{"title":"公元前4世纪科布里诺夫村附近的斯基泰土丘","authors":"K. Panchenko","doi":"10.15407/arheologia2023.02.046","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the publication of materials from the excavations of the barrow no. 2 near Kobrynove village in Cherkasy Oblast. It belongs to the Scythian sites of the confluence of the Hirskyi Tikych and Hnylyi Tikych rivers. Most of the burial sites excavated by archaeologists in the region are dated to the 4th century BC — Ryzhanivka, Ryzyno and Rubanyi Mist. The barrow no. 2 had been excavated by the Cherkasy archaeological expedition led by H. T. Kovpanenko in 1986. An archaeologist S. S. Bessonova carried out direct work on the mound. At the time of the excavations, the barrow was 1.8 m high from the horizon level. The soil of the barrow slopes became soft as a result of plowing. The diameter of the mound at the time of research was 35 m, in ancient times it was about 25 m. The ditch was not recorded. It consisted of chernozem. In the mound there was excavated a burial in the catacombs. According to the classification of V. S. Olkhovskyi, the latter belong to the Type IІ. The long walls of the exit chamber and the pits are located on the same axis. Above the grave a complex wooden ceiling in the shape of the so-called ‘lattices’ was built. Its basis was made of oak beams. The analogies to the constructions in the shape of ‘lattices’ are known from the excavations in the south of the forest-steppe in the Dnipro Right Bank, on the Left Bank in the lower reaches of the Dnister, Middle Don, the Urals and Northern Kazakhstan. It is possible that similar ceilings over graves are of Eastern origin. Unfortunately, the catacomb was robbed in ancient times. The skull found in the robber’s pit allows claiming that the burial belonged to a woman. A round bronze spinning wheel and a fragment of realgar represent the finds from the barrow. The dimensions of the mound, the complex wooden floor indicate that the deceased had a high social status. Burial in the catacomb, a wooden covering and a realgar find suggest that she was a nomad. Thereby the mound is another evidence of the penetration of steppe nomads into the Right Bank forest-steppe. The proximity of the burial structure and the overlap to the sites of the Late Scythian period in the Dnipro Right Bank allows dating the burial in the barrow near Kobrynove village to the 4th century BC.","PeriodicalId":37391,"journal":{"name":"Arheologia Moldovei","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Scythian Mound of the 4th Century BC near Kobrynove Village\",\"authors\":\"K. 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In the mound there was excavated a burial in the catacombs. According to the classification of V. S. Olkhovskyi, the latter belong to the Type IІ. The long walls of the exit chamber and the pits are located on the same axis. Above the grave a complex wooden ceiling in the shape of the so-called ‘lattices’ was built. Its basis was made of oak beams. The analogies to the constructions in the shape of ‘lattices’ are known from the excavations in the south of the forest-steppe in the Dnipro Right Bank, on the Left Bank in the lower reaches of the Dnister, Middle Don, the Urals and Northern Kazakhstan. It is possible that similar ceilings over graves are of Eastern origin. Unfortunately, the catacomb was robbed in ancient times. The skull found in the robber’s pit allows claiming that the burial belonged to a woman. A round bronze spinning wheel and a fragment of realgar represent the finds from the barrow. The dimensions of the mound, the complex wooden floor indicate that the deceased had a high social status. Burial in the catacomb, a wooden covering and a realgar find suggest that she was a nomad. Thereby the mound is another evidence of the penetration of steppe nomads into the Right Bank forest-steppe. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
这篇文章是专门为出版的资料,从发掘的巴罗号。在切尔卡西州Kobrynove村附近。它属于Hirskyi Tikych河和Hnylyi Tikych河汇合处的斯基泰遗址。考古学家在该地区发掘的大部分墓地都可以追溯到公元前4世纪——Ryzhanivka、Ryzyno和Rubanyi Mist。手推车没有。1986年,h·t·科夫帕年科率领的切尔卡西考古考察队发掘了其中2座。考古学家s·s·贝索诺娃(S. S. Bessonova)在土堆上进行了直接工作。在挖掘的时候,古墓离地平线有1.8米高。由于翻耕,坡地的土壤变软了。研究时的土墩直径为35米,古代约为25米。那条沟没有被记录下来。它由黑钙土组成。在土丘上挖出了一个地下墓穴。根据v.s. Olkhovskyi的分类,后者属于IІ型。出口室的长壁和凹坑位于同一轴线上。在坟墓的上方,建造了一个复杂的木制天花板,形状为所谓的“格子”。它的基础是由橡木梁构成的。在第聂伯罗右岸的森林草原南部、第聂斯特河下游的左岸、顿河中部、乌拉尔和哈萨克斯坦北部的挖掘中,人们已经知道了类似于“格子”形状的建筑。坟墓上类似的天花板有可能起源于东方。不幸的是,这个地下墓穴在古代被洗劫过。在强盗的坑里发现的头骨让人声称这是一个女人的墓葬。一个圆形的青铜纺车和一块雄黄碎片代表了从古墓中发现的东西。土堆的大小,复杂的木地板表明死者有很高的社会地位。墓穴里的埋葬,木质的覆盖物和雄黄的发现表明她是一个游牧民族。因此,这个土丘是草原游牧民族渗透到右岸森林草原的另一个证据。该墓葬结构与第聂伯罗右岸斯基泰晚期遗址的接近和重叠使得Kobrynove村附近古墓中的墓葬可以追溯到公元前4世纪。
Scythian Mound of the 4th Century BC near Kobrynove Village
The article is devoted to the publication of materials from the excavations of the barrow no. 2 near Kobrynove village in Cherkasy Oblast. It belongs to the Scythian sites of the confluence of the Hirskyi Tikych and Hnylyi Tikych rivers. Most of the burial sites excavated by archaeologists in the region are dated to the 4th century BC — Ryzhanivka, Ryzyno and Rubanyi Mist. The barrow no. 2 had been excavated by the Cherkasy archaeological expedition led by H. T. Kovpanenko in 1986. An archaeologist S. S. Bessonova carried out direct work on the mound. At the time of the excavations, the barrow was 1.8 m high from the horizon level. The soil of the barrow slopes became soft as a result of plowing. The diameter of the mound at the time of research was 35 m, in ancient times it was about 25 m. The ditch was not recorded. It consisted of chernozem. In the mound there was excavated a burial in the catacombs. According to the classification of V. S. Olkhovskyi, the latter belong to the Type IІ. The long walls of the exit chamber and the pits are located on the same axis. Above the grave a complex wooden ceiling in the shape of the so-called ‘lattices’ was built. Its basis was made of oak beams. The analogies to the constructions in the shape of ‘lattices’ are known from the excavations in the south of the forest-steppe in the Dnipro Right Bank, on the Left Bank in the lower reaches of the Dnister, Middle Don, the Urals and Northern Kazakhstan. It is possible that similar ceilings over graves are of Eastern origin. Unfortunately, the catacomb was robbed in ancient times. The skull found in the robber’s pit allows claiming that the burial belonged to a woman. A round bronze spinning wheel and a fragment of realgar represent the finds from the barrow. The dimensions of the mound, the complex wooden floor indicate that the deceased had a high social status. Burial in the catacomb, a wooden covering and a realgar find suggest that she was a nomad. Thereby the mound is another evidence of the penetration of steppe nomads into the Right Bank forest-steppe. The proximity of the burial structure and the overlap to the sites of the Late Scythian period in the Dnipro Right Bank allows dating the burial in the barrow near Kobrynove village to the 4th century BC.
期刊介绍:
Arheologia Moldovei is one of the most prestigious Romanian scientific journals in the field of Archaeology, issued since 1961 by the Institute of Archaeology in Iasi, under the aegis of the Romanian Academy. Since 1990 the issues of the journal are published yearly. The journal publishes larger studies, papers, as well as notes and reviews pertaining to all fields of Archaeology, in terms of both chronology (from prehistory to the Middle Ages) and thematic (from theoretical essays to excavation reports and archaeometry). The languages of publication are English, German, French and Romanian (the latter with with larger English abstracts).