Infection Ecology and Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Community awareness and experiences of health workers concerning mosquito-borne viral diseases in selected districts of Gambella Region, Southwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Getahun Asebe,&nbsp;Gezahegne Mamo,&nbsp;Barbara Wieland,&nbsp;Girmay Medhin,&nbsp;Getachew Tilahun,&nbsp;Woldaregay Erku Abegaz,&nbsp;Mengistu Legesse","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2021.1988453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2021.1988453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we assessed community awareness and experiences of health workers about mosquito-borne viral diseases in selected districts of the Gambella Region, South Western Ethiopia. A community and health facility-based qualitative study involving 11 focus group discussions (FGDs) with community dmembers and two FGDs with health workers was conducted between November 2017 to January 2018. A total of 122 community members and 16 health workers participated in the study. All the discussants mentioned malaria, typhoid fever, unknown causes of diarrhea and skin diseases as the major public health problems in the area. Using pictures of <i>Anopheles</i> and <i>Aedes</i> mosquitoes, participants confirmed that both mosquitoes are present in the area. They identified <i>Anopheles</i> as the vector of malaria. However, community discussants could not mention the name of a disease that can be transmitted by <i>Aedes</i> mosquito though <i>they</i> mentioned that Aedes mosquito bites both humans and animals during the day time in forest areas and causes skin itching to humans. Meanwhile, community participants from Pakag, a village bordering South Sudan, expressed concern that <i>Aedes</i> mosquito can cause a malaria-like disease which can kill within a few days. Health workers from Itang health center described that in 2016, an outbreak of an unknown disease that causes fever and jaundice occurred and killed seven individuals in a village called Akula, which is closer to a South Sudan refugee camp. Overall, the findings showed that community members and health workers in the area do not have adequate information on mosquito-borne viral diseases. Creating awareness, improving laboratory services and further epidemiological studies would be important for early warning and preparedness for outbreaks in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1988453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8567928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39703914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and distribution of tuberculous lesions in cattle slaughtered at Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Abebe Belete,&nbsp;Selam Tilahun,&nbsp;Belete Haile,&nbsp;Yitayew Demessie,&nbsp;Seleshe Nigatu,&nbsp;Abebaw Getachew,&nbsp;Gashaw Getaneh,&nbsp;Elias Kebede,&nbsp;Mebrat Ejo","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2021.1986919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2021.1986919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Ethiopia, bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a neglected disease that affects the economy and livelihoods of farmers. However, the available data is limited due to insufficient disease surveillance in the country. Therefore; this study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of lesions of BTB in cattle slaughtered at Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Postmortem examinations were used to detect tuberculous lesions, while smear microscopy and histopathology were performed for the identification of acid-fast bacilli (AFB).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 497 inspected slaughtered cattle, 45 (9.1%, 95%CI; 0.0668-0.1193) were diagnosed with BTB suggestive tuberculous lesions. A higher proportion of gross lesions was recorded in lymph nodes of lungs; at the mediastinal (14, 31.1%) and bronchial (10, 22.2%) lymph nodes, and followed by mesenteric lymph nodes (9, 20%). Of 45 tuberculous lesions; only 2 (4.4%) were identified as AFB positive by smear microscopy and histopathology. In the overall statistical analysis, body conditions of slaughtered cattle were found to be significantly associated with BTB tuberculous lesions (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding provides the prevalence of BTB and distribution of tuberculous lesions in cattle slaughtered at the abattoir and highlights the need for a practicable control strategy of the disease in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1986919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8567895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39703913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by rapid antigen tests on saliva in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Yang De Marinis,&nbsp;Anne-Katrine Pesola,&nbsp;Anna Söderlund Strand,&nbsp;Astrid Norman,&nbsp;Gustav Pernow,&nbsp;Markus Aldén,&nbsp;Runtao Yang,&nbsp;Magnus Rasmussen","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2021.1993535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2021.1993535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic presents great challenges on transmission prevention, and rapid diagnosis is essential to reduce the disease spread. Various diagnostic methods are available to identify an ongoing infection by nasopharyngeal (NPH) swab sampling. However, the procedure requires handling by health care professionals, and therefore limits the application in household and community settings.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we aimed to determine if the detection of SARS-CoV-2 can be performed alternatively on saliva specimens by rapid antigen test.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Saliva and NPH specimens were collected from 44 patients with confirmed COVID-19. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test on saliva specimens, we compared the performance of four test products.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RT-qPCR was performed and NPH and saliva sampling had similar Ct values, which associated with disease duration. All four antigen tests showed similar trend in detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva, but with variation in the ability to detect positive cases. The rapid antigen test with the best performance could detect up to 67% of the positive cases with Ct values lower than 25, and disease duration shorter than 10 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study therefore supports saliva testing as an alternative diagnostic procedure to NPH testing, and that rapid antigen test on saliva provides a potential complement to PCR test to meet increasing screening demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1993535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8567870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39703915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoonotic potential and prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> serovars isolated from pets.","authors":"Mateusz Dróżdż,&nbsp;Michał Małaszczuk,&nbsp;Emil Paluch,&nbsp;Aleksandra Pawlak","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2021.1975530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2021.1975530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salmonellosis is a global health problem, affecting approximately 1.3 billion people annually. Most of these cases are related to food contamination. However, although the majority of <i>Salmonella</i> serovars are pathogenic to humans, animals can be asymptomatic carriers of these bacteria. Nowadays, a wide range of animals is present in human households as pets, including reptiles, amphibians, dogs, cats, ornamental birds, and rodents. Pets contaminate the environment of their owners by shedding the bacteria intermittently in their feaces. In consequence, theyare thought to cause salmonellosis through pet-to-human transmission. Each <i>Salmonella</i> serovar has a different zoonotic potential, which is strongly regulated by stress factors such as transportation, crowding, food deprivation, or temperature. In this review, we summarize the latest reports concerning <i>Salmonella</i>-prevalence and distribution in pets as well as the risk factors and means of prevention of human salmonellosis caused by contact with their pets. Our literature analysis (based on PubMed and Google Scholar databases) is limited to the distribution of <i>Salmonella</i> serovars found in commonly owned pet species. We collected the recent results of studies concerning testing for <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in biological samples, indicating their prevalence in pets, with regard to clinical cases of human salmonellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1975530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8439213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39424282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overlapping clinical manifestations of COVID-19 with endemic infectious diseases in Pakistan: A looming threat of multiple lethal combinations.","authors":"Muhammad Suleman Rana,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman,&nbsp;Muhammad Masroor Alam,&nbsp;Aamer Ikram,&nbsp;Muhammad Salman","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2021.1873494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2021.1873494","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical similarity of COVID-19 with other pathogens is a challenge for the laboratory confirmation without a differential diagnosis. Here we want to present our data on endemic infectious diseases and alarming threat of multiple co-infections which is the cause of serious public health concern in Pakistan. In Pakistan as of 13 October 2020, the toll of confirmed COVID-19 cases reached 319,848 including 6,588 deaths after its first confirmation on 26 February 2020[1]. The total population of Pakistan is more than 221.5 million people, making it the fifth largest populous country in the world. According to the 2017 census, there is a 57% increase in population during the last 19 years and around 30–40% of the population lived below the poverty line[2]. Due to overcrowded population, poverty and poor healthcare infrastructure, many infectious diseases are common in Pakistan, such as dengue, tuberculosis, (TB) malaria, measles, typhoid, hepatitis and influenza. The endemicity of these infectious diseases has been sustained in Pakistan for decades. The official number of laboratory confirmed dengue cases reported in Pakistan from 1982 to 2019 are 141547 including 844 deaths. Last year 47,120 dengue cases including 75 deaths compared to 3204 dengue cases including 2 deaths were reported in 2018 [3]. For Tuberculosis (TB), the numbers of cases are increasing and around 27,000 new cases are reported every year. According to the national TB control program data the incidence rate is 5, 25,000 per year; however, there are 3,68,589 TB patients are under treatment and 56,000, TB-related deaths occurred every year in Pakistan [4]. Malaria is another leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Pakistan. Pakistan is amongst the seven countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region sharing 98% of the total regional malaria burden and an estimated 177 million population is at high risk of malaria. It is estimated that there are 1 million suspected and 300,000 confirmed malaria cases are reported each year from Pakistan [5]. Around 50,000 deaths due to Malaria occurred every year in the country [6]. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, measles remains one of the leading causes of death among children in Pakistan. More than 8,345 measles cases were reported by the laboratory surveillance system in 2019 and 34,000 measles cases were reported during 2018 [7]. Measles accounts for around 20,000 deaths of Pakistani children each year [8]. For typhoid, there are 22,571 total cases reported during 2016–2020 and situation becomes worrisome when 16000 (70%) out of 22,571 cases were identified as extensively drugresistance (XDR) typhoid [9]. Pakistan is among one of the first countries in the world to introduce the typhoid conjugate vaccine in 2019 in the expanded program on immunization (EPI) schedule [10]. Pakistan stands second in the world regarding the prevalence of viral hepatitis and over 18 million Pakistani are infected from viral hepati","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1873494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2021.1873494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25328690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking One Health approach in the challenging era of COVID-19 pandemic and natural disasters.","authors":"Hajime Kanamori,&nbsp;Hiroaki Baba,&nbsp;David J Weber","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2020.1852681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1852681","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor: Emergency response in a natural disaster causing evacuation, transportation, and mass gathering in the affected areas may contrast prevention strategies in the COVID-19 pandemic, inclu...","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1852681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2020.1852681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38776628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of rabies viral neutralizing antibodies in the Puerto Rican <i>Brachyphylla cavernarum</i>.","authors":"Andrew Hirsbrunner,&nbsp;Armando Rodriguez-Duran,&nbsp;Jodie A Jarvis,&nbsp;Robert J Rudd,&nbsp;April D Davis","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2020.1840773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1840773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to determine if Puerto Rican bats had previous exposure to rabies virus based on viral neutralizing antibodies. Our results demonstrate that 6.5% of the bats in this study had some exposure to rabies virus. The route of exposure is unknown but may have occurred following interaction with a rabid terrestrial animal or an unidentified bat rabies virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1840773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2020.1840773","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38641088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring results of wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) in The Netherlands: analyses of serological results and the first identification of <i>Brucella suis</i> biovar 2.","authors":"Peter van Tulden,&nbsp;Jose L Gonzales,&nbsp;Michiel Kroese,&nbsp;Marc Engelsma,&nbsp;Frido de Zwart,&nbsp;Dorota Szot,&nbsp;Yvette Bisselink,&nbsp;Marga van Setten,&nbsp;Miriam Koene,&nbsp;Peter Willemsen,&nbsp;Hendrik-Jan Roest,&nbsp;Joke van der Giessen","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2020.1794668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1794668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Europe, wild boar populations pose an increasing risk for livestock and humans due to the transmission of animal and zoonotic infectious diseases, such as African swine fever and brucellosis. <i>Brucella suis</i> is widespread among wild boar in many European countries. In The Netherlands the prevalence of <i>B. suis</i> among wild boar has not been investigated so far, despite the high number of pig farms and the growing wild boar population. The Netherlands has a <i>Brucella</i>-free status for the livestock species. The objective of this study is to investigate the presence and distribution of <i>B. suis</i> in wild boars in The Netherlands and to assess the value of the different laboratory tests available for testing wild boars. A total of 2057 sera and 180 tonsils of wild boar were collected between 2010 and 2015. The sera were tested for <i>Brucella</i> antibodies and the tonsils were tested for <i>Brucella</i> spp. <i>B. suis</i> biovar 2 was detected by MLVA/MLST and culture in wild boar from the province of Limburg, while seropositive wild boar were obtained from the provinces of Limburg, Noord Brabant and Gelderland suggesting the northwards spread of <i>B. suis</i> biovar 2. In this paper, we describe the first isolation of <i>B. suis</i> biovar 2 in wild boar in The Netherlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1794668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2020.1794668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38631202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular determination of genetic diversity among <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> isolated from milk, water, and meat samples using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR).","authors":"Aboi Igwaran,&nbsp;Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2020.1830701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1830701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumption of contaminated meat, milk, and water are among the major routes of human campylobacteriosis. This study aimed to determined the genetic diversity of <i>C. coli</i> and <i>C. jejuni</i> isolated from meat, milk, and water samples collected from different locations. From the 376 samples (meat = 248, cow milk = 72, and water = 56) collected, a total of 1238 presumptive <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates were recovered and the presence of the genus <i>Campylobacter</i> were detected in 402 isolates, and from which, 85 and 67 isolates were identified as<i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> respectively. Of which, 71 isolates identified as <i>C. coli</i> (n = 35) and <i>C. jejuni</i> (n = 36) were randomly selected from meat, milk, and water samples and were genotyped using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR). The digital images of the ERIC-PCR genotype were analyzed by GelJ v.2.0 software. The diversity and similarity of the isolates were assessed via an unweighted-pair group method using average linkages clustering algorithm. The results showed that the 36 <i>C. jejuni</i> strains separated into 29 ERIC-genotypes and 4 clusters while the 35 <i>C. coli</i> were delineated into 29 ERIC-genotypes and 6 clusters. The study revealed the genetic diversity among <i>C. coli</i> and <i>C. jejuni</i> strains recovered from different matrices characterized by Gelj.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1830701"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2020.1830701","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38657952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epidemiology and medical care costs of <i>Echinococcus granulosusis</i> in Jahrom, southern Iran from 2007 to 2017.","authors":"Hadi Khatonaki,&nbsp;Samaneh Mazaherifar,&nbsp;Gholamreza Shokoohi,&nbsp;Naser Hatami,&nbsp;Zahra Vafai,&nbsp;Farshid Javdani,&nbsp;Ahmad Abolghazi","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2020.1821503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1821503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Echinococcus granulosus is a rare parasitic infection causing Cystic Echinococcosis, which can be dangerous due to involving the body. This parasitic infection is a significant health problem in Iran. However, little is known about this disease, specifically in Jahrom city; thus, we aimed to investigate the epidemiology and the economic impact of the illness. <b>Methods:</b> In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the files of 137 patients who were under the care, and treatment of the final diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis were evaluated by reviewing the information such as age, gender, occupation, place of residence was collected, and analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Human cystic echinococcosis cases were more common in females, 57.2% (12 patients) and 42.8% (9 patients) were male. In terms of age, most patients (23.8%) were in the age range from 21 to 30 years. The chief complaint at diagnosis, in all cases, was abdominal pain. Besides, 71.42% of the cases had the liver involvement alone, 9.52% had the lung involvement alone, 9.52% had a co-infection of liver and lung, and 4.74% had the kidney involvement alone. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results of the present study are beneficial in determining the disease status and the epidemiology of hydatid cyst in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1821503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2020.1821503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38589166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}