{"title":"Die attachment Process Overview for High Power Semiconductors","authors":"M. Myśliwiec, R. Kisiel","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168484","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the most common assembly techniques: soldering, solid-liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding and sintering used to assemble high power semiconductors. The review of techniques has been supplemented by own research dedicated to the modification of sintering techniques based on Ag paste with a small addition of resin. The following criteria were used: adhesion and thermal properties. It was found that using a two-step pressureless sintering process: drying at 60°C for 10 min, place chip on hot paste and sintering at 175°C for 30 min, good adhesion (>10MPa) and low joint thermal resistance (less than 0.1 KW) can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"1916 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127632635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Kalčík, R. Soukup, B. Malengier, Michaela Radouchová, Pavel Rous
{"title":"Towards Textile Thermopiles","authors":"Jan Kalčík, R. Soukup, B. Malengier, Michaela Radouchová, Pavel Rous","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168518","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with textile thermopiles. Textile thermopiles were realized in the form of five serial thermocouples for higher sensitivity. Textile thermopiles realized for this article were made of two types of hybrid conductive threads, materials correspond to thermocouple type T. Thermocouple junctions were realized by embroidery of X-shape and welded by thermocompression welding on a resistance welding machine. Welding was realized using the thermocompression electrode. Samples were tested at the stepped temperature profile in the range from $40^{circ}mathrm{C}$ to $145^{circ}mathrm{C}$. Results were compared with individual textile thermocouples. The sensitivity and standard deviation of test set textile thermopiles and thermocouples were calculated. It corresponds to the IEC 584 Class 2 condition.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128131975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Field Failure Investigation of Power LEDs caused by Bond Wire Defect","authors":"S. Schuh, B. Czerny","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168475","url":null,"abstract":"LED lighting is an energy-efficient, durable, and eco-friendly solution that has become increasingly important in recent years. Advancements in LED technology have greatly improved the longevity of LED lights and they have become an indispensable part of lighting solutions, making them a popular choice for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Although LEDs are known to have a long service life, in practice the occurrence of various degradation mechanisms can significantly shorten the lifetime. Factors such as humidity, electrostatic discharge damage and an unstable power supply can accelerate the degradation process. In this study, an LED spotlight that had failed prematurely under real operating conditions was examined to determine the failure mechanism. The structural degradation of the LEDs was qualified and located by ultraviolet illumination with optical microscopy and detailed analysis using scanning electron microscopy. VI characteristics measured for each individual LED revealing the integrity and higher current in the low-forward-bias for damaged LEDs. These damaged LEDs were not detected by electroluminescence spectrum analysis. The investigation showed that two LEDs were not functional and at least one LED driver was defective. One defect LED showed a broken phosphor layer. This LED, as well as the LEDs in the immediate vicinity, showed a white structure on the phosphor layer with strongly reduced or absent photoluminescent properties. The defects detected indicate destruction by a current/voltage spike, assumed to be caused by voltage peaks on the mains side.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133410109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Shock Ageing of Joints Soldered Using Formic Acid Vapors on Thick Printed Copper Substrates","authors":"M. Hirman, D. Michal, J. Řeboun, F. Steiner","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168336","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the soldering of larger components onto ceramic substrates with printed copper patterns with a reduced amount of flux. The main aim of the research was to find a suitable soldering method and study the reliability of soldered joints on ceramic substrates under thermal shock ageing. The mock-up chips were used in the test and for this reason the test was primarily focused on bottom joint in the structure or sandwich structures. In the experiment, vacuum soldering using formic acid vapors to reduce oxides was used. Then the samples were observed under X-RAY radiation and submitted for thermal shock testing (-40 °C / 125° C / 1000 cycles). After the shock testing, another X-RAY scan with void area measurement and shear strength testing were realized. The results showed that our contacting soldering process on ceramic substrates is applicable and the samples also endures the shock ageing, especially bottom joint between ceramic substrate with Cu layer and solder alloy. The results also showed that void area and mechanical shear strength of soldered ceramic samples are relatively comparable with standard samples (FR-4).","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131501194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Characterization of the Interconnection of Semiconductors on Thin Copper and Silver Layers Using Infrared Thermography","authors":"Mirko Kirchhoff, Henry Barth, L. Rebenklau","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168463","url":null,"abstract":"Power electronics play a crucial role in the ongoing energy transition and in the fast-growing market of electric vehicles. Power semiconductor devices are used to convert electric energy. Losses occur in the device, especially during switching operations, which means that electrical energy is converted into heat. Since all electrical systems have an operating temperature limit, thermal management is an issue. This work is focused on a test setup for thermal-electric characterization of all kinds of power electronic substrates, mostly metal-ceramic composites. Special features of the set up are the infrared thermography and power control.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131902785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparison Between Pressure-less and Pressure-assisted Cu Sintering for Cu Pillar Flip Chip Bonding","authors":"A. Rodrigues, A. Roshanghias","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168441","url":null,"abstract":"As the most promising candidate for heterogeneous and 3D integration, Copper (Cu)-based interconnect are gaining prominence, due to superior characteristics (e.g., low resistivity, high electromigration resistance, high-temperature performance and low cost). Cu pillars allow for finer pitch, by providing higher control of bump diameter and height when compared to solder bumps. Flip chip bonding of Cu pillars can be conducted directly through thermocompression bonding or indirectly by employing solder caps. While the former imposes high temperature and pressures on the interface, the latter face reliability issues due to the formation of brittle intermetallic and thermal mismatches. Correspondingly, in this study, an alternative approach for solder-free Cu pillar bonding using Cu sinter pastes was investigated. To achieve an all-Cu interconnect between Cu pillars and Cu pads, a recently developed pressure-less Cu sinter paste was used in this study. The electrical and mechanical properties of the flip-chip bonded Cu pillars using pressure-less Cu paste were further compared with a pressure-assisted Cu paste. The long-term reliability of the bonded samples was assessed using thermal cycling tests.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134576213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AQI monitoring system for intelligent transport systems","authors":"R. Miletiev, R. Yordanov, I. Damyanov","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168384","url":null,"abstract":"The intelligent transport systems (ITS) potentially contribute towards eco-driving by reducing carbon and pollutant emissions, such as particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide, are detrimental to the environment and human health. Nowadays the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication is used in the ITS to send bi-directional an information for the lane markings, traffic congestion, weather advisories, road signs, traffic light status, etc. Simultaneously the increased level of air pollution in the cities requires real – time monitoring of the air quality, so the integrated V2I communication may be also used to send the air quality data to the remote server and the traffic infrastructure behavior and the vehicle flows to be optimized to achieve better Air Quality Index (AQI). On the basis of the vehicle information such as a vehicle type (e-car, hybrid or petrol car) and the air quality analysis the intelligent transport system may reduce the emissions by switching the operating modes of the hybrid cars or reduce the traffic speed to decrease the particulate matter emissions. The paper represents the air pollution monitoring systems for the intelligent transport systems capable of real-time monitoring based on V2I communication via cellular networks","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128702360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Janda, S. Pretl, Michaela Radouchová, D. Michal, S. Lotfi, J. Řeboun
{"title":"Realization of Stretchable Conductive Traces on Textile Substrate Utilizing Direct Ink Writing","authors":"M. Janda, S. Pretl, Michaela Radouchová, D. Michal, S. Lotfi, J. Řeboun","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168501","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the usability of a thermoplastic polyurethane foil laminated on a textile substrate in the field of stretchable electronics is explored. Based on the mechanical properties of a TPU foil and textile substrates, the maximal possible stretchability is defined. Then, realization of a conductive structures on TPU foils by a direct ink writing system is examined. The stretchability of conductive printed traces is rated based on the electrical resistance changes during mechanical stretching. Different shapes of traces are analyzed to avoid interruption in the expansion range, which is in the elastic deformation zone of the TPU film and textile substrate.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128751870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Gold Contacts on Novel Carbyne-enriched Material","authors":"R. Tomov, Mariya Aleksandrova","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168392","url":null,"abstract":"Gold contacts were deposited on a carbyne-enriched film, and the resistance between two electrodes and the sheet resistance of the carbyne-enriched film were measured before and after annealing at different temperatures, to explore the applicability of the gold as an electrode and the possibility for lowering the contact resistance. Resistances were measured and their relative changes were determined to qualitatively deduce the extent to which the annealing affects the contact resistance between the gold and the carbyne-enriched material. Exploring contacts between different metals and the carbyne-enriched film is of importance for the fabrication of future carbyne-based devices, for example, organic sensors detecting a variety of molecules such as harmful gasses.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126033516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corina Ruxandra Mitulescu, Madalin Moise, B. Mihailescu, P. Svasta
{"title":"Optimization for Power Supplies Thermal Regime","authors":"Corina Ruxandra Mitulescu, Madalin Moise, B. Mihailescu, P. Svasta","doi":"10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE57496.2023.10168343","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the thermal flow on a power transistors stage inside an operational AC-DC supply source. The study is done to optimize power AC-DC operation, used as a battery charger, digital systems supply and so on. optimization is accomplished by a synergically approach between thermal measurements and thermal modeling. The experimental measurements with the IR precision image thermal camera FLIR SC640 give an appropriate view of the main heat dissipation A thermal solver, using detailed electrical and thermal information offers the designer an optimization of the power stage heat dissipation to achieve maximum system performance. The study aims to enlarge the power range of this type of versatile power AC-DC source by an optimized thermal operation design. Co-simulation also enables the designer to ensure for prototypes a short time analysis for the system. The results are interpreted for good reliability of the device.","PeriodicalId":373085,"journal":{"name":"2023 46th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130747696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}