Journal of Daylighting最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Courtyard and Street Canyon Surroundings on Global Illuminance and Estimated UV Index in the Tropics","authors":"R. A. Mangkuto, M. Koerniawan, B. Paramita","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"Exposing oneself to outdoor daylight in the morning can be healthy and harmful at the same time, due to the risk of ultraviolet exposure. The presence of surrounding buildings in the urban context may also influence the risk. This study aims to identify the impact of courtyard and street canyon surroundings of various size and heights on the peak time and values of global illuminances and ultraviolet index (UVI), for the case of a tropical city. The impact of the surroundings is estimated by performing annual daylighting simulation with Daysim, considering various receiving plane orientations, followed with sensitivity analysis. The results suggest that in the courtyard scenes, on 21 March, 21 June, and 22 December, the maximum horizontal UVI are respectively 9 at 12.00 hrs, 9 at 10.00 hrs, and 5 at 11.00 hrs, while the corresponding, maximum vertical UVI are 6, facing east at 09.00 hrs; 8, northeast at 10.00 hrs; and 3, southeast at 08.00 hrs. In the street canyon scenes, the 5m wide street is more sensitive to height variation, compared to the 10-m wide. The maximum horizontal UVI on the three days are 10, 9, and 5; while the corresponding, maximum vertical UVI are 6, east; 9, northeast; and 4, southeast; all with the same peak time as in the courtyard scenes. Sensitivity analysis results from the three days are found to be more reliable than those from the entire year. The study thus has the main contribution in providing the methodology in estimating UVI under various outdoor scenarios with surrounding buildings, particularly in the tropical region. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"167-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44764921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Use of Daylight in Office Rooms","authors":"V. Burmaka, M. Tarasenko, Kateryna Kozak, L. Omeiza, Nataliia Sabat","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.15","url":null,"abstract":"The rational use of daylight can significantly reduce the cost of electricity for artificial lighting. This research aims at investigating the parameters of translucent structures of building envelope, and the value of daylight factor, for which maximum efficiency of daylight usage is achieved in office rooms. The study analyzes the dependence duration of daylight autonomy in office rooms, on the value of daylight factor for four European cities. The specific daylight autonomy (h/(year∙m2)) of office rooms were found. It was proved, that regardless the size of the rooms, the maximum specific daylight autonomy in Ternopil city (at illumination of 300 lx, which is prescribed by regulations), with lateral daylight, occurs when the daylight factor is in the range of 1.7% to 1.9%. Maxima – at 1.8%. At illumination of 500 lx, the maximum specific daylight autonomy will occur at a daylight factor range of 2.6% to 3.0%. Maxima – at 2.8%.","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"154-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48951896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Trend for Indoor Lighting Design Based on A Hybrid Methodology","authors":"F. Selim, Samah M. Elkholy, A. Bendary","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.14","url":null,"abstract":"Most power system planners are interested in the savings of electrical power consumption. Various references demonstrate that the highest consumed power is by the lighting systems standing around 19% of worldwide energy consumption. This article presents novel design methodology leading to maximizing revenue due to savings in electrical energy consumption through energy efficient installations. This hybrid methodology is built by combining benefits of the two traditional lighting design methods (lumen and specific connected load methods). This results in developing a new mathematical and applicable model with many advantages such as: high accuracy, fast calculations and most economical design. This proposed methodology is supported by MATLAB® package to shorten the long time consumed by conventional procedures and simplify the complex manual calculations. The hybrid method verifies its effectiveness and efficiency for achieving the maximum savings in energies and costs through the detailed discussion of case studies. A comparison with traditional designs will be introduced to ensure the achieved savings in costs leading to high quality and efficiency of power systems. By practically applying this new hybrid technique particularly for the Egyptian residential and commercial sectors, the system is expected to achieve a huge savings in consumed lighting energies and costs, which can reach 4489.433415 million E£ \"≈ 280.5895 million $ \"USD\"\" each year. The presented case studies give accurate and promising results for the proposed methodology as a new trend in energy and money saving system, which is verified by implementing two case studies and comparing with results from DIALux program. The results of the proposed methodology are very effective compared with that of conventional methods for marked benchmarking features and validation. MATLAB® simulation results of the proposed technique are implemented to verify its feasibility for any activity. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"137-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47534583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Daylight Performance Based on Controllable Light-shelf Parameters using Genetic Algorithms in the Tropical Climate of Malaysia","authors":"A. A. S. Bahdad, S. Fadzil, N. Taib","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to achieve a balance of daylight availability in the work-plane environments of a fully glazed facade integrated with a light shelf system using an optimization procedure that can assist architects with assessing the daylighting performance of numerous design alternatives, and build-up the optimized design. The approach uses parametric design, simulation modelling, and genetic algorithms. A case study of a typical office is carried out to test and verify the effectiveness of the optimization procedure for a light shelf system. Five parameters of light shelf design are optimized in two solar solstices (June and December) and one equinox in March under the Malaysian sky conditions. The optimization results indicate that the optimal design options of light-shelf parameters have great potential for illuminance improvement. After the optimization, the daylighting performance of useful daylight illuminance compared to reference models is increased respectively with an average value of 15.6% and 4.7% on the 21st of June, and by 17.5% and 5.8% on 21st of March, and by 5.8% and 11.3% on 21st of December. Statistical analysis is achieved to investigate the relationship between the performance metric of the optimal design options and the other cases, the outcomes showed that the regression analysis indicated a high level of reliability as well as different levels of variation coefficients. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42775700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Passive Solar Design Strategies in Side-lit Offices: Maximising Daylight Penetration While Reducing the Risk of Glare in Different Chilean Climate Contexts","authors":"Cecilia Palarino, M. Piderit","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.9","url":null,"abstract":"It has been shown that in buildings with fully glazed facades designed to save electricity and increase daylight, overheating due to excessive solar gains and glare have become recurrent problems, affecting the quality of the indoor environment in office buildings. Likewise, the focus should not only be on reducing energy consumption but also on providing comfort by applying daylight strategies appropriate to each context. In contexts such as Chile, where there is significant variability of daylight due to the extension of the territory, (17°29'57\" S 56°32'12\" S) designing with the correct passive solar strategies can become a challenge. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the application of passive solar strategies in side-lit office spaces, focusing on designs that maximise daylight penetration while protecting occupants from the risks of direct solar glare, and on methods to predict the daylight performance. A theoretical model is the prototype of an experimental office, located in three Chilean cities with different prevailing sky conditions, but adapted to the different contexts by integrating the design strategies recommended by the leading entities in advanced energy and daylight design. Daylight performance was evaluated using climate-based daylight modelling, with spatial daylight autonomy, annual sunlight exposure, and useful daylight illuminance metrics, which can integrate the daylight provision and potential glare prediction into a combined approach. This analysis was complemented by using a daylight glare probability index to verify the upper-lit thresholds of the applied methods. This paper provides an easy-to-apply daylight strategies guide for designers and the comparison of the daylight metrics in different climate contexts. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"107-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47530594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and Energy Efficiency of Artificial Lighting Control Systems for Stairwells of Multistory Residential Buildings","authors":"V. Burmaka, M. Tarasenko, Kateryna Kozak, V. Khomyshyn, Nataliia Sabat","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to determine the economic and energy efficiency usage of the artificial lighting control systems, with the help of astronomical relays and motion sensors, by various types of light sources for the stairwells (stair landings and staircases) of multistory residential buildings. The analysis of the residents’ monthly movement intensity of the 9-story residential buildings through the buildings entrance, doorways, and apartment doors was carried out. The economic and energy efficiency of use the artificial lighting control systems with an astronomical relays and motion sensors with different types of light sources was determined. Regardless of the light sources` type, the astronomical relay’s use leads to reduction in the electricity consumption of artificial lighting in 43.31% – 50.52%. Moreover, the motion sensors’ use on stairwells leads to a significant reduction in electrical energy consumption: in a case of halogen lamps – by 97.73%, compact fluorescent lamps – by 95.27%, light-emitting diodes lamps – by 93.98%. For the first time, the data of 9story residential buildings inhabitants’ traffic intensity through the first-floor doorway for the Ternopil city, Ukraine has been carried out. It has been proved the economic feasibility and energy efficiency of using combined lighting with an artificial lighting control system for stairwells of multistory residential buildings. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"93-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47348815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daylight Distribution Improvement Using Automated Prismatic Louvre","authors":"A. Eltaweel, M. Mandour, Q. Lv, Yuehong Su","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.7","url":null,"abstract":"Louvre is a common type of shading devices and has been increasingly used in office buildings. Meanwhile, some reflective types of louvre have been used to provide shade and to redirect daylight deep into buildings interior simultaneously. Furthermore, daylighting systems have been recently engaged with automation control to improve their performance and increase their accuracy. Accordingly, automation of a louvre can optimise daylighting performance, maximising visual comfort, and lighting energy saving. In order to maximise the benefits of daylight, these shading devices should be controlled efficiently using advanced control methods. On the other hand, one of the significant application in daylighting systems is the prismatic panel, which was used in several buildings to improve daylighting due to its easy installation, which also based on redirecting the light into the interior of the buildings, besides its reflective and refractive characteristic. This article presents a feasibility study on the combination of two advanced daylighting designs, i.e., prismatic panel and automated louvre, aiming to achieve simultaneous shading and redirecting daylight for better daylight distribution. In the proposed design, the louvre is comprised of prismatic slats, i.e., prismatic panel as slat. The prismatic louvre is implemented virtually based on an algorithmic system using parametric software Grasshopper, in order to control the automation process parametrically as a first step, and then the daylighting performance is simulated using Radiance as a plug-in to Grasshopper. The optical characteristics of the prismatic slats in an automated louvre is investigated. A comparison has been made in simulation between a prismatic panel and the automated louvres with reflective slats and prismatic slats, respectively, to evaluate their daylighting performance in a south-orientated virtual room in New Cairo. The simulation results are given for the conditions of clear sky on the 21st of June, 21st of September, and 21st of December. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47077252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power Factor Correction of Compact Fluorescent and Tubular LED Lamps by Boost Converter with Hysteretic Control","authors":"J. Revelo-Fuelagán, J. Candelo-Becerra, F. E. Hoyos","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.6","url":null,"abstract":"Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) and Light-emitting Diode (LED) lamps have received wide acceptance in lighting applications during the last few years. However, without a power factor correction (PFC), the lamps reach a lagging power factor below 0.64 while the total harmonic distortion (THD) in the input current can be over 136%. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient, small size, low cost, and analog technology based on PFC for CFLs and tubular LED lamps. The topology to couple the line with the ballast of the lamp consists of a boost electronic converter under a hysteretic controller that is designed based on hysteretic current mode control. Besides, an experimental prototype is implemented with the PFC applied to a 15 W CFL and 12 W tubular LED lamp. The results show that the prototype corrects the lagging power factor to a value close to 0.98 and that harmonic levels are obtained below the limits set by the IEC 61000-3-2 Class C standard. Furthermore, the test showed that lamps with the PFC can be switched on and off more times than lamps without the PFC due to the low THD produced in the CFL, thus avoiding abrupt changes in the line current. These results are promising, as the controller does not require a compensation ramp as in other PWM control strategies, and it can be adapted to any type of lamp that draws a pulsating input current. In addition, the proposed controller could be applied to correct the power factor or regulate voltage for other applications, as it is an autonomous control technique with compact implementation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43110923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric Analysis of Architectural Elements on Daylight, Visual Comfort, and Electrical Energy Performance in the Study Spaces","authors":"N. Nasrollahi, E. Shokry","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.5","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of visual comfort has always been an essential element considering human comfort. Providing visual comfort in a living environment reduces the need for artificial lighting, which subsequently has a direct relationship with energy consumptions and its expenses. Besides, the maximum possible usage of daylight instead of artificial lighting significantly contributes to providing a favourable condition in terms of visual comfort for the residents. This essential factor is manifested in public spaces, such as libraries that are associated with students and the quality of their study time. The main aim of this paper is to provide applied solutions to use more natural lighting strategies as an alternative for artificial lighting, which helps to reduce electric energy consumption while providing visual comfort for users. The role of architectural elements, such as the position and dimensions of the windows, reflectivity of materials, layout of surfaces, and appropriateness of space in line with the objectives as mentioned earlier are examined thoroughly. For this purpose, literature studies, as well as computer simulations via Relux software, are utilized to investigate the set research objectives. Finally, the simulation results suggest that the best orientation to achieve the optimal model using daylight in study spaces is northernsouthern orientation. In addition, using windows with maximum height in the middle of the transverse front of buildings with window to wall ratio of 35 to 45 percent along the vertical and horizontal divisions (grid) is suitable for such places. Design criteria include the higher access to daylight, visual comfort, and reduction of electrical energy consumption. The reflectivity coefficients for roof materials, floor, and walls are 0.6, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.6, respectively, and transparency for windows is 80%. The obtained results also suggest the length-to-width ratio and height-to-width ratio are 6-to-5 while horizontal and vertical surfaces in near windows and in middle space along the longitudinal direction are optimal for research purposes. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"57-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Analysis of the Performance of Light Shelves in Different Geometrical Configurations Through the Scale Model Approach","authors":"P. Zazzini, A. Romano, A. D. Lorenzo, Valeria Portaluri, A. D. Crescenzo","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.4","url":null,"abstract":"Daylight plays a significant role in achieving energy saving and comfort in buildings. It is in accordance with the human circadian rhythms and allows the best visual conditions in work environments and residential buildings. Recently, numerous researchers have focused their attention on the performance of technological devices able to increase natural light availability in interior areas of buildings. Among them, light shelves are commonly used with the aim of improving the depth of daylight penetration, trying to reduce the nonuniform diffusion of light entering from vertical windows. In this paper, the authors propose six different configurations of an internalexternal light shelf and analyse their performance using the experimental scale model approach under real sky. Although the method is not very accurate as deduced from literature on this topic, the authors still demonstrate its usefulness in examining different geometric configurations of light shelves. In fact, even if the results highlight inaccuracies in the method used, which are accentuated under direct sun light, they are useful for considerations in the comparative analysis, particularly in regard to data logged under partially completely cloudy skies albeit with the awareness that light shelves’ effectiveness is improved under direct sun light. Despite its limits, the method is simple to use and can be considered efficient in allowing the authors to carry out considerations regarding the performance of the system analysed. Among the six different configurations proposed two seem to be the most efficient and are characterized by the presence of an internal highly reflecting surface applied on the ceiling and an external one with two different inclination angles (10° and 20°). © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"37-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45489689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}