{"title":"PANDANGAN DOSEN UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN CADAR: STUDI KOMPARATIF PUSAT STUDI WANITA DAN PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN BAHASA","authors":"Amamur Rohman Hamdani","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1532","url":null,"abstract":"Kebijakan membina dan mendata mahasiswi bercadar di lingkungan Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta menuai kontroversi.Banyak yang mendukung kebijakan tersebut namun tak sedikit pula yang menolak karena dianggap melanggar hak-hak mahasiswi dalam menentukan model pakaiannya. Di sisi lain, rektor UIN Sunan Kalijaga beralasan bahwa pembinaan dan pendataan tersebut untuk membendung paham radikal yang sedang berkembang. Dalam konteks ini maka perlu diketahui bagaimana pandangan dosen-dosen UIN Sunan Kalijaga terkait penggunaan cadar.Tulisan ini secara spesifik membahas pandangan dosen UIN Sunan Kalijaga yang bergiat di Pusat Studi Wanita dan Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa.Keduanya merupakan lembaga resmi di bawah naungan UIN Sunan Kalijaga yang mempunyai konsentrasi kajian berbeda.Pusat Studi Wanita dengan kajian wanita yang bercorak moderat dan progresif sedangkan Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa dengan kajian pengembangan bahasa Arab dan bahasa Inggris.Namun bukan berarti keduanya tidak dapat diperbandingkan karena penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis yang memfokuskan bagaimana interaksi sosial dan budaya di masing-masing lembaga sehingga dapat diketahui latar belakang atau faktor dari hasil kesimpulan pandangan masing-masing lembaga tentang penggunaan cadar bagi wanita muslimah.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116959322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN MINUMAN KERAS","authors":"Rofiqoh Jumaylia","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1529","url":null,"abstract":"Perdagangan minuman keras telah menjadi profesi baru saat ini. Problematika tentang minuman keras tidak pernah surut pemberitahuannya melalui media cetak dan media elektronik. Korban yang berjatuhan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Minuman keras dapat beredar di kalangan masyarakat karena ada penyalurnya, seperti pedagang atau penjualnya. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan meningkatnya korban akibat minuman keras, baik dari tingkat usia maupun dari berbagai derajat sosial. Kriminalitas yang terjadi dapat berupa pemerkosaan, kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak (pedofilia),kerusuhan, tawuran, sampai pada kasus overdosis miras yang mengakibatkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, sebuah sanksi dan penegak hukum adalah suatu rangkaian yang menjadi titik kunci untuk menjadi problem soulving dalam permasalahan ini. Dalam hukum pidana positif, menentukan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana perdagangan minuman keras sesuai yang tercantum di dalam pasal 204 KUHP yang menentukan pidana penjara paling lama 15 tahun. Sedangkan di dalam hukum pidana Islam, hukuman yang diberikan akan ditetapkan berdasarkan keputusan penguasa atau hakim pada saat itu. Di dalam hukum pidana Islam, tindak pelanggaran ini termasuk dalam jarimah ta’zir yaitu jenis jarimah dan hukuman yang belum ada ketentuannya di dalam nash.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132314797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KEHUJAHAN HUKUM NEGARA SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PEMIKIRAN SAYYID MUḤAMMAD RASYÎD RIḌÂ DAN WAHBAH AZ-ZUḤAILÎ","authors":"Nasrullah Ainul Yaqin","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1419","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the state law as the source of Islamic law in the course of usul fikih is still rarely performed by scholars of usul fikih, especially when discussing the sources of Islamic law; except what is done by Wahbah az-Zuḥailî in his usul fikih (al-Fiqh al-Islâmî), where he fully and comprehensively explains that State law can not be used as a source of Islamic law because it results from an intellectual sich. On the other hand, far beyond that, Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ has discussed in detail the state's jurisdiction as a source of Islamic law in his tafsir (al-Manâr). He accepted in absolute terms the jurisdiction of the State as a source of Islamic law from which the law contained the value of justice. Nothing else because the law of God is justice itself, as many are described in the Qur'an. According to Wahbah az-Zuḥailî the State law can not be used as a source of Islamic law because it is derived from the mere intellect, in which the scholars have agreed that pure reason can not be used as a source of Islamic law. Therefore, the law of the State can be used as a source of Islamic law if the law is based on divine revelation, either directly (Qur'an and Hadith) or not (general rules and spirit of Islamic law). In addition, although there are differences in views, there is an intersection between the two minds, which is equally acceptable to the state's jurisdiction as a source of Islamic law. Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ received the law of the State as a source of Islamic law from which the law contained justice, while Wahbah az-Zuḥailî received it from the law was based on divine revelation, whether it be directly or indirectly.Kata Kunci: Usul fikih, Hukum Negara, Sayyid Muḥammad Rasyîd Riḍâ, Wahbah az-Zuḥailî.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"94 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126050866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TANGGUNG JAWAB PIDANA KORUPSI RUMAH SAKIT","authors":"Hasrul Buamona","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1420","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital is an institution that provides health services both preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitation to the public at large. In addition, the hospital is a solid institution of capital, technology and human resources, thus potentially causing problems both internally and externally. Hospitals were previously regarded as social institutions that provide medical assistance to the wider community, but at the present time the position of hospitals has undergone a change, formerly in the form of social institutions becoming corporate institutions that lead to the dominant health services seeking economic benefits. Problems that arise in the present moment, when a medical error occurs by a doctor or health care provider, the patient only demands a criminal doctor and never asks for corporate criminal responsibility. With this issue that makes the author to interested in assessing whether the hospital can be held accountable corporate criminal. So in the study of the authors obtained a conclusion that the hospital can be asked for criminal responsibility because the hospital as a corporation is a legal subject that has rights and duties as well as humans. In addition the legal doctrine of Vicaroius Liability and Strict Liability clarifies that the employer / employer who hires a worker / employee can be responsible as long as his / her relationship with the relationship in a hospital / corporation.Kata Kunci : Tanggung Jawab Pidana, Korporasi, Rumah Sakit","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128331368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DIVINITAS DAN HUMANITAS DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM","authors":"Ali Sodiqin","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1418","url":null,"abstract":"Islamic law from its source is divine law because it is based on God’s revelation, but from its implementation, Islamic law is human made law, which is interpretation of revelation. So that in Islamic law contained the side of divinity and humanity, absolute character on one side and relative on the other side. The implication, which is called Islamic law is all the interpretation of the revelations made by the mujtahids. In Islamic criminal law, that reality also occurs. Although the source is revelation, the humanity aspect receives an important attention in Islamic criminal law. The purpose of establishing Islamic criminal law is to uphold human rights, such as the right to life, the right to marry, the right to property, the right of self-esteem, the right to think, and other basic rights. The guarantee of human rights protection is also seen in the form of penal sanctions, law enforcement models and law enforcement orientations. Legal sanctions are not the goal of law enforcement but the means or strategies so that they are adaptable. Law enforcement refers to restorative justice involving perpetrators, victims, communities, and the state. The legal orientation is not only to resolve legal conflicts, but to enforce social defense.Kata Kunci: hak asasi manusia, jinayah, restorative justice, perlindungan sosial ","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115466125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ABORSI JANIN CACAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM","authors":"F. Zein","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1421","url":null,"abstract":"Abortion has generally been considered cruel, inhumane, and contrary to religious law and doctrine. However, the law of abortion in particular needs to be studied in more depth, as there are various causes, not only one form, that underlie it.This paper examines how abortion is done due to indications of fetal defects according to Islamic law. This research is a type of normative legal research that is prescriptive, because this research is a scientific research to find the truth based on scientific logic from the side of law, using the approach of fiqh. The types of legal materials that the author uses are primary and secondary legal materials. The primary legal materials include the Qur'an, al-Hadith, and the fiqh books, while the secondary legal materials used are the literature that is in accordance with the object of study including Law no. 36 Year 2009 on Health. Data analysis technique is used with deductive logic. Based on the study findings, the conclusions are, first, the law of abortion is haram though in various levels in accordance with the development of fetal life. Second, Medical advancement has now been able to detect fetal damage before the age of four months. It is not considered accurate if the doctor makes the assumption that after birth the baby will experience a blemish such as blindness, deafness, or mute and that those defects are considered a cause that permits abortion. Such defects are actually disabilities that have been known in the wider community throughout human life and carried by many people. Third, nevertheless, in the first 40 days, and before the age of the fetus reaching 120 days in the womb, the fetus is in the phase of a clot of flesh and blood. If a trusted doctor determines that the fetus has a malformed disability and it cannot be cured, and if left alive, the future conditions will become a problem for him and for his family. In this condition, abortion may be permitted, according to the parents’ request.Kata kunci: aborsi, janin cacat, Hukum Islam","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124337300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KEDUDUKAN JANDA DALAM HUKUM WARIS ADAT, PERDATA, DAN ISLAM: KAJIAN INTEGRATIF","authors":"Abd. Halim","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1417","url":null,"abstract":"The inheritance law prevailing in indonesia is pluralistic since it consists of customary inheritance law (Adat), civil inheritance law (KUH Perdata), and Islamic inheritance law. This is inseparable from the politic of law performed by Dutch-Indische Government about population classsification in article 131 and 163 Indische Staatsregeling (S.1855-2). The influence of this policy is visible even now because there are some differences in their principles and norms. The difference in principle such as application of “legitieme portie” principle that is exist in civil inheritance law is unheard in Adat law, while the Islamic law has ijbrari principle. Another differences lay in the inheritance elements. In Adat, element of kinship between someone and his/her heir is very important. Civil inheritance law, in other hand, has two ways to determine how the heritage can be passed down, first is arranged in constitution, and second is mentioned in testament letter. Islamic law also has two ways to determine the inheritance right that consist of kinship elements (nasabiyah) and inheritance relations that built by marriage, etc (sababiyah). The consequence of this differences affecting widow’s position as a heir because of its acknowledgement in civil and Islamic law, while Adat doesn’t recognize it. This paper is trying to find a way to integrate this matter with law harmonisation theory and other relevant theories.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129105281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP POLA BAGI HASIL (MUDARABAH) PADA BUMP (STUDI KASUS DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-LUQMANIYYAH UMBULHARJO YOGYAKARTA)","authors":"Y. Putra","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1425","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Luqmaniyyah boarding business entity is an independent and well-systemed business applying the principle of mudarabah. In its operation, the BUMP (Pesantren owned enterprise) is domiciled as the owner of capital and santri and teacher as mudharib or capital manager. In mudarabah theory, there are harmonies and conditions that must be met. If one of the pillars and requirements is not met then the practice of mudarabah will be canceled or damaged. The mudarabah pattern in BUMP in Pondok Pesantren Al-Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta akad mudarabahnya can be said not deviate from the teachings of Islamic religion, it is seen from the fulfillment of conditions and harmoniousness, conformity with Islamic principles on economic regulation (muamalah) and syari'ah business ethics. Mudarabah pattern practiced in BUMP Pondok Pesantren Al Luqmaniyyah consists of several business entities, but not all the same in applying the profit sharing pattern. There are several business entities in BUMP that apply revenue sharing principles such as revenue sharing system before deduction of operating expense from business, and others apply profit sharing principle, where profit sharing is calculated after deduction of operational cost from the business entityKata Kunci: mudharabah, Badan Usaha Milik Pesantren, revenue sharing, profit sharing","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134325540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PEMBARUAN PEMIKIRAN HUKUM ISLAM: Studi tentang Teori Hudud Muhammad Syahrur","authors":"Fuad Mustafid","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v5i2.1423","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades, the awareness of the importance of reforming Islamic legal thought has been increasing. This is triggered by the fact that the existing Islamic law is considered less able to respond to various problems that arise and develop in the modern world. As a result, Islamic law is seen or deemed to be incompatible with the times. This is of course contrary to the doctrine or belief that Islam is a plenary religion that will always be in harmony with the times. This anxiety also afflicted Muhammad Syahrur, prompting him to examine carefully and deeply the teachings of Islam, especially those contained in God's revelation. From his careful and profound study of God's revelation, Syahrur succeeded in formulating a theory of legal excavation which became known as hudud theory. This theory is expected to be a means to reform in the field of Islamic law. This paper will try to study the theory hudud (nazhariyyah al-hudud) offered by Syahrur.Kata Kunci: Muhammad Syahrur, teori hudud, pembaruan pemikiran hukum Islam","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122282979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HUKUM BADAL HAJI MENURUT PANDANGAN MAJELIS TARJIH DAN TAJDID MUHAMMADIYAH DAN LAJNAH BAHTSUL MASAIL NAHDLATUL ULAMA","authors":"A. Makrus","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.2322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.2322","url":null,"abstract":"Islam provides dispensation for those who have not been able to meet these requirements not to perform the pilgrimage. Anyone who does not fulfill one of the pre-determined requirements, namely Islam, is reasonable, mature, independent, and capable, is not obliged to perform the pilgrimage. However, it is different with people who have been sick or died before having time to perform the pilgrimage in this case there is a difference of opinion among scholars. People who are sick or die and have more assets but are physically incapable of performing Hajj are replaced by other people called Badal Hajj. The Muhammadiyah Tarjih and Tajdid Council and Lajnah Bahtsul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama' differ in their views on the legal issue of hajj. The Tarjih Council and the Tajdid Muhammadiyah in their decision allowed Badal Hajj, because it adhered to the Hadith of the Khas'am tribe narrated by Ibn Abbas ra which stated that by delegating his pilgrimage to his children or relatives, he had to fulfill the mandatory Hajj requirements. Meanwhile, Lajnah Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama decided on the permissibility of making other people's pilgrimages. The istinbat method always uses the opinions of previous scholars, so that the decisions are relevant to the opinions of previous scholars in their classical works. Lajnah Bathsul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama does not provide a limit on the badal of Hajj, and a person has the right to make another person's pilgrimage even though he is not from the family and must meet certain conditions, namely that he has performed Hajj first.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121170730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}