Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum最新文献

{"title":"The Formalist vs Realist Constructs on Marriage Registration in Indonesia: A Study of the Perspectives of Kyai from Nahdlatul Ulama in Rembang","authors":"Abdul Rozak, Hasan Akbar","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3187","url":null,"abstract":"Marriage registration plays an important role in safeguarding the rights of a marriage. However, it is often overlooked for various reasons. The validity of unregistered marriages has been a topic of debate until now. This research aims to answer the problems: 1) What is the social construction of the NU Rembang elite regarding marriage registration in the Islamic Law Compilation? and 2) What is the view of the NU Rembang elite regarding marriages that are not registered?. To answer these two problems, in this research the author chose to use qualitative research with Peter L. Berger's social construction theory approach. Data obtainded by in depth interview to the NU Rembang elite selected who were active and involved in legal matters from both structural and non-structural circles, totaling four people, including: KH. Chazim Mabrur, KH Syarofuddin Ismail Qoimaz, KH Chamid Mabrur, and KH Ahmad Sunarto. Research findings show that based on social construction theory, the NU Rembang elite is divided into two groups, namely formalists and realists. The thoughts of the NU Rembang elite regarding marriages that are not registered based on this typology are as follows: for the formalist group, marriages that are not registered are still valid. Meanwhile, for the realistic group, marriages that are not registered are invalid. The implication of this research is that it highlights the differences in views between two groups of NU Rembang elites regarding marriage registration in the Compilation of Islamic Law. However, it should be noted that the researched issues related to marriage registration are only a small part of the legal issues of marriage in Indonesia. Therefore, further research is needed to explore other untouched issues, which can then be developed by future researchers.[Pencatatan perkawinan berperan penting dalam menjaga hak-hak dalam sebuah perkawinan. Akan tetapi, perkara ini sering kali diabaikan karena berbagai sebab. Keabsahan perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan telah menjadi tema perdebatan hingga kini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan: 1) Bagaimana konstruksi sosial elit NU Rembang tentang pencatatan perkawinan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam? dan 2) Bagaimana pandangan elit NU Rembang tentang perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan? Untuk menjawab kedua permasalahan tersebut, dalam penelitian ini penulis memilih menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan teori konstruksi sosial Peter L. Berger. Data diperoleh melalui interview mendalam kepada Elit NU Rembang yang aktif dan terlibat dalam masalah hukum baik dari kalangan struktural maupun non struktural yang berjumlah empat orang, antara lain: KH. Chazim Mabrur, KH Syarofuddin Ismail Qoimaz, KH Chamid Mabrur, dan KH Ahmad Sunarto. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan teori konstruksi sosial, elit NU Rembang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu formalis dan realis. Pemikiran elit NU Rembang tentang pernikahan yang tidak dicatatkan berdasarkan tipologi terse","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adopting Comparative Fiqh Methodology in Islamic Jurisprudence: Facing Contemporary Challenges with Ethical Considerations","authors":"Affa Mohammed Saeed Osman","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3203","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges faced by contemporary Muslim communities are increasingly complex and multifaceted. To address these challenges effectively, there is a growing recognition of the necessity of adopting a comparative methodology within Islamic jurisprudence. The objective of this study is to underscore the importance of incorporating a comparative methodology in Islamic jurisprudence to navigate the diverse and evolving challenges in the modern world. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, using a qualitative research methods. This study found that the impact of incorporating comparative methodology in Islamic jurisprudence is profound. It promotes relevance, harmony, ethical guidance, and adaptability while fostering consensus, community empowerment, and interdisciplinary engagement. The comparative methodology within Islamic jurisprudence is an indispensable tool for addressing contemporary challenges. It fosters a deeper understanding of diverse perspectives and promotes harmonious coexistence among different schools of thought. By embracing a dynamic and adaptable approach, Islamic law can effectively respond to the multifaceted issues of the modern world while preserving its core values and principles. This research provides practical recommendations for scholars, jurists, and policymakers on how to incorporate comparative methodology in addressing contemporary challenges within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence.[Tantangan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Muslim kontemporer semakin kompleks dan beragam. Untuk mengatasi tantangan-tantangan ini secara efektif, ada pengakuan yang semakin besar akan perlunya mengadopsi metodologi komparatif dalam fikih Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggarisbawahi pentingnya menggabungkan metodologi perbandingan dalam yurisprudensi Islam untuk menavigasi tantangan yang beragam dan terus berkembang di dunia modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan multidisipliner, menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dampak dari penggabungan metodologi komparatif dalam yurisprudensi Islam sangat besar. Metode ini mendorong relevansi, harmoni, panduan etika, dan kemampuan beradaptasi sambil mendorong konsensus, pemberdayaan masyarakat, dan keterlibatan interdisipliner. Metodologi komparatif dalam fikih Islam adalah alat yang sangat diperlukan untuk menjawab tantangan kontemporer. Metodologi ini menumbuhkan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang perspektif yang beragam dan mendorong koeksistensi yang harmonis di antara berbagai mazhab. Dengan merangkul pendekatan yang dinamis dan mudah beradaptasi, hukum Islam dapat secara efektif merespons berbagai isu dunia modern sambil tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai dan prinsip-prinsip utamanya. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi praktis bagi para cendekiawan, ahli hukum, dan pembuat kebijakan tentang bagaimana menggabungkan metodologi komparatif dalam menjawab tantangan kontemporer dalam kerangka yurisprudensi Islam.]","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gray Divorce at Palembang Religious Court 2022: Factors Associated with Old Age Divorce","authors":"Ellis Lindini Putri, Rusmala Dewi, Ari Azhari","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3231","url":null,"abstract":"Divorce is a phenomenon that is experienced in various age ranges, including among the elderly showing an increasing trend. Previous studies emphasize the negative impact of divorce in old age. This study aims to identify the factors that lead to divorce among the elderly, particularly in the Palembang Religious Court, as well as understand the judges' views on this phenomenon. This field research used a qualitative approach, involving interviews with four judges and analyzing 56 divorce decisions among the elderly. The findings show that elderly couples tend to delay divorce in order to sustain the household, especially for the sake of their children. The decision to divorce is made when they feel unable to endure further problems, considering the greater impact. Thirteen main factors were cited as reasons why elderly couples decided to divorce. While judges attempted mediation, they did not have the authority to force a settlement. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable guidance for legal practitioners and policy makers in designing programs to prevent divorce at an elderly age. The limitation of this study lies in its focus only on the views of judges and decisions in religious courts. Examining the opinions of older people who have divorced directly has not been done, an aspect that needs further research.[Perceraian merupakan fenomena yang terjadi di berbagai rentang usia, termasuk di kalangan lansia yang menunjukkan peningkatan tren. Kajian sebelumnya menegaskan dampak negatif dari perceraian di usia lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memicu perceraian di kalangan lansia, khususnya di Pengadilan Agama Palembang, serta memahami pandangan hakim terhadap fenomena ini. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, melibatkan wawancara dengan empat hakim dan menganalisis 56 putusan perceraian di kalangan lansia. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pasangan lanjut usia cenderung menunda perceraian demi mempertahankan rumah tangga, terutama demi anak-anak mereka. Keputusan bercerai diambil ketika mereka merasa tak mampu lagi menahan permasalahan lebih lanjut, dengan pertimbangan dampak yang lebih besar. Terdapat tiga belas faktor utama yang menjadi alasan pasangan lanjut usia dalam memutuskan perceraian. Meskipun hakim berupaya melakukan mediasi, namun mereka tidak memiliki kewenangan untuk memaksa perdamaian. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan panduan berharga bagi praktisi hukum dan pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang program pencegahan perceraian di usia lanjut. Keterbatasan penelitian ini terletak pada fokusnya yang hanya pada pandangan hakim dan putusan di pengadilan agama. Menguji pendapat lansia yang telah bercerai secara langsung belum dilakukan, menjadi aspek yang perlu diteliti lebih lanjut.]","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seeking Harmony over Punishment: Restorative Justice Approaches to Domestic Violence in Islamic and Indonesian Legal Frameworks","authors":"Inna Fauzi, Any Ismayawati, Azka Hanani","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i2.3192","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic violence in its various forms occured, yet often victims of violence are reluctant to separate from their perpetrators. Reasons such as social, economic, and religious considerations to maintain the household make some victims of domestic violence withdraw their reports and forgive the perpetrators for the sake of household continuity. This research aims to answer what is the perspective of restorarive jastice in Islam and Indonesian national law in domestic violence cases? This research was conducted using a literature research method that explores relevant data in relation to this topic. This research used juridical-normative approach, which then analyzes the data using the concept of restorative justice in Islam and Indonesian national law.The results show that based on the restorative justice system, both in Islam and Indonesian national law, both provide opportunities for perpetrators and victims to restore conflict. The difference is that the concept of restorative justice in Islam emphasizes God's rights and human rights.So that the output can be in the form of victim forgiveness, as well as diyat (fine) sanctions for the perpetrator. Meanwhile, in the restorative justice system of Indonesian state law, it no longer focuses on the concept of imprisonment. Furthermore, this regulation aims for preventive, protective, repressive, and consolidative efforts. This article is limited to an overview of the comparison of restorative justice systems in Islam and Indonesian national law in handling domestic violence cases theoretically.[Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) dalam berbagai bentuknya sering terjadi, namun seringkali korban kekerasan enggan untuk berpisah dengan pelaku. Alasan seperti kebutuhan sosial, ekonomi, dan pertimbangan agama untuk mempertahankan rumah tangga membuat beberapa korban KDRT mencabut laporan mereka dan memaafkan pelaku demi kelangsungan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab bagaimana perspektif restorarive jastice dalam Islam dan hukum nasional Indonesia dalam kasus kekerasan domestik?. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka yang menggali data relevan sehubungan dengan topik ini. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan yuridis-normatif secara umum, yang kemudian menganalisis data dengan menggunakan konsep restorative justice dalam Islam dan hukum nasional Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan sistem restorative justice, baik dalam Islam dan hukum nasional Indonesia, sama-sama memberikan kesempatan bagi pelaku dan korban untuk memulihkan konflik. Bedanya, dalam konsep restorative justice Islam lebih menekankan pada hak Tuhan dan Hak manusia. Sehingga outputnya dapat berupa pemaafan korban, maupun sanksi diyat (denda) bagi pelaku. Sedangkan dalam sistem restorative justice hukum negara Indonesia, tidak lagi fokus pada konsep pemenjaraan. Lebih jauh, peraturan ini bertujuan untuk upaya prefentif, protektif, represif, dan konsolidatif. Artikel ini t","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139235117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemilihan Makanan dan Minuman Yang Tidak Memiliki Sertifikat Halal: Kajian Maqashid Asy-Syari’ah","authors":"Widiawati Widiawati, Zahra Andini, Khilwa Khabibah, Musyaffa Amin Ash Shabah","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3079","url":null,"abstract":"Allah SWT has established permissible and prohibited matters in Islam, including the consumption of food and beverages. Muslim consumers must carefully select and choose the products they consume based on the Halal (permissible) and Haram (prohibited) guidelines outlined in the Quran and Hadith. Thus, it is crucial to comprehend the Islamic legal perspective on consumer choices regarding food and beverages without Halal certification. This study employs the library research method, utilizing secondary legal sources such as books, journals, scholarly works, and others to gather relevant data. The research involves reading, examining, and analyzing pertinent literature to provide a deeper understanding of the Islamic legal foundations concerning the consumption of food and beverages lacking Halal certification. Additionally, it depicts the differences of opinions among scholars and their implications for Muslim consumers. The research also offers insights into the role of Halal certification institutions and alternative solutions to assist consumers in selecting Halal food and beverages. The primary sources of Islamic law are the Quran and the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad, with the utilization of ijtihad  by scholars to address matters indirectly regulated by these sources. [Dalam Islam, Allah SWT telah menetapkan hal-hal yang dilarang dan diperbolehkan, termasuk dalam mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman. Konsumen muslim perlu memilih dengan bijak produk yang akan mereka konsumsi, mengingat adanya aturan tentang halal dan haram yang telah tercantum dalam Al-Quran dan Hadis. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap perspektif hukum Islam terhadap pilihan konsumen dalam memilih makanan dan minuman yang tidak memiliki sertifikat halal sangat penting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dengan menggunakan sumber sekunder seperti buku, jurnal, dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis membaca, menelaah, dan menganalisis bahan pustaka yang relevan terhadap masalah yang diteliti. Tujuannya adalah memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang landasan hukum Islam terkait konsumsi makanan dan minuman tanpa sertifikat halal, serta menggambarkan perbedaan pendapat di antara ulama dan implikasinya bagi konsumen muslim. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memberikan wawasan tentang peran lembaga sertifikasi halal dan alternatif solusi dalam membantu konsumen dalam memilih makanan dan minuman yang halal. Sumber utama hukum Islam adalah Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Nabi Muhammad, dengan pengggunaan ijitihad (penafsiran) oleh ulama untuk memecahkan masalah yang secara tidak langsung diatur oleh sumber-sumber tersebut. Konsep halal dan haram memiliki signifikasi penting dalam Islam.]","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122453289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perkawinan Beda Agama Perspektif Undang-Undang Perkawinan, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, dan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia No. 4/MUNAS VII/MUI/8/2005","authors":"Nanda Azizah Putri, Aida Aldilla Najwa, A. Saputri, Musyaffa Amin Ash Shabah","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3070","url":null,"abstract":"Interfaith marriages still occur in Indonesia. Interfaith marriage is a complex and interesting topic to discuss. There are many things to consider when two people of different religions decide to get married and form a family. This marriage often raises very complex issues where men and women of different faiths want to enter into interfaith marriages in order to obtain the status of a relationship, regardless of whether the relationship is forbidden or permissible in Islamic teachings. The method used is qualitative research with a literature review approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that interfaith marriage between muslims and members of other religions is not permissible and haram. In the positive law of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 Article 2 paragraph (1) it is explained that marriage is valid if it is carried out according to the laws of each religion. According to the Compilation of Islamic Law, articles 40 and 44 of Chapter VI strictly prohibit interfaith marriages between muslim men and non-muslim women and muslim women with non-muslim men. Meanwhile, MUI fatwa number 4/MUNAS VII/MUI/8/2005 explains that interfaith marriage is haram and invalid.[Pernikahan beda agama masih terjadi di Indonesia. Pernikahan beda agama merupakan topik yang kompleks dan menarik untuk dibahas. Ada banyak hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan ketika dua orang dari agama yang berbeda memutuskan untuk menikah dan membentuk keluarga. Pernikahan ini seringkali menimbulkan permasalahan yang sangat kompleks dimana laki-laki dan perempuan berbeda keyakinan ingin melangsungkan pernikahan beda agama demi mendapatkan status sebuah hubungan, terlepas dari apakah hubungan tersebut dilarang atau diperbolehkan dalam ajaran Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literature review. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pernikahan beda agama antara umat Islam dengan umat agama lain hukumnya tidak diperbolehkan dan haram. Dalam hukum positif Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Pasal 2 ayat (1) dijelaskan bahwa pernikahan adalah sah apabila dilakukan menurut hukum masing-masing agama. Menurut Kompilasi Hukum Islam pada pasal 40 dan 44 Bab VI dengan tegas melarang perkawinan antar agama baik laki-laki muslim dengan wanita non-muslim maupun wanita muslim dengan laki-laki non-muslim. Sedangkan dalam fatwa MUI nomor 4/MUNAS VII/MUI/8/2005 menjelaskan bahwa pernikahan beda agama adalah haram dan tidak sah.]","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129913976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penguasaan Tanah oleh Negara Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam","authors":"Yagus Suyadi, Risahlan Rafsanzani","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3073","url":null,"abstract":"The government, as the administrator of the state, is obligated to fulfill the welfare of the broader society. To fulfill this task, the state has rights and obligations regarding land management within its territory. In practice, there are many lands that are not managed by their owners (citizens). Can the state take over the ownership of those lands for the purpose of promoting the welfare of the wider society? This article seeks to answer how the law allows the state to take ownership of lands based on the perspective of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) and Islamic Land Law. This article is a literature review based on the study and analysis of available legal sources in the form of written materials such as books, journals, and legislative documents. The article adopts a statutory approach to understand and interpret the applicable legal regulations. The findings of this article suggest that both the state law stated in UUPA and Islamic law based on the opinions of scholars grant the government/state the right and obligation to manage the lands. According to Government Regulation (PP) No. 20 of 2021, the government is authorized to take over abandoned lands. Similarly, in Islamic law, based on the opinion of Umar that has reached a consensus (ijma'), lands abandoned by their owners for a period of three years can be taken over by the government/state. This means that both positive law and Islamic law sanction the acquisition of abandoned lands for the purpose of proper government management and utilization for the public prosperity.[Pemerintah sebagai pengelola negara diwajibkan untuk memenuhi kesejahteraan masyarakat luas. Untuk memenuhi tugas tersebut, negara memiliki hak dan kewajiban atas pengelolaan tanah yang berada dalam wilayahnya. Pada faktanya, banyak tanah yang tidak dikelola oleh pemiliknya (warga negara). Apakah tanah tersebut dapat diambil alih kepemilikannya oleh negara dalam rangka pemenuhan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang lebih luas? artikel ini berusaha menjawab bagaimana hukum pnegambilan hak tanah terlantar oleh negeara berdasarkan perspektif (UUPA) dan Hukum Pertanahan dalam Islam. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian pustaka yang didasarkan pada studi dan analisis terhadap sumber-sumber hukum yang tersedia dalam bentuk tulisan, seperti buku, jurnal, atau dokumen perundang-undangan. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang untuk memahami dan menginterpretasi peraturan-peraturan hukum yang berlaku. Artikel ini meneukan bahwa baik hukum negara yang tercantum dalam UUPA dan hukum Islam yang bersumber dari pendapat ulama, sama-sama memberikan hak dan kewajiban kepada pemerintah/negara untuk mengelola tanah. Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) No 20 Tahun 2021, pemerintah dapat mengambil alih tanah yang ditelantarkan oleh pemiliknya. Adapun dalam hukum Islam, berdasarkan pendapat Umar yang menjadi ijma’, tanah yang ditelantarkan pemiliknya dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun dapat diambil alih oleh pemerintah/negara. Artinya, baik huku","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127137459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Illat, Hikmah, Qiyas: Studi Pemikiran Imam Ar-Razi dan Imam Al-Amidi tentang Penetapan Hukum dalam Istinbat Qiyasi","authors":"Muhammad Minanur Rahman, W. G. A. Wahid","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3045","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of scholars state that hikmah cannot be considered as an ‘illat (legal cause) due to its abstract and elusive nature. This article aims to examine the views of Imam ar-Razi and Imam al-Amidi regarding hikmah as an ‘illat in Islamic jurisprudence, identify their similarities and differences, and explore the implications for legal deduction. This research uses a literature review methodology with a comparative analysis of the works of Imam ar-Razi and Imam al-Amidi as the primary data sources. The article utilizes usul al-fiqh, a methodological approach to the study of legal issues based on the framework of ‘illat and the hikmah of the law in Islamic jurisprudence. The findings of this article indicate that Imam ar-Razi rejects the use of hikmah as an ‘illat, arguing that hikmah is uncertain and its nature is not constant for every law. On the other hand, Imam al-Amidi suggests that a law accompanied by a clear nature can contain hidden hikmah. The commonality in the thinking of both scholars lies in their rejection of ta’lilul ahkam bi al-hikmah. They argue that hikmah is difficult to ascertain and possesses an abstract nature. There are three key differences between these two scholars: in terms of methodology, thinking, and implications.[Sebagian besar ulama berpendapat bahwa hikmah tidak dapat menjadi ‘illat karena sifatnya yang abstrak dan sulit dipahami. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemikiran Imam ar-Razi dan Imam al-Amidi mengenai hikmah sebagai ‘illat hukum, menemukan persamaan dan perbedaannya, serta implikasinya terhadap istinbat hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan analisis komparatif berdasarkan karya Imam ar-Razi dan Imam al-Amidi sebagai sumber data utama. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah usul al-fiqh, yang merupakan pendekatan untuk memahami masalah hukum berdasarkan kerangka teori ‘illat dan hikmah hukum dalam usul fiqh. Penemuan dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa Imam ar-Razi menolak penggunaan hikmah sebagai ‘illat dengan alasan bahwa hikmah itu tidak dapat diketahui dengan pasti dan sifatnya tidak tetap untuk setiap hukum. Di sisi lain, Imam al-Amidi berpendapat bahwa hukum yang disertai dengan sifat yang jelas dapat mengandung hikmah yang tersembunyi. Persamaan dalam pemikiran kedua tokoh ini adalah penolakan terhadap ta’lilul ahkam bi al-hikmah. Mereka berpendapat bahwa hikmah sulit untuk ditemukan dan bersifat abstrak. Terdapat tiga perbedaan utama antara kedua tokoh tersebut: dalam metode, pemikiran, dan implikasi hukumnya.]","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129430908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antara Dua Kemafsadatan: Respon Fikih atas Praktik Jual Beli Alat Kontrasepsi Secara Bebas di Kota Batusangkar","authors":"Fauzia Fauzia, Vivi Rahma","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v11i1.3047","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the sale of contraceptive devices in pharmacies around the city of Batusangkar, which is done freely without specific supervision. This has led to the misuse of contraceptives by the community, particularly among young people who engage in casual sex. The article is based on a field research conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data was obtained through interviews and documentation with pharmacy employees, consumers who have purchased contraceptive devices, and the Investment and Integrated One-Stop Service Agency of Tanah Datar Regency. The data analysis involved data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the sale of contraceptive devices in Batusangkar is conducted freely without any specific requirements or regulations imposed by the pharmacies. According to the perspective of Fikih Muamalah, the sale of contraceptive devices in pharmacies in Batusangkar is allowed as long as it meets the conditions and principles of a valid transaction and is used in accordance with the applicable rules. However, if the contraceptive devices are used for actions considered sinful, such transactions are not permissible The determination of the permissibility or prohibition of buying and selling contraceptives among unmarried teenagers and children needs to consider which harm is greater, whether to prohibit or allow it. This article discusses various possible harms that arise from the practice of buying and selling contraceptives, taking into account relevant principles of Islamic jurisprudence.[Artikel ini mengulas tentang penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Apotek sekitar Kota Batusangkar yang dilakukan secara bebas tanpa pengawasan khusus. Hal ini telah menyebabkan penyalahgunaan alat kontrasepsi oleh masyarakat, terutama di kalangan pemuda dan pemudi yang terlibat dalam hubungan seks bebas. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan berasal dari wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan karyawan Apotek, konsumen yang pernah melakukan pembelian alat kontrasepsi, serta Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Kota Batusangkar dilakukan secara bebas tanpa adanya persyaratan atau ketentuan khusus dari pihak Apotek. Menurut pandangan Fikih Muamalah, penjualan alat kontrasepsi di Apotek Kota Batusangkar diperbolehkan selama masih memenuhi persyaratan dan prinsip jual beli yang sah, serta digunakan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Namun, jika alat kontrasepsi tersebut digunakan untuk tindakan yang dianggap maksiat, maka transaksi tersebut tidak diperbolehkan. Penentuan halal dan haramnya praktik jual beli kontrasepsi di kalangan remaja dan anak-anak yan","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128322186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGEMBANGAN TEORI MAQASHID SYARI’AH DALAM KONTEKS MODERNITAS: STUDI PEMIKIRAN HUMANISME GUS DUR","authors":"Fauziah Salamah","doi":"10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.2859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.2859","url":null,"abstract":"Maqashid syariah sebagai sebuah teori menempati posisi penting dalam penggalian hukum islam dengan mempertimbangkan tujuan-tujuan pembentukan hukum islam. Perkembangan zaman menuntut pengembangan teori maqashid syariah agar islam shalih fi kulli zaman wa makan. Pengembangan maqashid syariah akan mencapai kemaslahatan bagi manusia yang hidup di era modern ini. Pengembangan konsep maqashid syariah, salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan pemenuhan hak-hak kemanusiaan yang dijunjung tinggi oleh konsep humanisme. Humanisme adalah paham atau pandangan mengenai manusia dan martabat-martabatnya. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk menggali bagaimana pengembangan konsep maqashid syariah melalui kajian humanisme. Tulisan ini fokus mengkaji konsep humanisme Gus Dur dengan beberapa pertimbangan. Pertama, Gus Dur merupakan tokoh Humanisme sekaligus tokoh Agama. Kedua, konsep humanisme Gus Dur didasarkan pada pemuliaan terhadap manusia sebgai kholifah fil ardl yang memiliki tugas mengupayakan kesejahteraan manusia, dan kesejahteraan tersebut dapat dicapai dengan pengembangan konsep maqashid syariah. Konsep Humanisme Gus Dur didasarkan pada pemenuhan hak-hak dasar manusia dan pengembangan struktur masyarakat yang adil. Konsep pengembangan maqashid syariah dalam humanisme Gus Dur adalah merujuk pada hak-hak asasi manusia diatas, yaitu hifdz-nafs atau hak hidup yaitu terjaminnya keselamatan fisik warga masyarakat dari tindakan badani di luar ketentuan hukum;hifdz-din atau hak kebebasan beragama atau kepercayaan yaitu terjaminnya keselamatan keyakinan agama masing-masing, tanpa ada paksaan untuk berpindah agama; hifdz-nasl yaitu terjaminnya keselamatan keluarga dan keturunan, hifdz-mal yaitu terjaminnya keselamatan harta benda dan milik pribadi di luar prosedur hukum; dan keselamatan profesi, hifdz-’aql tercermin dalam hak untuk mendapatkan pendidikan.","PeriodicalId":375931,"journal":{"name":"Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}