V. Vlăduț, M. Vintilă, E. Sorică, M. Cristea, Laurențiu Vlăduțoi","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.32","url":null,"abstract":"Preserving food in order to extend its shelf life is an important link in ensuring their quality. The ways in which this is done include a wide range of conservation techniques. Thermal technologies have been at the forefront of food preservation methods over time, temperature being one of the most important factors with a direct influence on food preservation, whether it is pasteurization-sterilization, whether it is freezing or lyophilization, its main action being the inactivation of microorganisms that cause food spoilage. The paper aims to present aspects regarding the preservation of liquid food products (juices obtained from fruits, beverages etc.), using the UHT process (Ultra High Temperature), with emphasis on sterilization by direct infusion. In addition to the most well-known commercial installations (industrial or pilot) currently on the market, the paper presents an experimental model of direct infusion sterilization installation, made within a research project with partners INMA Bucharest and ICDIMPH Horting.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43879934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF SOME METHODS CONCERNING THE PREVENTION OF RETURNING FROST AND HOARFROST ON THE PEACH AND APRICOT TREE","authors":"G. Lămureanu, I. Caplan, C. Gavăț, L. Septar, C. Moale, I. Stoli, Alexandru Vlăduț Oprița","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"Apricot and peach are species with a short dormancy, being able to start growing season even in February; the resistance of the trees to frosts and late frosts during this period is reduced. The risk is even higher in the south-east of the country where the probability of thermal amplitudes is very high, both during February and March. Although it is an important phenomenon, the information’s of how to protect trees from frost are relatively limited. There is a need for information to support orchards owners to approach this issue. The purpose of this paper was to apply measures and methods to combat this phenomenon in intensive apricot and peach orchards, measures that contribute to \"saving\" fruit production.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47211639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME APPLE VARIETIES IN THE PEDOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN THE AREA OF COVURLUI PLAIN","authors":"G. Bălan, C. Zlati, Marius Dascălu, M. Istrate","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.18","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out on the winter apple varieties ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Idared’, ‘Starkrimson’, ‘Jonathan’ and ‘Jonagold’, grafted on the rootstock ’M9 ’, in a private plantation (15 ha), from Covurlui plain, Plevna place, Rediu commune, Galati county, in the agricultural year 2020-2021. Planting distances are 3.5 m between rows and 1.5 m between plants per row, crown-shaped vertical axis, with support system on 3 wires. During the research period, observations and determinations were made regarding the initiation and development of vegetation phases, determinations regarding the productivity of varieties, fruit production and their quality. The surface of the trunk section as a basic indicator in the appreciation of the growth vigor reflects the reaction of the trees to the environmental conditions and to the applied agrotechnics. There is a close connection between the vigor of the trees expressed by the surface of the trunk section and the production. Higher force of the tree than the specific one, causes a delay in fruiting, instead a medium or low force induces early fruiting, but decreases the longevity of the trees. In terms of productivity, expressed by the amount of fruit per hectare (t/ha) ‘Golden Delicious‘ and ‘Idared‘ mice stood out with productions of 45, 2 and 41.4 t/ha respectively. The largest fruits were obtained from sour ‘Jonagold‘, respectively 194 g.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42731473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF LEAF AND RADICULAR FERTILIZATION ON APPLE GROWTH AND FRUITING PROCESSES","authors":"M. Călinescu, I. Mazilu, E. Chițu, Florin Plăiașu, M. Chivu, M. Lungu, T. Panea","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"Fertilization is a basic condition of agriculture, as a branch of sustainable development. It is often recommended to supplement mineral nutrition with organic product administration because, through their bio-stimulating effect, it potentiates mineral nutrition. Under these conditions, between 2020 and 2022, a bifactorial study was carried out on three apple cultivars (5-7 years after planting), grown at the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti-Maracineni, in a high-density orchard. The influence of five foliar and one soil fertilizers, on the background of standard mineral fertilization, over the mineral elements and chlorophyll content of the foliar apparatus for 'Red Braeburn', 'Jonagold Boerekamp', and 'Jonagold Novajo' cvs. was studied. Indicators of growth, fruiting processes, and fruit quality were also assessed. The foliar diagnosis results indicated that the level of mineral elements (N, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Fe) was within the limits of normality established for apple leaves, except for manganese, which accumulated in slightly excess (108.8, compared to 100.0 ppm). On average, during the experiment, the fertilization variants significantly increased the foliar level of mineral elements such as K, Cu, and Fe, compared to the control. Regarding the growth-fruiting processes, the mean of the tree trunk cross-sectional area annual growth was 6.6 cm2. Given that the percentage of fruit set fluctuated around 66.9%, a fruit yield of 66.8 t/ha was obtained. On average, the percentage of fruit set increased significantly by 16.9-19.5% when CropMax (0.2%), M1 (0.5%), and M2 (0.5%) products were applied, and fruit yield by 19.3-21.2% for Poly-Feed (1%) and Fertisol (2 kg/tree). The fruit weight ranged from 72.3 to 443.2 g, with an average of 166.5 g. The average values recorded for firmness, juice pH and total soluble content were 76.4 units HPE-II- FFF Bareiss, 3.6, and 12.7°Brix respectively. All fertilization treatments significantly increased the average weight of the fruit, by 6.2-9.2%, compared to the untreated variant. The results of the study certify the favorable effect of supplementing the fertilization plans with the studied products, containing biostimulators that enhance and harmonize the physiological processes of the apple in a high-density system.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47773131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF SCAB AND POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE OF APPLE GERMPLASM COLECTTED AT RIFG PITESTI","authors":"M. Militaru, M. Călinescu, E. Mareși, Adina Iancu, Song Young-un, Shin Yong-seub","doi":"10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v38.2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"The rising incidence of biotic and abiotic stresses makes commercial fruit production increasingly difficult in Europe, especially apple orchards which are affected by fungal diseases, like scab and powdery mildew, caused by Venturia inaequalis Cooke Winter and Podosphaera leucotricha Ellis & Everh. Salmon. Releasing and planting of apple resistant cultivars is a promising strategy. A set of 527 apple cultivars from the apple gene bank collected at Research Institute for Fruit Growing (RIFG) Pitești was evaluated for the incidence of scab (on leaves and fruits) and powdery mildew (on leaves and top shoots) in three consecutive years (2018, 2019 and 2020). Phenotypic results were compared to data reported at the evaluation made in 2006. Unfortunately, the incidence of both scab and powdery mildew increased significantly in the last years. In 2021, 48 Romanian apple cultivars were analyzed with molecular markers linked to Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi5, Rvi6, Rvi8 and Plw. The markers linked to Rvi6 was detected in 31 cultivars. Alleles linked to Plw were expressed from three cultivars. The information on resistance / susceptibility of apple genetic resources towards economically important diseases is important for breeding. Using a systematic screening of the apple cultivar collection, several cultivars with high value for resistance breeding and sustainable growing were identified.","PeriodicalId":37667,"journal":{"name":"Fruit Growing Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44573402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}