Journal of Daylighting最新文献

{"title":"Lighting to Enhance Wayfinding for Thai Elderly Adults in Nursing Homes","authors":"N. Tuaycharoen","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.3","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to explore the effects of lighting and other environmental variables in terms of the colour, signage, and furnishings on the indoor wayfinding of Thai seniors in a nursing home. Three major studies were conducted. The first study aimed at exploring the effects of the lighting parameters in rooms in a nursing home environment, which were the opening type, luminaire type, lamp type, and the type of view-out on the wayfinding performance of Thai elderly people. Three room contexts of a nursing home were investigated: bedroom, living room, and dining room. A survey was conducted with the participation of 308 Thai seniors who experienced the indoor environments of six nursing homes with the investigated variables. The second study was to explore the effects of the colour and material of the environment on the wayfinding performance of Thai elderly people in the three room contexts of the nursing home. The factors relating to the colour and material of the environment were explored, which comprised the correlated colour temperature (CCT), room colour, brightness contrast between room’s surface and furniture, and material of the room’s surface. For this study, data were collected from 45 Thai seniors tested in a laboratory chamber at the Mittraphap-songkhro Foundation Female Nursing Home and Tharnnukhro Foundation Bangkhen Nursing Home, Thailand. The last study was an investigation of the effects of the lighting, colour, and signage on wayfinding in the corridor in the nursing homes, which were evaluated by 129 Thai elderly participants. The subjects evaluated these environments from a virtual reality environment using concrete concepts like clear/blurry, attractive/unattractive, navigable/unnavigable, and inviting/repellent. The results confirmed that Thai elderly people were increasingly dependent on a compensating environment. The significant factors included the opening type, luminaire type, lamp type, and type of view-out, as well as other factors relating to the colour, signage, and furnishings of the nursing home environments. These results produced the conclusion that appropriate lighting and architectural features in terms of the colour, signage, and furnishings promoted the indoor wayfinding of Thai seniors in nursing homes. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49370950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Different Circadian Lighting Metrics in a Health Residence","authors":"N. Busatto, T. D. Mora, F. Peron, P. Romagnoni","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.2","url":null,"abstract":"During the last three decades, various scientific researchers analysed the connection between natural elements and human life, both as far as well-being and productivity. This study simulates circadian lighting metrics on elderly occupants in a healthcare residence, with different types of metrics. It presents an application of some metrics that try to quantify the effects of natural light on the human being. Circadian Action Factor, Circadian Stimulus, and Equivalent Melanopic Lux are considered. Starting from the spectral power distribution parameter, the three metrics are compared. The final aim is to build up a standard technique to represent the effect of key design choices on the accomplishment of endorsed circadian framework boost for healthcare residences occupied by elderly people. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor Investigation of High Concentrator Photovoltaic Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Illumination","authors":"Hashem Shatnawi, A. Aldossary","doi":"10.15627/jd.2020.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2020.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed in outdoor conditions to quantify the level of influence on the electrical performance of the Multi-junction (MJ) solar cells. It was discovered that non-uniform illumination on the solar cell could reduce the MJ electrical output by more than 40%. Also, the irradiation uniformity was improved by applying several methods; increasing the distance between the concentrator and the receiver (l) and introducing a secondary optical element (SOE) on the receiver. The outdoor measurement also revealed that the electrical efficiency of the solar cell increased from around 22% to 37% with an increment of 68%, due to improvement of irradiation uniformity. However, the optical efficiency substantially fell when increasing the distance (l). To address this issue, a 0.06 m high SOE having a surface reflectivity of 90% above the PV assembly was implemented to enhance the irradiation uniformity and to minimise the dramatic decline in optical efficiency. The hot spot initiated by non-uniform illumination was also examined in outdoor conditions by measuring the temperature at the centre and both sides of the PV cell. Accordingly, a variance of about 13 K was observed between the centre and both sides (0.005 m distance) of the PV cell’s surface area, which was further reduced to 1 K after improving the illumination uniformity. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heliostats Daylighting System for Multi-floor Buildings","authors":"I. Ullah","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.18","url":null,"abstract":"Daylighting has been considered as a major part of sustainable buildings for saving electric lighting and providing benefits such as, health, visual comfort, and productivity of the occupants. A daylighting system enables the sunlight to capture and deliver it in the interior spaces that cannot be illuminated through windows. Previously, small-scale daylighting systems have been presented using active and passive techniques. This paper presents a daylighting scheme to illuminate the interior of a multi-floor building. Traditional light pipe-based systems are lacked to achieve a high concentration of sunlight for illuminating the interior of a multi-floor building. Here, a highly concentrated light pipe-based daylighting system is presented using heliostats. The daylighting system includes heliostats, light pipe, and light guide to collect, transmit, and distribute the light in the interior of the multi-floor building, respectively. The light guide is made of a reflective film and a prismatic optical film for distributing the light in the interior. Heliostats track the sun and reflect the light towards a circular flat mirror, which inserts the light into the light pipe. To transmit a portion of the light into the light guide for illuminating the interior of each floor, a redirecting mirror is placed at the inlet of the light guide inside the light pipe. Simulation results have shown that an efficiency of 40% is achieved providing almost uniform illumination in the interior. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"202-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46800281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Building Typology on Daylight Optimization Using Building Information Modeling: Apartments in Erbil City as a Case Study","authors":"Mohammed Nadhim Majeed, F. Mustafa, Husein Husein","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.17","url":null,"abstract":"Daylight represents one of the crucial factors that affect directly on the building performance and its occupants. This study assesses the daylight performance in the multi-storey residential buildings (apartments) in Erbil city. It aims to find out the impact of building typology on daylighting quality and quantity. The endeavour of this research is to determine the optimal plan typology in providing sufficient daylight levels. A simulation method has been used with an academic licensed Revit Architecture 2019 with plugged insight daylight analysis as one of Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools for achieving this goal. Five multi-storey residential buildings were selected as cases of study. Three types of simulation were run on each project: Illuminance, LEED, and Daylight Autonomy to achieve results. The results were analyzed and compared with daylight standards levels. The results demonstrated that the point typology is the best type of plans among all cases in terms of providing optimal daylight performance, while the double-loaded plan typology was the worst. The study concluded that the plan typology has an obvious impact on achieving daylight performance in the multi-storey residential buildings. The current research can contribute to identifying the shortcomings of daylight levels in buildings seeking to overcome it in the early phases of design. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"187-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Multi-Surface Solar Concentrator","authors":"Fangzhou Liu, Hongfei Zheng, Rihui Jin, Xinglong Ma","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.16","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-surface solar concentrator is proposed in this study. The concentrator is designed by improving the light receiving rate of a parabola when the incident angle changes within 0°~20° by adding involute, shifting the involute up, and changing the shape of the parabolic top. The results show that adding involute can effectively avoid light escaping from the bottom, which improves the light receiving rate under large incident angle. The light receiving rate is improved by increasing the height of involute at incident angle of about 5°~15°. Changing the shape of the top of parabola apparently improves the light receiving rate under high incident angle. Finally, the concentrator was tested experimentally. The experimental efficiency of the concentrator at different incident angles was 0.426. The average light receiving rate of 0.868 was achieved through the optical simulation where different losses include the optical loss, such as the absorption and reflection of the glass cover, the absorption of reflectors, the heat loss, etc. Thus, the concentrator provides a stable and efficient energy source. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45527919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Characteristic Investigation on an Underwater Adjustable Focus Solar Concentrator with Single-Layer Membrane","authors":"Shen Liang, Hongfei Zheng, Dandan Cui, Xinglong Ma","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an underwater adjustable focus solar concentrator, which is composed of a piece of transparent elastic membrane and a hollow cylindrical-like structure. The deformation characteristic of the membrane is simulated in this study. It is found that the membrane is deformed into a sphere under the action of pressure difference. Optical simulation of the concentrator with different deformation ratios is carried out. The results illustrate that both the f-number and the concentration ratio are decreased when the membrane deformation is enlarged. For instance, if the deformation ratio changes from 0.1 to 0.4, the f-number ranges from 20 to 5.6, and the concentration ratio is changed from 440 to 40. The variation of the light receiving rate with the tracking error is also analyzed. The results show that the receiver captures 73% light within the tracking error of 0.6°. Experiments are performed to investigate the energy distribution on the focus and the performance of the underwater photovoltaic system. As a result, when the solar radiation of 590 W/m2 is achieved, the maximum energy density on the focus decreases from 40 kW/m2 to about 35.4 kW/m2 with the deformation ratio ranges from 0.1 to 0.3. In addition, the average output power of about 1.3 W of the gallium arsenide solar cell, having a size of 10×10 mm2, is achieved. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45324551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobioreactors as a Dynamic Shading System Conceived for an Outdoor Workspace of the State Library of Queensland in Brisbane: Study of Daylighting Performances","authors":"V. L. Verso, Matin H.S. Javadi, S. Pagliolico, Corrado Carbonaro, G. Sassi","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.14","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of responsive shading systems, the use of photobioreactors (PBRs) containing microalgae seems to be a promising technology. Within this framework, this paper presents a case study where a PBR was specifically conceived as a shading system for an external workspace located on an open terrace of the State Library of Queensland (SLQ) in Brisbane. The proposed shading system makes use of PBRs as translucent screening elements, capable of regulating natural light to provide adequate visual comfort for a multi-purpose workspace, despite exposure of the site to direct sunlight and fluctuating weather conditions. The microalgae (Scenedesmus Obliquus) cultivated within the shading elements contribute to improving the environment by bio-sequestrating CO2 and producing oxygen. They are also a valuable raw material containing bioactive compounds with various applications including nutraceutical products, livestock feed, and biofuel synthesis. In addition, their green pigmentation is visually engaging and allows for the filtration of solar radiation. The paper focuses on analyzing the daylight performance in the outdoor workplace under the PBR shade. The biomass density of the PBR is adjustable across a wide range of light transmittances (10%-80%) to counter the highly variable outdoor conditions. For different Tv values, illuminance values were calculated using the simulation tool DIVA-for-Rhino and then analyzed as both point-in-time illuminance in June, September and December, and through climate-based daylight metrics such as the Daylight Autonomy and the Useful Daylight Illuminance. As a further step, the daylighting performances were compared to two other climates (Turin, Italy, and Dubai, United Arab Emirates), to verify which setting of the PBR may be suitable for different boundary conditions, thus making the system more widely applicable. The results in Brisbane showed that for clear sky conditions, higher levels of biomass saturation are needed (Tv < 20%) to remain in the 300-3000 lx ‘optimal’ illuminance comfort range, with lower concentrations (Tv < 30%) to remain within the 300-6000 lx ‘acceptable’ illuminance comfort range. Differently, in overcast sky conditions, the optimal range of illuminance is easily obtained with reduced levels of biomass saturation (Tv < 80%). © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"148-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49145871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Saving Generated Through Automatic Lighting Control Systems According to the Estimation Method of the Standard EN 15193-1","authors":"V. L. Verso, A. Pellegrino","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.13","url":null,"abstract":"The standard EN 15193-1:2017 “Energy performance of buildings Energy requirements for lighting” introduced a detailed method to calculate the energy demand for lighting in buildings. The method contains a calculation of the daylight supply, which accounts for the impact of lighting control systems, both daylight-linked and occupancy-based. This paper presents the results of a study carried out to quantify, with respect to a manual on/off switch, the energy savings due to the four typologies of daylight-linked controls included in the standards, as well as their combination with an occupancy auto off control. To highlight the factors that affect the amount of saved electric energy, several spaces were considered, with different daylight availability, windows orientation and shading system, located in sites at different latitudes and climate conditions, and considering two types of building: offices and classrooms. A database of 2880 cases was built. As a second step of the study, for each site and type of control, the minimum window-to-wall ratio necessary to obtain a pre-defined saving was calculated. The results show for what combinations of variables two target savings of 20% and of 30% can be reached using the photodimming and occupancy controls contained in the standard. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by solarlits.com. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":"6 1","pages":"131-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46050889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Table of contents to volume 6, issue 2","authors":"M. J. Clark","doi":"10.15627/jd.2019.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15627/jd.2019.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Daylighting","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48795282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}