Arheologia Moldovei最新文献

{"title":"“Z” Signs in the Pictorial Tradition of the Late Bronze Age Population","authors":"V. Otroshchenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"The increased interest in the sign “Z”, caused by the events of the active phase of the Russian-Ukrainian war (2014—2023), requires a more thorough analysis of its symbolism and semantics. At first glance, they are quite transparent. The count O. Bobrynskyi, an outstanding researcher of archaeology of Ukraine and head of the Imperial Archaeological Commission, convincingly proved the bird symbolism of the sign “Z” and its genetic connection with the swastika, based on materials from excavations in Europe. In the context of the count’s logical reasoning regarding the meaningful load of these signs, a reference to the thesis of the German researcher Von der Schtengen regarding the swastika as a symbol of the Indo-Germanic race sounded prophetically. Some 30 years had remained before the practical implementation of this thesis by Nazi Germany. For the rushist Russian Federation to choose the symbol of provocation of the World War III, the genetic component of the swastika, namely the sign “Z”, was enough. In addition, the topic of the article is the functioning of the named signs during the first half — the middle of the II millennium BC, when the Indo-Aryan tribes entered the world history with the above-mentioned symbols. At a distance of three or four thousand years, these events are seen by us as the “heroic age” of war chariots, although they do not become any less bloody. The study convinces that “zetas” and “swastikas” are mobile signs, capable of transformations and reincarnations in the context of the lines of other signs of that era, being components of the sign system of the tribes of the log community. The previously noted division of swastikas into right- and left-sided ones is interpreted, in particular, by gender, as “male” and “female”, respectively. So, within the mentioned sign system, a conflict between signs of different orientations is noticed, which can be considered within the limits of binary opposition, dialectical unity and the struggle of opposites, where the struggle is relative, and the unity is universal. This division can also be assumed for right- and left-sided zetas, as genetic components of swastikas.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83184348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glass Cups with Fire-Rounded Rims in the Cherniakhiv Culture: a Problem of Origin","authors":"Vladyslav Shchepachenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.098","url":null,"abstract":"In the article a research devoted to the problem of origin of hemispherical glass cups with fire-rounded rims discovered within the Cherniakhiv culture area is presented. These finds may be compared to a certain extent to Western European vessels of Eggers 199, 202, 205-206 types or the so-called Bodenrippenschale and Faßschale (after G. Rau) as well as cups of Werbkowice and Weklice types according to T. Stawiarska. Although, the Cherniakhiv artefacts are quite diverse in terms of their ornamental design, they are very similar referring to their morphology as well as finishing and decoration techniques. This fact, besides their identical chronological position and the same distribution pattern allow considering the mentioned items as a single glassware group and assuming their common origin. The conducted investigation demonstrates that at the end of the late Roman time (stage C3) the Cherniakhiv glass cups with fire-rounded rims were an original typological group of vessels, which had no synchronous analogues outside their distribution area. Although, the products that are similar to them in the technological point of view, occurred earlier in European Barbaricum, Roman provinces and antique centres of the Northern Black Sea region as well as at the end of the late Roman time in the Crimea. Taking into account the typological uniqueness and chronology of the Cherniakhiv finds as well as the absence of similar glassware among the products of synchronous glass-making centres of the neighbouring Roman provinces, it can be assumed that the most likely place of their origin was the Komariv workshop. The glass cups with fire-rounded rims are considered one of the items produced in this workshop. The artefacts that have close parallels among Cherniakhiv cups are also known here. It is worth noting, that the geochemical composition of some Cherniakhiv items finds close analogues between raw material and glassworking waste from Komariv, which is further evidence in favour of this hypothesis. The Roman origin of the Cherniakhiv cups, due to their morphological difference and chronological asynchrony with technologically similar products of the Roman glass-working centers, seems unlikely to us. Nevertheless, despite certain morphological differences, some early types of Western and Northern European artefacts, as well as Roman provincial glassware could serve as prototypes for the Cherniakhiv finds.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84910648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adam Kirkor: the Discovery and First Research of Trypillia Sites in the Ukrainian Dnister Region","authors":"Yana Yakovyshyna","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.137","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that the Trypillia culture in Ukraine was singled out by Vincenc Chvojka (Vikentii Khvoika — in Ukrainian) based on his research in the Dnipro region at the end of the 19th century. However, a little earlier, the same sites were studied in Eastern Galicia, Dnister region, by Polish researchers: Adam Kirkor, Izydor Kopernicki, Władysław Przybysławski, and Gotfryd Ossowski. The territory, where Trypillian settlements were discovered, at that time, belonged to two empires — Russian and Austro-Hungarian, so the culture had different names in the Dnipro region and the Dnister region. In Galicia, they became known under the name of the Painted Pottery culture, whereas the sites in the Dnipro valley were called the Trypillia culture by V. Chvojka. Nowadays it is a cultural and historical community of Cucuteni-Trypillia culture. The first reports of the Trypillian antiquities discovery are dated to the 1820s, but full-fledged research had began in 1876 by the Krakow archaeologist Adam Kirkor. For five seasons (1876—1878, 1881, 1882), the researcher had been studying rocky and cave sites of the Dnister region; he collected fossils and fossil remains of animals. Adam had excavated the burials of the Globular Amphora culture and initiated the excavations of the barrows of the Early Scythian period in the Middle Dnister region. During the exploration, he examined several Trypillian settlements (Vasylkivtsi, Verkhniakivtsi, Horodnytsia, Zhabyntsi, Kozachchyna, Lychkivtsi, Lanivtsi, Sukhostav, Yabluniv) and the Verteba cave near Bilche-Zolote village. The researcher managed to record the positioning of the Trypillian dwellings’ remains in circles and straight lines. A. Kirkor interpreted these settlements as a burnt Pagan burial ground. The first Trypillia sites discovered in the Dnister region were associated with the periphery of ancient civilisation and the squares were interpreted as burnt cemeteries, which was a tribute to the scientific trends of that time. Such opinions are not surprising and are explained by the fact that the researchers encountered the Trypillian antiquities for the first time, and the ideas about their dating and purpose were quite conventional. The scholar had taken the materials he excavated during the trips, to Krakow. Today, these finds are kept in the Archaeological Museum of Krakow.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81476062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Funeral Meal in Scythian Burial Rite (Case Study of Northern Azov Region, 5th—4th Centuries BC)","authors":"Alisa Demina","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.030","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the author investigates the Scythian funerary practices in the Northern Azov region, focusing on the role of food offerings and animal sacrifice. In the study the relationship between food remains in personal burial spaces and communal feasting at the burial mound surface are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86989797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scythian Mound of the 4th Century BC near Kobrynove Village","authors":"K. Panchenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the publication of materials from the excavations of the barrow no. 2 near Kobrynove village in Cherkasy Oblast. It belongs to the Scythian sites of the confluence of the Hirskyi Tikych and Hnylyi Tikych rivers. Most of the burial sites excavated by archaeologists in the region are dated to the 4th century BC — Ryzhanivka, Ryzyno and Rubanyi Mist. The barrow no. 2 had been excavated by the Cherkasy archaeological expedition led by H. T. Kovpanenko in 1986. An archaeologist S. S. Bessonova carried out direct work on the mound. At the time of the excavations, the barrow was 1.8 m high from the horizon level. The soil of the barrow slopes became soft as a result of plowing. The diameter of the mound at the time of research was 35 m, in ancient times it was about 25 m. The ditch was not recorded. It consisted of chernozem. In the mound there was excavated a burial in the catacombs. According to the classification of V. S. Olkhovskyi, the latter belong to the Type IІ. The long walls of the exit chamber and the pits are located on the same axis. Above the grave a complex wooden ceiling in the shape of the so-called ‘lattices’ was built. Its basis was made of oak beams. The analogies to the constructions in the shape of ‘lattices’ are known from the excavations in the south of the forest-steppe in the Dnipro Right Bank, on the Left Bank in the lower reaches of the Dnister, Middle Don, the Urals and Northern Kazakhstan. It is possible that similar ceilings over graves are of Eastern origin. Unfortunately, the catacomb was robbed in ancient times. The skull found in the robber’s pit allows claiming that the burial belonged to a woman. A round bronze spinning wheel and a fragment of realgar represent the finds from the barrow. The dimensions of the mound, the complex wooden floor indicate that the deceased had a high social status. Burial in the catacomb, a wooden covering and a realgar find suggest that she was a nomad. Thereby the mound is another evidence of the penetration of steppe nomads into the Right Bank forest-steppe. The proximity of the burial structure and the overlap to the sites of the Late Scythian period in the Dnipro Right Bank allows dating the burial in the barrow near Kobrynove village to the 4th century BC.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84835215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat Parting Food in the Funeral Rite of the Dnipro-Prut Babyne Culture","authors":"R. Lytvynenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.022","url":null,"abstract":"In the funeral rites of many archaeological cultures of the Bronze Age of Eastern Europe, it was practiced to accompany the deceased with the afterlife food, in particular meat, which is documented on the basis of animal bones in graves. This practice had taken place among pastoralists who left behind the sites of the Babyne Cultural circle. Among three Babyne’s cultures, only one — the Dnipro-Prut culture (DPBC) — lacks research on funerary meat food, which is not only an element of the burial ritual, but also serves as an important criterion for the cultural attribution of burials. The purpose of this paper is to describe and evaluate the informative potential of parting meat food of the DPBC. The operational arsenal of research includes methods of statistics, correlation, planigraphy and cartography. As a result of the study, it became clear that all three local variants of the DPBC (Dnipro-Dnister, Dnipro-Buh and Dnister-Prut) are characterised by a similar list of varieties of meat food (remains of ribs, vertebrae, tailbone, and legs of domestic animals, mostly sheep and bulls (fig. 1; 2). Along with this similarity, there were certain differences in the specific gravity and placement of the mentioned varieties of meat food in each local variant of the DPBC. Moreover, there were variations in the specific gravity and placement in the grave of the food in each local variant of the DPBC (tab. 1—4). The given facts, on the one hand, confirm the correctness of the selection of the DPBС itself in the structure of the Babyne cultural circle, as well as the selection of local variants in the structure of the DPBC, and on the other hand, demonstrate its difference from two other Babyne cultures — Dnipro-Don and Volga-Don — whose burial rite was characterised by completely different sets of bones of domestic animals (fig. 3). In addition, the meat food in the burials, in combination with other data, demonstrates the heredity between successive cultures of the Middle—Late Bronze Age, in our case Catacomb — Babyne — Zrubna cultures.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86333504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Photonegatives of the Ancient Egypt Collection of the Taras Shevchenko Central Hstorical Museum: Review on the Monography by O. O. Romanova and H. O. Stanytsina. Ancient Egypt in Kyiv: Mirrored on Glass (the Glass Photonegatives Collection of the Scie","authors":"T. Sebta, M. Tarasenko, S. Sorokina","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.02.055","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the monograph-catalogue O. O. Romanova and H. O. Stanytsina Ancient Egypt in Kyiv: mirrored on Glass (the Glass Photonegatives Collection of the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). This book is dedicated to the introduction into academic circulation of a collection of glass photonegatives depicting ancient Egyptian objects from the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 143 negatives and photographs of ancient Egyptian items were collected; they were published and provided with catalogue data and comments. Significant work has been done on the attribution of objects depicted on the negatives. Noting the importance of visual material introduced, the research part of the monograph, however, contains significant intentional or unintentional lacunae regarding the existing base of Ukrainian researches on the topic. The Egyptological part of the work has also a certain number of completely or partially erroneous attributions and statements and ignores existing academic publications on the subject. The reviewers came to somewhat different conclusions regarding the reason for the formation of the discussed collection of negatives, specified the circumstances, time and place of their creation, differently defined individual ancient Egyptian objects and the provenance of some of them (for example, the “shabti-box” on the photonegatives (now lost) is actually a canopic box). Documents from the Scientific Archive of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine are of great importance for revising the conclusions of the monograph. An excerpt from the inventory book of negatives is published, which demonstrates that the collection was created at the Taras Shevchenko National Historical Museum in the process of preparing an exhibition of ancient Egyptian artefacts.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81790318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inscriptions in Hebrew on Ceramic Ware of the 17th—18th Centuries","authors":"B. Pryshchepa, Yulia Rusakova, L. Chmil","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.01.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.01.127","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the authors deal with the verification, attribution and introduction into scientific circulation of a number of Hebrew inscriptions on Early Modern ceramic vessels. This issue has not been raised in the Ukrainian archaeological publications yet. Such isolated inscriptions were previously wrongly interpreted as potters’ marks. More than a dozen of vessels with inscriptions in Hebrew are known today. In particular, they were found during the excavations of three cities — Bila Tserkva, Kyiv, Ostroh. These are fragments of three plates, two small and one large mugs, which come from the cellar of the first half of the 17th century in Ostroh, two plates and a mug from the building of the late 17th — early 18th centuries in Bila Tserkva, as well as a pot from the building of the 17th century in Kyiv. Two groups of inscriptions can be distinguished. The first one is Passover inscriptions on vessels that were obviously intended for the Passover Seder (a symbolic set of products for a holiday supper) or for daily usage during the holiday. Using an additional set of vessels to the holiday is explained by kashrut norms and specific prohibitions of kvass use. The mug with an inscription “kimkha de Piskha” (“flour for Pesach”) belongs to the second group. It was associated exclusively with religious needs and was intended for the collection of donations (tzadaka) on Passover. Tzadaka as a religious obligation to perform charity laid at the basis of the Jewish community existence. It led to the proliferation of different types of money boxes for collecting donations. In general, the topic requires detailed investigations with the involvement of additional archaeological materials, interpretation and introduction of hitherto unpublished materials into scientific circulation.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89057442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Horse Bones from a Cellar of the 11th⸺12th Centuries near the Western Palace in Kyiv","authors":"Mykhailo Kublii","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.01.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.01.052","url":null,"abstract":"During archaeological excavations in the Upper Town in Kyiv in 2008, a cellar was discovered next to the Western Palace. Among other materials, there were animal bones, the absolute majority of which were horses’ bones. Based on the bones, it was calculated that the minimum number of individual horses was four. These bones belonged to kitchen remains, as they were fragmented and showed a large number of cutting marks on almost all anatomical parts of the horses. However, they were larger than those that are usually thrown away after cooking. Perhaps, in this case, we are dealing with horse carcasses that were stored as supplies after initial butchering, but never used. The presence of bones from non-meat parts of the body, such as the phalanges, indicates that the animals were slaughtered in the same place. According to the nature of the cut marks, they were probably made with an ax and a knife. Two of the horses were likely males. The sex of the other two could not be determined. Two individuals were five years old, one was 3—3.5 years old, and one was 15—18 months old. Breed characteristics were established only for one individual. The female belonged to medium-legged horses. In addition, the horse performed heavy physical work during life, which is indicated well-developed muscle attachments on the bones. It should be noted that by the 11th and 12th centuries, the practice of eating horse meat had stopped. There are several reasons for this. One of them is changing the role of the horse. At this time, the horse began to be actively used as a draft animal, particularly when cultivating the land, and as a riding animal. Another reason is the spread of Christianity, which prohibited eating horse meat, because it was associated with pre-Christian cults. This is evidenced by several references in the Chronicle. However, under unforeseen circumstances, such as famine during the siege of the city, the practice of eating horse meat could have been returned. It is likely that the horses, the bones of which were found in the cellar, were slaughtered and divided into fragments precisely under unfavourable circumstances for the residents of Kyiv.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88383281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Ceramic Imports from Sinope at Olbia Pontica (on the Example of Architectural Terracottas)","authors":"A. Buiskykh, O. Puklina, T. Shevchenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.01.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2023.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper architectural terracottas — facade elements of building ceramics, which were imported to Olbia from Sinope for the decorative design of the roofs of public and, presumably, residential buildings, are studied. In the Olbian collection, fragments from various structurally-different parts are selected. These are frontal antefixes in the shape of multi-pelated palmettes and gorgoneions, as well as simas with ovolos and meander motifs and zoomorphic downspouts in the shape of lion protomes. It has been established that the time of the maximum spread of the Sinopean import of construction ceramics in Olbia was in the Late Classical — Early Hellenistic period. Usually, the import of such parts did not extend to the 3rd century BC, although the duration of their usage, along with tiles, was longer, which is recorded by finds. The absolute majority of Sinopean architectural terracotta finds come from the territory of the Upper City and are probably related to public buildings. Olbia, along with Istria and Bosporan centres, especially Panticapaeum and Nymphaion, was an active consumer of these products. Olbia still lacks evidence of its own production of architectural terracottas, although the tile production imitating Sinopean types is known. This distinguishes Olbia from other centres of the Northern Black Sea region, in particular Chersonesos and Panticapaeum, which are known for their own manufacturing of such products, inspired by Sinope. A significant amount of tile decor of Sinopean origin confirms the importance of the Olbian market in the trade of ceramic building materials with this South Pontic centre.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74279613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}