Journal of Animal Science Advances最新文献

{"title":"Chemical and Nutrient Composition of Cattle Hide (“Welle”) Using Different Processing Methods","authors":"W. Akwetey, Dabour Cephas Eremong, A. Donkoh","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130430123444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130430123444","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in cattle hides (“welle”) processed using either fermentation or singeing with wood, discarded motorbike tyre or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Crude protein, ether extract and ash contents of “welle” were also determined. Heavy metal levels in fermented and singed samples ranged from 73.13 to 264.14 mg Fe/kg; 5.84 to 40.04 mg Mn/kg; 0.19 to 20.31 mg Cu/kg and 3.29 to 35.31 mg Zn/kg respectively. The contents of Pb and Cd in the hides were below detectable limits. Fermented treatments recorded significantly higher (p<0.05) metals compared to singed treatments. Percentage CP, EE and ash values for both un-singed and singed hides ranged from 85.60 to 93.60, 4.0 to 11.67, and 0.83 to 1.67 respectively. Suggestions were made about how to produce “welle” in an environmentally friendly manner.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133186604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Vitamin E And Selenium on Fertility, Hatchability And Survivability of Turkey","authors":"Adebiyi Olufemi Adebukola, A. O. Temitope, M. Bukola, A. Adebisi","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20140723035035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20140723035035","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of supplementing diets with vitamin E and selenium on fertility, hatchability and survivability of indigenous turkey was undertaken using 48, thirty two weeks old turkeys. They were randomly allotted to four treatments and each treatment was in triplicate of one tom to three hens per replicate. T1 (control-the basal diet), T2 (250mg/kg vitamin E supplementation), T3 (0.30mg/kg selenium supplementation) and T4 (combination of 125mg/kg vitamin E and 0.15mg/kg selenium supplementation) in a completely randomized design. Data collected on parent stock were average egg produced (AEP), average egg weight (AEW), feed intake, number of poult hatched (ANPH) while average hatched weight (AHWP), survivability, average survival weight (ASWP), weekly weight gain, weekly feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were taken for the poults. The AEP (T1-28, T2-9.0, T3-10.5, T4-3.5) varied significantly (p 0.05) variation among treatments. Percentage hatchability is significantly higher for birds on T4 (91.67%) compared with those on Treatments 1 (39.44), 2 (48.21) and 3 (33.33). No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed for AHWP, feed intake and FCR of the poults. Percentage survivability (T1-61.5%, T2- 85.0%, T3-66.67%, T4-90.0%) was improved significantly (p<0.05) by the treatments. Birds on T4 (205.97g) had significantly (p<0.05) higher value of ASWP than those on T1 (181.0g). From the study it can be concluded that supplementing parent turkey diet with vitamin E and selenium at 125 mg/kg and 0.15 mg/kg of the diet respectively improved percentage hatchability and percentage survivability of their poults.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"13 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131859243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Anthelmintic Efficacy of Caesalpinia Crista, Nigella Sativa and Oxfendazole in Broilers with Experimentally Induced Ascaridia Galli Infection -","authors":"S. Shah, M. S. Khan, I. Ali, T. H. Rafiullah, H. Sattar","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20150425041541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20150425041541","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to explore the effect of two herbal drugs, Caesalpinia crista and Nigella sativa in comparison with Oxfendazole in broilers experimentally induced with Ascaridia galli infection .A total of 130 day old broiler chicks were divided into five groups i.e. A, B, C, D and E each group having 26 birds. Group E was kept as negative control, while all other groups were induced with experimental Ascardia galli infection on 15 day. Group A was kept as positive control and groups B and C were treated with Caesalpinia crista and Nigella sativa as methanolic extract orally once @50mg/kg body weight and group D was medicated with Oxfendazole @10mg/kg body weight orally once on 25 day post infection. On 25th day post infection before treatment 4 birds from each group were slaughtered, and worm count was done. The efficacy was confirmed by counting the worm, slaughtering all the bird on 30 day post infection. The mean worm count was significantly different (p<0.05) between the treated and non treated groups. The efficacy of the plant extracts were less as compare to Oxfendazole. The efficacy of Caesalpinia crista and Nigella sativa was 70.83% and 57.5% respectively while the efficacy of Oxfendazole was 90.83%.In vitro treatment at 37±1°C revealed that a serial dose of the plant extract caused dose-dependent vermicidal effect on the worm (significant efficacy at P<0.05), except at the lowest dose (i.e. 5 mg/mL). The efficacy of drugs was calculated on the basis of reduction in total worm count after treatment.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124693093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical Alterations of Experimentally Induced Hypomagnesaemia in Male Baladi Goats","authors":"T. Ahmed, H. A. El-Maksoud, W. A. Elkharadly","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130531102556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130531102556","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to investigate the effect of experimental hypomagnesemia on glutathione redox cycle, nitric oxide, serum, glucose, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, cortisone and insulin in baladi goats. Two groups of twelve healthy Baladi male goats were used; the first one contained 5 animals and kept as control group. The second group includes 7 animals administrated with potassium chloride and citric acid daily until the development of the characteristic signs of hypomagnesaemia observed. Blood samples were collected at 6, 12, 18 and 24 days of administration. The obtained results revealed that decreases in serum magnesium, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, insulin and nitrate concentration and erythrocytes glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and total superoxide dismutase activities were decreased whereas erythrocytes catalase activity, serum cortisone and glucose concentration were significantly increased in hypomagnesemic induced group when compared with the control group. From these results it could be conclude that nitric oxide release, glutathione redox cycle activities, insulin and cortisone levels were markedly affected by hypomagnesaemia. Such alterations may be considered as predisposing factors responsible for the tissue injury and vascular changes observed in hypomagnesaemia.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133460009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors associated with Rabies and Dog Bites among Dogs Involved in Bites in Plateau State, Nigera between 2011 and 2012 -","authors":"Karshima N S, Kujul N B, Ogbu K I, Abdullateef M H, Dung P A, Salihu A A, Obalisa A, Paman N D, Karshima","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130331050415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130331050415","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the incidence of rabies among dogs involved in bites and the risk factors associated with rabies infections and dog bites in Plateau State, Nigeria, between January 2011 and December, 2012 using the fluorescent antibody test, the mouse inoculation test and questionnaire analysis. The overall incidence observed was 46.7% (150/321), with males and females representing 27.7% (89/321) and 19.0% (61/321) of the overall incidence respectively. This was statistically insignificant (P> 0.05). In relation to dog breeds, incidence rates observed were 45.8% (147/321), 0.3% (1/321), 0.6% (2/321) and 0.0% (0/321) for Local, Alsatian, Rottweiler and Caucasian respectively which was statistically insignificant. Based on rabies vaccination status, vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs had incidence rates of 1.2% (4/321) and 45.5% (146/321) which was statistically significant (P 36 months 19.0% (61/321), followed by dogs within the age group 0-6 months 11.8% (38/321), while the lowest was among those within the age bracket >30-36 months 1.6% (5/321). This was was highly statistically significant (P60 years of age 2.2% (13/321). In relation to sex, incidence of dog bite was higher among males 57.6% (185/321) than females 42.4% (136/321). Risk factors analysis indicated that level of awareness of rabies, lack of vaccination of dogs against rabies, the bitten of pet dogs by stray dogs and the capture of trade dogs from the wild are associated with the incidence of rabies in the study area. This study observed a high incidence of rabies among dogs involved in bites and a higher incidence of dog bites among children between the age brackets 0-10 and 11-20. It is recommended that there should be increased veterinary education on the public health risk of rabies in the study area and the necessity of prevention through animal intervention.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133789525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Probiotic and/or Prebiotic Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Some Serum Biochemical Alterations in Broiler Chicken -","authors":"M. Soltan","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20151118110619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20151118110619","url":null,"abstract":"A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of prebiotic (mannan oligosaccharide, MOS), Probiotic (Lactobacilli spp.) and their combination (symbiotic) on growth performance, some carcass traits and some blood serum biochemical alterations in broilers. Two hundred, one day-old broiler chicks (Cobb) were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments (50 chicks/treatment) for 6 weeks. Treatment groups were as follow: 1. Basal diet (control); 2. Basal diet plus Mannan-Oligosaccharide (MOS) (0.5g of MOS/kg diet); 3. Basal diet plus probiotic (0.25g/kg diet and 4. Basal diet plus the combination of pre and probiotics (synbiotic). Statistical analysis of the obtained data indicated that prebiotic plus probiotic supplementation increased (P≤0.05) final body weight by about 15.1%, 9.5% and 7.3% when compared with control and chicks group fed on basal diet supplemented with prebiotic or prebiotic plus probiotic respectively. It was observed that prebiotic or probiotic supplementation improved total gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and efficiency of energy utilization throughout the whole experimental period by about (5.0%, 2.7%, 1.96% and 2.2) and (7.4%, 6.9%, 6.7% and 6.4) respectively when compared with the control. On the other hand, combination of prebiotic and probiotic showed better results of the tested parameters when compared with the control or with prebiotic or probiotics alone supplemented chick groups. Moreover, it was noticed that both prebiotic and probiotic alone or combined supplementation reduced blood serum cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipids and LDL concentrations and improved HDL concentration when compared with non-supplemented group. However, prebiotic (MOS containing product) significantly (P≤0.05) improved kidney function through reduction of blood serum uric acid concentration when compared with the control while probiotic (Lactobacili sp. containing product) and both prebiotic and probiotic combination had no significant effect. Prebiotic and/or probiotic supplementation improved phagocytic index, some immune organs relative weights, while had no clear effect on broiler carcass traits.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"73 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116633560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Thermostable Phytase Supplementation on Growth Performance and Ca and P Metabolism of Broilers.","authors":"Yueping Chen, W. Duan, Yanmin Zhou","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130621014119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130621014119","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to study the effects of thermostable phytase supplementation on the growth performance and Ca and P metabolism of broilers for 21 d. 1-day-old Arbor Acres chicks with similar initial body weight were randomly divided into 3 treatments consisting 8 pens of 10 chicks per pen. The control group was given maize-soybean meal basal diet, and the other two groups were fed the basal diet including either 500 U ordinary phytase/kg diet or 500 U thermostable phytase/kg diet. The results indicated that broilers given diets supplemented with phytase have enhanced body weight and weight gain when compared with these fed basal diet (P 0.05). Dietary phytase supplementation significantly decreased fecal P excretion (P 0.05). The results indicated that dietary phytase supplementation can improve growth performance and metabolic status of P, and these effects appeared to be more pronounced in the thermostable phytase-supplemented group.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115327771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity in Ewes of Different Genetic Groups and Body Sizes","authors":"E. Gomes, H. Louvandini, B. Dallago, M. Canozzi, C. B. Melo, F. E. Moreno-Bernal, C. McManus","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130523111656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130523111656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114594867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Suitability of Surrogate Dams for Embryo Transfer in Cattle","authors":"Donald Rugira Kugonza, Aline Kayitesi, Fabrice Semahoro, D. Ingabire, C. A. Hirwa, D. Gahakwa","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20130430123202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20130430123202","url":null,"abstract":"Sixty-seven candidate dams were used to study the effect of surrogate genotype, parity, embryo transfer phase and hormone administration method on nine animal parameters. Six cattle genotypes, six parities and two hormonal methods were evaluated. In phase I, candidates were injected with 3ml of Estrumate®. Heat expression was then detected followed by two injections 12-hr apart of the same hormone. Standing heat was observed and individuals with good sized corpus luteum were used for embryo transfer (ET). In phase II and III, CRESTAR® ear implants were placed in each candidate. Implant removal was followed by Estrumate® injection. Standing heat was later observed followed by ET. Surrogate genotype influenced BCS (P","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124996343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Evaluation of Processed Jatropha curcas Kernel Meals: Effect on Growth Performance of Broiler Chicks","authors":"T. Ojediran, Y. Adisa, S. Yusuf, I. Emiola","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20141115115449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20141115115449","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the growth performance of broiler chicks fed differently processed (Raw Defatted Meal RDM, Toasted Defatted Meal TDM, Cooked Defatted Meal CDM, Lye Defatted Meal LDM and Sand Roasted Defatted Meal ZRDM) Jatropha curcas kernel meals. The feeding trial lasted for 21 days. 180 day-old Marshal strain unsexed broiler chicks were used for this experiment. There were 6 dietary treatments of 30 birds per treatment and 3 replicate of 10 birds each in a complete randomized design. Each differently processed Jatropha curcas kernel meals were used to replace one-third of the soybean meal in the control diet. Data on average daily feed intake (ADFI) of birds fed control (D1) was significantly (P 0.05). Birds fed the D6 diet had the highest total mortality rate (P<0.05) from others except for those fed with the D5 diet which had a similar mortality rate. The result suggests that the processing methods improves the nutrients, however, heat treatments reduced the antinutrients with minimal effect on the saponin and phorbol esters present in the Jatropha curcas kernel meals, which resulted in low feed intake in the diets 2-6. ADFI, ADWG, FGR and total mortality were adversely affected by the dietary treatments as observed by the depressed growth rate and high mortality in birds fed Jatropha curcas meals. However, further experiment should be carried out to examine the performance of broiler chicks on bio-treated samples of the processed Jatropha curcas kernel meals.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125146679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}