PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS最新文献

{"title":"APPLICATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FOR THE STUDY OF QUARRIES","authors":"A. Bermes, Andriy Bogucki, O. Tomeniuk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3829","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to analyse the prospects of studying quarry landforms by modern innovative research methods, namely using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The main tasks of this study are to research quarry landforms in the village of Korystova, create a geomorphological map and digital elevation model, and study modern anthropogenic and natural- past decade. The study results are the research of quarry landforms, their main elements mapping, the analysis of anthropogenic deformations and the load for the terrain, in particular, its anthropogenic processes using a UAV. The research source materials are detailed surveys of the quarry and its surroundings in 2015 and 2021 by UAV technologies and field research over the modification. The study also has applied value to the mining industry in the area of counting techniques of rock mining and the process of quarry reclamation.\u0000A 3D survey of the quarry as an anthropogenic form of relief was carried out in the village of Korystova in the Khmelnytskyi region using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). In order to study the morphometric characteristics of the forms and elements of the relief an orthophoto plan of the quarry was created, as well as a digital terrain model (DTM) and a digital elevation model (DEM). Changes in the anthropogenic load on the landforms as of July 2021 compared to 2015 were analysed, which were recorded on the corresponding orthophoto plan and digital elevation model. On their basis, geomorphological maps of the quarry territory were created, showing the major forms and elements of the relief. The main geomorphological processes (water erosion, landslides, etc.), the state of quarry land reclamation, and directions and prospects for further mineral extraction are characterized.\u0000It is demonstrated that modern means of scientific research, such as UAVs, are a promising source of geographic information that should be used for both fundamental and applied geomorphological research. With their use, it is possible to obtain much more detailed data for the study of specific natural and anthropogenic forms and elements of the relief, as well as to trace their dynamics in time and space with the necessary periodicity.\u0000Key words: quarry; reference section; unmanned aerial vehicle; digital terrain model; digital elevation model; morphometry of the relief; natural-anthropogenic processes.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130327376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIGH MOUNTAINS OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS: STATE AND PROBLEMS OF CONCEPTS AND TERMINOLOGY","authors":"A. Baitsar, P. Horishnyy","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3818","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of misreading and use of the term \"high mountains\" in science are considered. Under the conceptual and terminological apparatus is understood the scientific language of a particular field of knowledge. Instead of the term conceptual and terminological apparatus as equivalent use terminology, understanding them as a set of terms of a particular field of science, technology, or art, associated with the relevant system of concepts. The problem of terminology has occupied and continues to occupy an important place in geographical science, in particular in landscape science. Much of the terms and concepts are not always used successfully and expediently in a given context. Landscape science operates with a powerful terminological apparatus, which is constantly improving and evolving.\u0000On the example of the Ukrainian Carpathians, possible ways of organizing the conceptual apparatus, its optimal application for the description of high-altitude PTCs are proposed.\u0000The high mountains of the Ukrainian Carpathians are mountain PTC (high-altitude areas: peneplenized alpine-subalpine high mountains, ancient glacial-erosive subalpine high mountains) that rise above the natural upper limit of the forest (1240–2061 m; represented by peneplen and forms of Pleistocene glaciation; covered with alpine-subalpine vegetation on mountain-meadow-brown soil and mountain-peat-brown soils. This is a cold climate zone, which is divided into two subzones: colder and less cold. Colder subzone (from 1500 to 2000 m above sea level) is characterized by the sum of active temperatures less than 600° С, hydrothermal coefficient exceeds 5. Less cold subzone is limited by isolines of sums of temperatures 600–1000° С, and also hydrothermal coefficient respectively 5 and 4 (altitude 1250–1500 m asl).\u0000Scientific approaches in the study of alpine PTC are considered. The advantages of the landscape approach in the study of high mountains are presented.\u0000There is a false statement about the imaginary identity of objects of biogeocenology, ecology and landscape science. Solntsev M. (1967), Isachenko A. (1980) in their works showed the erroneousness of these views. The concept of biocenosis was first introduced by V. Sukachev in 1964. In its classical formulation it is a system of biocenosis and ecotope to which the microclimate in interaction with soil and lithology belongs. Thus, the main feature of the concept of biogeocenosis is that, in addition to the relationship between the biocenter of the system and the elements of the natural environment, there is a relationship between these elements. This allows the biogeocenologist to trace a slightly different path in the study of the high mountains.\u0000Changes in microclimatic features in the forest biocenosis can cause deviations in the water regime of the soil, which will weaken the stability of root systems and lead to the formation of windbreaks, windbreaks, dryness and other processes.\u0000The landscape approach provides an effective c","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130724203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE RELIEF OF THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE POLONYNA PLAIN USING GIS MODELING METHODS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL NEEDS","authors":"M. Teslovych, D. Krychevskа, V. Brusak","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3857","url":null,"abstract":"The development of forestry, tourism and recreation industries in the mountainous part of the Transcarpathian region contributes to the intensive manifestation of exogenous geomorphological processes. The risk of their manifestation largely depends on the morphometric characteristics of the terrain. The purpose of our research is to analyze the risks of the manifestation of erosion and other morphodynamic processes in the southeastern part of the Polonyna Rivna (Runa). A digital elevation model and morphometric maps of the steepness of the earth's surface and the exposure of the slopes of the study area were compiled. Based on it the GIS model \"Risk of manifestation of erosion processes and the state of protection of the slopes of the southeastern part of Polonyna Rivne\" was created. Zones with the highest degree of risk of erosion and other geomorphological processes were identified. Their areas and features of distribution were established. The results of the calculations are presented in the tables. The highest degree of risk of erosion processes is characteristic of slopes located west and south of the peaks of Hostra Hora (1,405 m) and Polonyna Runa (1,480 m), as well as in the the territory between the Latoritsa and Vycha rivers. They occupy 18.88% of the study area. The degree of protection of the geocomplexes of the slopes by the objects of the nature reserve fund, the designed structural elements of the regional ecological network of the Transcarpathian region and the Emerald network were clarified. The prospects for the creation of new multifunctional nature reserve institutions here — the regional landscape park \"Polonyna Rivna\" and the national landscape park \"Zhdymyr\" — are outlined. The purpose of creation of these environmental protection institutions is to establish nature protection management and conduct monitoring studies. In order to prevent the development of erosive and other geomorphological processes within the most erosively dangerous groups of slopes, it is necessary to prohibit the use of continuous forest felling, wood trawling by dragging, and the movement of tracked forestry and tourist vehicles (quadricycles, jeeps).\u0000Key words: Polonyna Rivna (Runa); exogenous geomorphological processes; steepness of the earth's surface; exposure of slopes; nature reserve objects; ecological network; Emerald network.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129287659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGIONAL GEOTURISTIC POTENTIAL TERNAVA RIVER VALLEYS IN THE LOWER COURSE","authors":"I. Kasiianyk, Yaroslav Naumuk, Ruslan Yakubasch, Lyubov Kasiianyk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3832","url":null,"abstract":"The publication highlights the regional features of the geotourism potential of the Ternava river valley (further on the river) and the conditions for the implementation of geotours, as basic components of the structure of the complex route “Terra Podolica”, the territory of Podilsk Transnistria, in particular within the study region. The advantages of the geographical location of the region in the system of regional tourist transfers have been established, which generally creates a demand for the development and implementation of geotourist routes here. The advantages of developing universal routes with spatial and content variations of tours, which are justified from an economic and eco-educational point of view, have been proven.\u0000The basic conditions and components of the geotourist potential of the Ternava River valley for the development of geotours within the selected locations with a description of their technical aspects are disclosed. The conditions for the effective implementation of geotours in the system of the regional recreation complex are determined. limiting factors and problematic aspects of their implementation. In particular, the role and features of relief forms in the visual-aesthetic perception of the landscape from the standpoint of developing interpretive geotours are revealed, and their technical parameters are described in detail from the standpoint of laying the route line.\u0000The factors of adaptation of promising geotourism products based on routes within the Ternava River valley to the needs of different groups of consumers are indicated. Meteorological and seasonal conditions for the sale of the specified geotourism products were analyzed. The Kytaygorod Outcrop and the conditions for carrying out activities within its boundaries have been determined as the main geotourism object.\u0000Prospective routes and variations of their spatial combination are characterized. An assessment of the complex combination of proposed routes (or their elements) within the Kamianets-Podilskyi – Bakota trunk route was carried out. The possibilities of component content specialization (in particular, litholo-paleontological and hydrological) routes have been demonstrated. An analysis of the effectiveness of promising geotourism development formats based on regional natural conditions was carried out. The results of the practical approbation of geotourism products are indicated.\u0000Key words: geotourism; resources; Ternava River; Podolia.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128677353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE UPON THE SUKIL RIVER BED FUNCTIONING","authors":"N. Rybak, L. Dubis","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3858","url":null,"abstract":"A river bed is a main indicator of the changes, including manmade ones that take place in their catchment basins. These changes are reflected in the river beds functioning, especially within the catchment basins located in the Ukrainian Carpathians. These basins have been noticeably affected by human impact during last century. The Sukil River (left tributary of the Svicha River) is one of them. By the relief morphology features and geologic-geomorphologic structure the Sukil River basin is divided into three parts: mountain, premountain and plain. The river bed within these three parts is characterized by noticeable difference in morphological and morphodynamical parameters. And the reaction of the riverbed on the manmade changes also is different in all three parts. First of all, it is a deforestation, agriculture, unauthorized gravel intake within the river bed and floodplain, river bed straightening, river bank consolidation and flood protection dikes constructing, melioration and ponds constructing etc. Research results ascertained noticeable difference between manmade influences in different parts of the catchment basin, especially the effects on the river beds and their functioning. In the mountain part the moderate impact dominates and is mainly presented by timber falling which has caused significant sediments runoff increasing during the floods of 2008 and 2010. In the premountain part the strongest impact is done by the unauthorized alluvium mining in the river bed. It caused increasing in the river bed morphodynamics and reinforcing of the linear and local side erosion. The erosion processes threat the roads and buildings within the river valley. The plain part of the river basin is most transformed. The river bed strengthening is carried out since the middle of ХХ-th century which was accompanied by the dikes and drainage network constructing. As the result many boggy areas were drained, the morphology of the Sukil river bed was changed, the meander process was stopped. But the tendencies to renaturalization of the river valley are observed during the last years. Conducted research are important for the rivers renaturalization and providing the strategy of sustainable development in Ukraine in the matter of natural resources protection and management.\u0000Key words: channel morphodynamics; Sukil River; anthropogenic influence; mountain, premountain and plain parts of the basin.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128758007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TUSTAN – NEW SECTION OF TERRACE DEPOSITS IN THE DNIESTER VALLEY","authors":"Andrii Yatsyshyn, R. Dmytruk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3834","url":null,"abstract":"The current scope of knowledge of individual fragments of the Dniester valley was analyzed, and it was found thatits pre-Carpathian part remains the least studied. The diagrams illustrating the idea of the structure and history of the formation of this river valleyfragment are mainly based on the diagram by I. Hofshtein developed in the 1960–1970s and coincide with it in terms of boththe number of terraces discovered here and the determination of their age.\u0000In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of the pre-Carpathian fragment of the river valley, in particular in the study of the ancient terraces of the Dniester River, which until now have been \"hidden\" in the leveling surfaces of Loyeva and Krasna. Low-Upper Pleistocene terraces, which are spread mainly within the borders of the Upper Dniester, Stryi-Zhydachiv, Halytsia-Bukachiv basins and within the 5–10-kilometer sections of the Dniester valley and the valleys of its separate Carpathian tributaries located at the foot of the Carpathian escarpment, remain less studied. Until recently, the youngest of the Pleistocene terraces of the Dniester River was considered to be the Kolodiyiv terrace, the loose accumulations of which are based on alluvium of the Horohiv (Prylutskyi) period. Below it, the first supraflood terrace of Late Pleistocene-Holocene age is developed.\u0000On the basis of the analysis of the morphological parameters of the terrace developed within the Halytsia-Bukachiv basin, the analysis of the cross-section of its loose accumulations, a terrace was identified that corresponds to the second supraflood terrace of the Vytachiv-Buzka period, developed in Middle Transnistria.\u0000As a result of the identification of the terrace, which we consider as the second supraflood, as well as the terraces discovered within the distribution of the Loyeva and Krasnaya leveling surfaces, the total number of terraces developed in the pre-Carpathian part of the valleys and the Dniester reached twelve: the late Pleistocene-Holocene first floodplain terrace; late Pleistocene second (Tustan) and third (Kolodiiv) floodplain terraces; Middle Pleistocene fourth (Jezupil) and fifth (Maryyampil) floodplain terraces; early Pleistocene sixth (Halytsky), seventh (Biskovytsky), eighth (Susidovytsky), ninth (Dubrivsky), and tenth (Torganovytsky) supraflood terraces; Pliocene (?) eleventh (Starosilska) and twelfth (Krasnianska) supraflood terraces.\u0000Key words: terrace; morphology; Dniester valley; loess; alluvium; stratigraphic horizons.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121549372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LANDUSE FEATURES IN A MOUNTAIN AREA AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE PROCESS OF SYLVATISATION (STRYY DISTRICT LVIV REGION)","authors":"O. Lenevych, Z. Pankiv","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3861","url":null,"abstract":"The Skole District that is nowadays a part of newly established Stryy District (Lviv Region) is entirely situated within the range of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Its area encompasses the Skolivsli Beskydy and the Stryy-San Highland physiographic regions featuring a dominance of considerably high altitudes above sea level, terrain disarticulation, and afforestation. Establishing new villages alongside rural population’s natural increase and land reforms (the capitalist stage of land use (after the abolition of serfdom in 1848) and Soviet stage of land use) called for respective increase in agricultural lands. Forested lands in the Ukrainian Carpathians were the source for such an increase therefore cropland and pasture lands were emerging from deforestation. Harsh weather conditions and low soil fertility significantly impacted the further agricultural land uses in the mountainous region. However, wide-scale decline of agricultural lands occurred in the period of the collapse of the former USSR due to decline of collective and state farms. As a result of denationalization with subsequent privatization of agricultural lands there are nowadays 31 303 land owners and land users in the study area, 97,54 % of which are physical persons. At the same time, despite such remarkable figures citizens share less than a half of total lands for agriculture, residential and construction purposes, whilst the state forestry enterprises are using 51,11 % (75 173,50 ha) in total. In contrast to lowlands, animal farming and husbandry in the Skole District is held exclusively by households. In recent years local animal husbandry is experiencing the livestock decline that leads to certain reduction in the share of both hay meadows and pasturelands. Thus, from 2009 to 2016 the total area of fodder lands in the district decreased by 65 ha (ca. 0,2 % of total privately owned agricultural lands). I assume that ongoing land reform will cause further increase in fallows in the Skole District.\u0000In order to better comprehend the processes of spontaneous reforestation (sylvatisation) in a mountain region (the Pohartsi boundary, Koziova village, Stryi district, Lviv regionthe ) four study plots were selected representing the successional sequence: forest → pasture → hay meadow → arable lands. The study showed that areas that were previously used for pasture and were not plowed, are restored to their natural state much faster. These areas are characterized by satisfactory physical, physico-chemical and biotic properties. The decrease in acidity towards the neutral side is explained by an increase in the activity of catalase and urease by approximately 1.5 times. In connection with the developed grass cover, slightly higher nitrogen values were recorded in the upper soil horizon. Due to the absence of a regular annual supply to the base and replenishment of its nutrient reserves due to precipitation and waste of dead phytomass, the content of humus in the upper horizon of the base i","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127144131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF REFORESTATION ON PHYSICAL AND HYDROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF THE FALLOW LANDS (SKOLIVSKI BESKYDY, THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS)","authors":"O. Lenevych, I. Rybalka","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3833","url":null,"abstract":"The article tackles the impacts of anthropogenic load on the physical and hydrophysical soil properties. In order to better comprehend the processes of spontaneous sylvatisation in a mountain region (the Pohartsi boundary, Koziova village, the Skolivski Beskydy physiographic region) four study plots were selected representing the successional sequence: forest → pasture → hay meadow → arable lands. Land patches that were affected the least by anthropogenic load restored faster to their natural baseline conditions. Tilling appeared to retardate restoration processes, however those anyway took place. Proper functioning of arable land patches may be facilitated by continuous land care actions (i.e. ploughing or mowing).We found that soil bulking density in arable lands increased in upper soil horizons compared to forest ecosystems. Such an increase is caused by mechanical turning upper soil horizons up down and vice versa, for lower horizons. In pasture lands, upper soil horizons are trampled down by livestock. This leads to lower water permeability of soils: increase in soil bulk density from 0.79 to 1.15 g•cm-3 resulted in a decrease of water permeability by 75 %. In forested lands, values of water permeability similar to those in arable lands (0.55 mm•min⁻¹) are usually observed along the walking trails and in wood trilling plots. On the land patches with scarce herbaceous cover erosion processes are emerging. The latter is especially dangerous for arable land patches causing extra leak of soil nutrients and thus soil depletion. In order to further exploitation soils in such patches need additional fertilizing. As agricultural load diminishes soil upper horizons restore. Restoration occurs through prolonged freezing and thawing cycles during the cold (autumn-winter-spring) season. Another path for soil physical properties restoration is associated with penetration of plant fine roots that loosen the soil. Increase of total sparing indices is observed, as well. For upper horizons of restored soil it is assessed as “intermediate” (62,00 ‒ 65,35 %) whilst for arable land patches it is significantly lower (54,90 %). Soil bulk density gradually decreased along soil profiles and study plots. In forested patches it reached minimum (2,28 g•cm⁻³) and in arable land patches – maximum (2.55 g•cm⁻³) values, which did not change upon termination of anthropogenic load. Significant changes were observed for the field humidity indices. These varied both spatially, along soil profiles, and temporarily, by seasons. Lack of herbaceous vegetation caused over-drying in upper soil horizons. At the same time in lower horizons field humidity increased. Upper soil horizons in forested patches undergo the least changes due to the presence of thick forest floor. We conclude that major indicators of agricultural load within a soil profile are soil bulk density, water permeability and total sparing. Such indicators as the solid phase density and field humidity are of addition","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130590338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“THE RELIEF OF EUROPE” AND THE PARADIGM OF GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE FUTURE (CONCLUSIONS TO THE FIRST TRAINING MANUAL ON THE RELIEF OF CONTINENTS WRITTEN IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE)","authors":"Oleksandr Komliev","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3860","url":null,"abstract":"The article emphasizes the need to prepare training manuals on the geomorphology of large land areas. The relief of continents (their parts) and parts of the world is an object of regional geomorphology. The author substantiates the structure and content of the textbook \"The relief of Europe\", the first written in Ukrainian on the geomorphology of the continents. The manual consists of an introduction, 2 chapters, conclusions and a list of references. The manual uses 6 schematic maps, 9 digital maps, 2 tables, and 28 color photos. The first section of the manual is devoted to issues of planetary geomorphology – the main regularities of Earth's relief forms. Geotexture, morphostructure and morphosculpture are the categories of their are considered as parts of their size-genetic classification and its critical assessment is given (1.1). In 1.2 the planetary features of the Earth's relief at the level of the largest geotextures – continental ridges and ocean depressions are considered (the time of formation and the main trends in the process of the Earth's evolution - the increase in the area of the oceans at the expense of the continents; the sequence of the appearance of the main types of the Earth's crust in the process of the geological evolution of the Earth; the scheme of the geological evolution of the Earth's lithosphere: oceanic-type crust > transition-type crust > continental crust). In 1.3 the considered geomorphological stage of the Earth's development (the beginning of the end of the Paleozoic – the beginning of the Mesozoic – the breakup of Pangea), during which the main features of the modern relief were formed. It is characterized by the following trends: oceanization (expansion and deepening of ocean depressions through the destruction of ancient platforms; increasing the area of continents due to the joining of young platforms (plates); tectonic activation of continents (epiplatform orogeny and the formation of reborn mountains). In 1.4 general regularities of the Earth's morphostructure are considered – 14 types of main morphostructures of plain-platform areas, mountain (orogenic) areas, high platforms and revived mountains, the age and history of the development of land morphostructures, the role of the neotectonic stage, the importance of studying alignment surfaces and hydrographic basins in the study of morphostructure. General regularities of the morphosculpture of the Earth – modern zonal and ancient and the influence of the latter on the development of modern, azonal types of morphosculpture are considered (1.5). The second section consists of general and regional parts. The main regularities of geotexture, morphostructure and morphosculpture of Europe are considered in the general part. In the regional part, modern and ancient geomorphological formations of the author's accepted taxonomic units of geomorphological zoning of Europe (4 zones and 13 countries) are considered. In the conclusions, the author, using data from ge","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133605967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEO-TOURIST SITES AND ROUTES IN THE TERRITORY OF SAMBIR-KHYRIV TERRACE FOOTHILLS","authors":"Andrii Yatsyshyn, Andriy Bogucki, R. Dmytruk, Yana Malio","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3830","url":null,"abstract":"The geological and geomorphological objects of Sambir-Khyriv terrace foothills have been characterized as natural monuments and potentially popular geo-touristic sites.\u0000The foothills cover the pre-Carpathian sections of the Stryvihor and Dniester valleys, the entire Bolozivka valley and the uplands of the interfluves. The main geomorphological elements of the study area are river valleys with a complex of river terraces of different ages. Outside the valleys, in the uplands of the interfluves, the most ancient foothill terraces and different-aged denudation leveling surfaces are spread.\u0000Relief-forming deposits of the foothills are mainly represented by Neogene and Anthropogenic accumulations. The anthropogenic depositsoverlapping the older accumulations are extremely heterogeneous in terms of genesis, age, and lithological structure.\u0000Within the foothills, the most valuable natural monuments are the following objects: sections of anthropogenic accumulations Slokhyni, Torhanovychi 1 and 2 and Kruzhyky, as well as landforms, i.e. a fragment of Krasna surfacedeveloped on the eastern macro-slope of RadychMountain and the western part of the Bolozivka valley. We identify the listed objects as stratigraphic and geochronological (sections of Slokhyni, Torhanovychi 1 and 2 and Kruzhyky), paleontological (section of Kruzhyky), geomorphological (surface of Krasna, Bolozivka valley),and scenic natural monuments (surface of Krasna).\u0000Foothill natural monuments are important in terms of research and geo-educational functions, in particular to study and illustrate stratification of sedimentary accumulations of anthropogenic age; lithological and sedimentological features of continental deposits; variability of paleogeographic conditions of anthropogenic age; cyclicityof continental morpholithogenetic processes; formation of exogenic forms of relief due to denudation shearing of uneven surface of the Earth, erosion and accretion activity of fluvial flows; soil-forming processes; and geological age of human material culture.\u0000The described natural monuments are important for the organization of events intended to popularize geological and geographical science, as well as environmental education among people, and teach the skills of careful attitude to the environment. It would befeasible to integrate them into the existing network of tourist routes inLviv region.\u0000Key words: Sambir-Khyriv terrace foothills; natural monuments; sections of anthropogenic deposits; surface of Krasna; Bolozivka valley.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132527213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}