PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS最新文献

{"title":"REAL AND POTENTIAL GEOTOURISM RESOURCES OF WESTERN UKRAINE","authors":"Y. Zinko","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3863","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes real and potential geotourism resources and geotourism sites and products on the example of the region of Western Ukraine (8 administrative regions). From the point of view of theory and methodology, regional analysis of geotourism is based on the scientific and practical aspects of geotourism as a form of activity based on geoheritage exploration. The research algorithm assumed the allocation of geotourism regions taking into account the geological and geomorphological component and the study of their real geotourism resources, presented in the form of geotourism sites and products. Geomorphological taxa at the level of regions and subregions for plain, highland, and mountainous areas are considered as geotourism regions of Western Ukraine. The main geotourism sites in the region are represented by rock and cave formations, residual hills and mountain peaks, unique geological outcrops and morphological landscapes, ancient and modern mine tunnel, specialized museums and educational centers. The paper characterizes the main types of geotourism services and products that are provided on the basis of the main groups of geotourism sites. The main functions performed by geotourism sites for their visitors were highlighted: from scientific-educational and aesthetic-educational to cultural-historical and sports and health functions. The geotourism potential of the main selected geotourism regions was also considered. \u0000The conducted research resulted in a developed typification of geotourism sites of Western Ukraine by specialization, level of tourist facilities and service, degree of attendance. According to the nature of specialization, geotourism sites were classified as follows: mainly geotourism, ecotourism-geotourism, cultural geotourism, mountainous geotourism, industrial geotourism. Evaluation of geotourism sites was carried out on the possibility of arranging individual and group tours with the appropriate informational and educational services. Karst caves of Podillia, canyon-like sections of the Dniester and its tributaries, rock complexes of the Carpathians and the Chornohora range with alpine relief have been identified as promising geotourism sites and territories of international importance. The national and regional parks of the region, which are characterized by remarkable geoheritage, have significant potential for the geotourism development.\u0000The region of Western Ukraine is favorable for the introduction of innovative forms of geotourism as territorial tourist destinations. The creation of national geoparks and theme parks on the basis of reserves, national and landscape parks and historical and cultural reserves with significant geoheritage is justified. It is essential to further develop geotourism routes of local, regional, national and international importance. Necessary for the prospective development of geotourism in the region is scientific, educational and organizational support for the development and impl","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124445360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LVIV UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY RIVER BASIN STRUCTURE","authors":"Yu. P. Shandra, V. Shushniak","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3859","url":null,"abstract":"The main hydrographic, hydromorphological and hydroecological features of the Lviv United Territorial Community (UTC) have been analyzed, in particular: a) the location of the city of Lviv on the Main European Watershed; b) transformation of surface water runoff as a result of the general sewage network and reclamation systems functioning, industrial peat extraction, residential and industrial construction. These features compose the delimitation of surface water bodies, which had been provided by the guidelines of the Water Framework Di-rective of the European Union (WFD). As a result of progressive urban expansion, the area of the territorial community of the city constantly increased from 0.5 km2 (end of the 14th century) to 31.66 km2 (end of the 19th century), 66.6 km2 (middle of the 20th century), 182 km2 (second half of the 20th century), 311.4 km2 in 2020. Correspondingly, the area ratio of the Baltic and Black Sea peripheral drainage areas changed.\u0000The assessment of the surface water delimitation scheme body, proposed by the State Water Agency and highlighted on the geoportal “Water Resources of Ukraine”, was carried out. It has been established that the main shortcoming of this scheme is non-compliance with the principle of coherence of surface water bodies to catchment areas provided for by the EU WFD. By means of computer processing of the high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of Lviv (UTC), in an automated mode, a watershed network of surface water coherent bodies has been built. According to the assessment of the surface runoff transformation degree, the identified massifs are identified by categories: natural, significantly changed, artificial. The territory of the city of Lviv, which is covered by a general sewage network, is classified as an \"artificial body of surface water\". It is assigned to the Vistula basin area, despite the fact that 14.95 km2 of the massif is located in the topographic catchment of the Dniester. Watersheds that include reclamation systems are classified as \"significantly changed bodies of surface water\"\u0000According to the assessment of the surface runoff transformation degree, the identified bodies have been identified by categories: natural, significantly changed, artificial. The main morphometric indicators of the watersheds of the proposed surface water bodies have been determined, in particular the following: a) \"water catchment length\"; b) \"average width of the catchment\"; c) \"water catchment asymmetry coefficient; c) \"coefficient of compactness of the catchment\".\u0000The correct definition of river basins structure is the first necessary step in implementing the provisions of the EU WFD into the practice of water resources management in Ukraine. Further actions provided in River Basin Management plans depend on this step\u0000Key words: river basin; surface water; body of surface water; surface runoff; transformation of flow.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123462806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE SOIL COVER OF THE TERRITORY OF THE MITROPOLYCHI GARDENS OF THE CITY OF LVIV","authors":"Yaroslav Borys, Oleksiy Teleguz","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2022.1.3831","url":null,"abstract":"Metropolitan gardens are gardens located on the territory of the complex of St. George's Cathedral in Lviv within the Lviv Plateau in a zone of increased complexity of geological conditions and a significant difference in relief. Metropolitan gardens are a kind of standard of nature, which allows to track the course of natural processes in the environment. The territory, which includes the Svyatoyurska Mountain with gardens, belongs to the UNESCO heritage.\u0000Since the founding of the Metropolitan Gardens, there have been practically not conducted various studies of soil formation conditions, study of their features. Having studied the literary sources, it is worth noting that insufficient attention was also paid to the study of the soil cover of Metropolitan Gardens.\u0000Within the territory of the study are widespread sod-carbonate, sod-silty soils with varying degrees of degradation and anthropogenic-variable soils (urban soils) are common. The presented soils undergo significant changes in the process of economic and recreational influence, intense anthropogenic load causes compaction of the upper layers of the soil cover, a decrease in field moisture capacity, and a decrease in porosity indicators. If natural (sod-carbonate, sod-glay) non-urbanized soils are characterized by high acidity and a lack of nutrients, then, unlike them, anthropogenic-modified soils (urban soils) are characterized by a neutral or alkaline reaction and a sufficient amount of nutrients. At the same time, they are often distinguished by high drainage and low water maintenance, as well as the imbalance of humic and fulvic acids.\u0000The morphological features of the natural and anthropogenic-transformed soils of the Metropolitan Gardens of the city of Lviv. The data of the morphological descriptions of the soil horizons make it possible to trace a certain mosaic of the soil cover of the study area, which combines natural sloping areas and landscape-engineering objects in the form of embankment terraces.\u0000Keywords: Metropolitan Gardens; Lviv Plateau; urban soil; turf-carbonate soils; sod clay soils; anthropogenically transformed soils.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126757391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LONG-TERM RESEARCH INTO WEEKEND TOURIST TRAFFIC \u0000IN ROCK-CAVE OJCOW NATIONAL PARK (POLAND) FOR THE NEEDS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM","authors":"Y. Zinko, M. Malska, S. Blahodyr, Józef Partyka, Janusz Glanowski, Alicja Fischer","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3553","url":null,"abstract":"Ojców National Park is distinguished geo- and landscape diversity by Polish national’s parks. It is primarily associated with Jurassic rock formations and niche-caves, which are the main attractions of the park. The research covered the main places visited by tourists – the rock formations of the Castle and the Krakow Gate, the caves Lokietka and Dark Cave, as well as restaurants in the center of the village Ojców. The main focus was on the tourist load on attractions and tourist infrastructure, identifying the main trends over the 20-year observation period and developing recommendations for choosing approaches to sustainable service for visitors to the park.\u0000The article discusses the load and structure of weekend tourist traffic in the central part of Ojcow National Park for a long period of time (1998–2017). The results are based on direct observation at the OPN entrance gates and sites on the weekends during the summer season (July-August). It has been established that the total number of visitors in the central part of the park varies from 1.2 to 2.5 thousand people, depending on the weather, which is 1.5-2 times higher than the average daily attendance. The structure of visitors is dominated by small (family) groups (85–91%) and adults and youth (over 70%). During the 20-year observation period, certain trends in the structure and spatial distribution of tourism flows have been identified. In particular, there is an increase in the number of motoring tourists, the share of cyclists (up to 15% of the total flow of visitors) and the attractiveness of educational sites.\u0000These long-term studies of the load of tourism flow in the OPN allowed us to assert the phenomena of overtourism in the park, in particular, in its central part over the weekends. Based on the results of recording tourists and questionnaires filled in by the tourists, recommendations for the implementation of elements of sustainable development of the recreational and tourist sphere of the park have been developed. They envisage bringing a network of parking lots to the periphery of the park, dispersal of the main tourism flows, wider introduction of the educational-ambling model of visiting with an emphasis on ecotourism activities.\u0000Key words: park; tourism flow; caves; rock formations; visitors; structure; load; sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125132394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE REGIME OF LAND SURFACE FOR BYSTRYTSIA RIVER BASIN AND THE INFLUENCE OF TERRAIN ATTRIBUTES USING LANDSAT 8 DATA","authors":"A. Mkrtchian, I. Kovalchuk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3551","url":null,"abstract":"Terrain morphology is a powerful factor influencing climate characteristics, which manifests itself at various scale levels. At the detailed scale, this effect is mainly due to the redistribution of solar radiation on surfaces and slopes of different slope and aspect, which causes their unequal heating, and local redistribution of air masses. Spatial distribution of land surface temperatures can be effectively studied using remote sensing data in far-infrared range, which can be recalculated into temperature values. \u0000The values of the land surface temperature in the Bystrytsia river basin were calculated with far-infrared channels of Landsat spatial images for three time slices: October 5, 2013, February 13, 2015, August 10, 2016. The statistical analysis has been carried out on the impact of terrain morphometric parameters and land surface type and characteristics on its temperature. To determine the relative influence of each specific factor, the method of hierarchical partitioning has been implemented with the hier.part package of R software environment. Significant seasonal differentiation of the influence of individual factors on temperature was revealed. During all the seasons of the year, absolute height appeared as the most significant factor among those analyzed. The influence of absolute height on temperature distribution was the strongest in autumn, somewhat weaker in winter and the weakest in summer. Artificial surfaces, dry grass and soil were heated more strongly despite their lower albedo due to smaller heat consumption by evaporation, whereas vegetation surface and wet soils were less heated. On the other hand, the influence of relative surface insolation, being differentiated by terrain elements appeared to be relatively weaker, which can be explained by the calculation method used (insolation has been calculated for the moment the images were taken, whereas surface heating takes some time).\u0000The influence of the level of surface moisture also appeared to be significant.\u0000Key words: land surface temperature, Landsat, Bystrytsia, morphometric parameters, hierarchical partitioning.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130183526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELIEF AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF HUTSULSHCHYNA AND VERKHOVYNSKYI NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS","authors":"Y. Kravchuk, V. Brusak","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3546","url":null,"abstract":"Relief and geological structure of Hutsulshchyna and Verkhovynskyi national natural parks (NNP), located in the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians, present four geomorphological regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Hutsulshchyna NNP is located in Skybovi Carpathians and Precarpathian Upland. Verkhovynskyi NNP is located in Marmaroski Carpathians and Polonynsko-Chornohirski Carpathians.\u0000The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of national natural parks is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (N-W – S-E) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The longitudinal division is associated with morphostructures of higher orders, such as the second and third, and the transverse is associated with the fourth and fifth orders of morphostructure.\u0000In the analysis of morphosculpture of NNPs, the types which are characteristic of the Carpathian Flysch and Сrystalline Carpathians are allocated. Mountain ranges and ridges such as Sloboda-Rungurska, Pokuttia med-mountains, Hryniava-Losova and Chyvchyn mountains are characterized by an asymmetrical structure – steep northeastern slopes and declivous southwestern slopes. The relic morphosculpture is represented by: 1) fragments of denudation surfaces of different ages such as Polonynska within Verkhovynskyi NPP as well as Karmaturska (analogue of Pidbeskid) within Hutsulshchyna NPP, and riparian; 2) extra and ancient glacial within Verkhovynskyi NPP and extra glacial within Hutsulshchyna NPP; 3) areas of ancient longitudinal valleys. The presence of relict (\"dead\") river valleys is characteristic of the premountain part of Hutsulshchyna NNP.\u0000Modern morphodynamic processes represent by height (tier) differentiation. In the tiers of strongly dissected mеd-mountain and low-mountain relief, the processes of planar erosion, deflux, and linear erosion play an important role in the modelling of the relief. The lower tier of the terraced and non-terraced bottoms of the valleys are associated with the processes of leaching and erosion as well as a significant accumulation of erosion products and mudflows. Among gravitational processes and block motions, stabilized and active displacements are the most recorded.\u0000Key words: National natural park; Ukrainian Carpathians; relief; morphostructure; morphosculpture.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125100618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL OBJECTS OF PRIGORGAN PRECARPATHIAN","authors":"G. Bayrak, A. Manko","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3554","url":null,"abstract":"Geological, geological-geomorphological, geomorphological and hydrological-geomorphological tourist attractions of the Prigorgan Precarpathian are characterized. They are mostly connected with Boryslav-Pokut (Internal) deflection zone, in which due to tectonic thrusts from the Carpathians flysch formations, massive conglomerates, sandstones come to the surface. Geological attractions are unique and typical outcrops of rocks, which reveal the internal structure and history of geological development of the Earth. Unique is the Pniv section of rocks in the form of folds, which reflects the possibility of traps for the accumulation of oil and gas layers. Other sections present rocks of different ages and lithological-facies composition of the local (Carpathian) stratigraphic scale.\u0000A notable attraction is the mud volcano from village Starunia which has been awarded the status of a geological monument. Geological and geomorphological attractions include typical or unique landforms in which the section of rocks is revealed and which have cognitive value. These are the terraces of the Prut, in which the root flysch incisions are revealed; mountain tops – observation points, from which the landscape of the Prigorgan Precarpathians opens and geological outcrops are present; rocks of massive rocks – local attractions, some of which, for example, Manyavsky Blessed Stone, have religious significance.\u0000Geomorphological tourist attractions include the leveled surfaces of the Precarpathians – Krasna and Loeva, which reflect the stage of geological development of the Carpathians. Presentable geomorphological objects are powerful pre-Carpathian rivers with strata of Quaternary pebbles and manifestations of modern channel processes. Hydrological-geomorphological objects are low waterfalls, of which there are about a dozen in the region and which cut through massive sandstones, conglomerates or flysch deposits. \u0000The attractiveness of the described geological and geomorphological objects of the Prigorgan Precarpathians has been assessed. The evaluation criteria were popularity, proximity to highways, cognitive value, size, landscape. Of the 27 objects, 8 have high, 13 medium and 6 low attractiveness. The described geotourism attractions have scientific, educational, environmental and recreational significance. It is advisable to involve them in the system of tourist routes of the Carpathian region. \u0000Key words: geotourism; geological, geomorphological, hydrological, complex attractions; Prigorgan Precarpathian.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128470874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS OF THE NORTHERN ESCARPMENT OF THE LVIV PLATEAU WITHIN THE BORDERS OF LVIV","authors":"R. Dmytruk, Andrii Havinskyi, Andrii Yatsyshyn","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3548","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the dependence of tourist flows on the closure of administrative or state borders, it is required to develop the touristand recreational products meeting the needs of local (within the city, region or country) users. \u0000There are several informative tourist, recreational, and geo-educational routes within the territory of Lviv and its nearest surroundings, the most popular of which is the route running through the Vysokyi Zamok, Leva Mountain, Kaiserwald, to the Devil’s Rocks. In recent years, its natural (geological, geomorphological) features have been analyzed. Sections of bedrock and Quaternary sediments that occur along the route can perform educational, cognitive, environmental and aesthetic functions. The inanimate objects along the route are well accessible for exploration. The anthropogenic impact on these sites is significant, as they are actively used for hiking, mountaineering, etc. Therefore, there is a need for constant monitoring of the condition of these facilities, landscaping.\u0000However, the full potential of this route remains largely unexplored; in particular, the most ancient (pre-Slavic) stages of settlement and management of this area of Lviv are poorly covered. Some of geo-archaeological monuments are unique,in particular the Late Palaeolithic site near the Devil’s Rock’s. Osteological remains belonging to mammoths, woolly rhinos, ancient horses, deer and other animals were found there.On the bones you there is a engraving in the form of solar signs. Among the artefacts there arenucleuses, knives, scrapers, incisors and other.\u0000On the slopes of The High Castle was found a large number of products of different archaeological periods,from which materials represented by Eneolithic cultures are quite early.Also many finds are associated with the Princely Period.\u0000A defensive settlement was recorded in park,which called Shevchenkivskyi Hai(Kaiserwald),and in the area of Svyatovyte Pole there is a fortified hillfort,where the materials of the Lypytska culture were found.\u0000Geoarchaeological landmarks discovered on the northern escarpment of the Lviv plateau significantly expand the geo-educational function of the tourist, recreational, nature discovery route Vysokyi Zamok – Devil’s Rocks, which is popular among the citizens of Lviv. They are interesting both for an ordinary tourist, who likes walking around the green area of the city, and for schoolchildren, students, scientists, who study the nature and history of their native land, and who care about the problems of its conservation and protection.\u0000Key words: Lviv Plateau; Lesser Polissia; natural monument; geoarchaeological landmarks; paleolithic; eneolithic.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116468026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MALE OPILLIA MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF RELIEF","authors":"Pavlo Horishnyi","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3547","url":null,"abstract":"The Male Opillia morphological analysis of relief has been carried out on the basis of constructed morphological maps on the scale of 1:50 000 for the key part of the Zubra – Sukhodilka watershed. The morphological mapping lies in taking into consideration dotted, linear and areal elements of relief. The absolute heights of the study area are between 255 and 405 meters high (highland level – 330-405 m, lowland level (main valleys) – 255–290 m). The relative heights of the Zubra River Basin are between 50 and 100 m, Davydivka–Sukhodilka River Basin – between 70 and 130 m. Four main linear elements of relief are thalwegs, combes, convex and concave bends. The most common linear elements are thalwegs. They are the bottoms of shallow river valleys, arroyos, and largest gullies. The main direction of linear reach is diagonal (NW–SE). The convex bends delineate the highland surfaces and flats. They also separate gentle watershed slopes from steep valley slopes. The concave bends usually are the borders of greater river valleys. These elements of relief are entirely isolated, which demonstrates a discernible contact between slopes and bottoms. The combes are the least common linear elements. It is connected with the roundness and alignment of highland surfaces and a small number of sudden changes of directions of horizontals on the straightforward slopes. The dotted elements of relief are submitted as high points. Most high points are rounded. The areal elements of relief are submitted as highland (watershed) surfaces, flats, bottoms of valleys, and different shapes of slopes, according to the cross-section and plan. The highland surfaces are quite noticeable. Their absolute height is estimated between 350 and 380 m. The highland surfaces don’t occupy the upper parts of interfluves; they are divided into two parts. The shape of highland surfaces is strongly stretched along. The nature of morphology of the surface of relief is weakly curved and flat according to the cross-section, and weakly curved and wavy according to the longitude. The surfaces of the flats are subhorizontal elements of relief, which are an intermediate position in relief. These surfaces are bounded by one or two concave bends. The bottoms of the valleys of the Zubra are 190–770 m in width, the Davydivka – 190–770 m, the Sukhodilka – 140-820 m. The shape of the cross-section is predominantly flat, and only in shallow valleys it’s partly concave. The slopes occupy much of the study area so that they prevail over subhorizontal surfaces. The convex slopes prevail; the least common are concave slopes.\u0000Key words: morphological analysis of relief; morphological map; elements of relief; Male Opillia.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"ahead-of-print ahead-of-print 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114227129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH OF CHANNEL PROCESSES ON RICHKA RIVER \u0000(BLACK CHEREMOSH BASIN)","authors":"Liudmyla Kosteniuk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3550","url":null,"abstract":"In the article is devoted to the problem of studying channel processes on small mountain rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians, where there are no regular observations. It is the lack of a monitoring system on such water bodies that is the main reason for the insufficient level of their study and presentation in literary sources on riverbed science.\u0000As is known, channel processes are a phenomenon based on the constant interaction of water flows (rivers) and the land surface. And the lack of real opportunities to assess the hydrological regime of the water body due to lack of information from observations, immediately negates the prospects for the study of channel processes at this site, as the only active component of the flow-channel system.\u0000But such preconditions, although a significant obstacle, cannot stop a true specialists in the fluvial processes, and the first step in filling in the gaps in the lack of information on any water body is field research to pre-gather the primary starting information.\u0000That is why, in September 2021, the author made an expedition to the river basin, followed by a survey of its course and the channels of its two hydrographic tributaries of the Chorna Richka and Bila Richka, the results of which are presented in this article.\u0000Before leaving, a preliminary assessment of the factors of channel formation for the rivers of the studied basin was carried out, which was based on the allocation of HVB (homogeneous areas of the valley bottoms) as the main limiting factor for the channel formation zone. This approach has already been tested by the author for the Upper Prut basin.\u0000The results of field research included descriptions, visual observations and measurement work at key points, on the basis of which cross-sections were constructed and channel processes were typified. At one point of the Chorna Richka river, it was possible to determine the particle size distribution of sediments and the average diameter by photogrammetric method.\u0000Based on the obtained results, the predominant types of channels according to the morphodynamic classification of R.S. Chalov, in the studied river basin, are: sculptural (to a greater extent) channels and channels with undeveloped alluvial forms.\u0000Key words: channel processes; morphodynamic classification; channel types; small mountain rivers; transverse profile.","PeriodicalId":374629,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115251315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}