Journal of Animal Science Advances最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the Chemical Composition of Raw and Treated Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) and Java Plum (Syzygium Cumini) Beans for Poultry Feeding","authors":"E. Ndyomugyenyi, M. Okot, D. Mutetikka","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20141113124747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20141113124747","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical composition of Jackfruit beans (JFB) and Java plum beans (JPB) was investigated to establish their nutritive value for poultry. The beans were soaked in water before subjecting them to the following treatments: fermented in presence of wood ash (SFWA); boiled (SB); roasted (SR); autoclaved (SA); fermented after boiling (SBF); roasted after fermentation (SFR); and a combination of boiling, fermentation and roasting (SBFR). Screening to identify phytochemical compounds and quantify anti-nutrients in the raw beans; determining the content of anti-nutrients in treated beans were conducted. Additionally, proximate composition, minerals, and metabolisable energy (ME) of raw and treated beans were determined. Most (>70%) phytochemical compounds in raw JFB and JPB were anti-nutrients and included sterols, triterpenes, courmarins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, saponins and steroid glycosides. Raw JFB and JPB had 1.11, 2.44% tannins; 1.00, 1.54 % oxalates; 0.754, 0.714% phytates respectively. Tannins in raw JFB were reduced by 88.7, 88.5, 85.9 and 84.5% in SFR, SBF, SB and SBFR treatments respectively. Oxalates in JFB were reduced by 85.3% and 81.2% in SBF and SBFR treatments respectively. Proximate composition, minerals, and ME of raw JFB and JPB was 92.5, 91.0% DM; 15.1, 4.42% CP; 0.983, 0.400% EE; 4.20, 3.44% CF; 3.78, 2.17% ash; 74.0, 88.6% NFE; 13.3, 13.2 MJ/kg ME; 0.456, 0.430% Na; 0.611, 0.481% Ca; 0.222, 0.088% P; 1.53, 0.895% K respectively. The method of treatment had no effect (P˃0.05) on CF of JFB. Method of treatment had a significant (P˂0.05) effect on CP, NFE, ME, DM, ash, P, K, Na, and Ca for JFB. Method of treatment had no significant (P˃0.05) effect on CF and CP for JPB but DM, ash, EE, NFE, ME, P, K, Na, and Ca were affected (P˂0.05). The SBF and SBFR reduced tannins and oxalates from raw JFB by more than 80%. The major nutrient in JFB and JPB is energy.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121422850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Okara (Soy Pulp) on the Performance of Rhodes Island Red (RIR) in Republic of Benin","authors":"E. Attakpa, Guénolé Akojedegni, R. Dossou, I. Alkoiret","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20140620122442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20140620122442","url":null,"abstract":"This work was conducted to study the effect of feeding Okara levels on growth performance of RIR chicks. One hundred and fifty (150) day old, RIR (straight run) chicks were procured and leg banded and randomly distributed in three different treatments with two replicates. Each replicate contained 25 birds viz 50 birds per treatment. RIR chicks were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment as the control (T0) and other two groups T10 (10% Okara in diet) and T20 (20% Okara in diet) which received feed based Okara with different level. Feed intake, feed conversion ratio, daily weight gain (ADG) and economical efficiency were evaluated during rearing period. The chemical composition of Okara was determined in the laboratory. The chemical composition revealed that crude protein, crude energy and nitrogen-free extract were higher. The resulted outcomes indicate that Okara have a significant effect on body weight and Average Daily Gain of chickens. The average value of body weight of 1623; 1693 and 1740g were found in control group (T0), group T10 and group T20, respectively. Likewise, significant different were observed for feed intake. However, all types of treatment had similar effects on feed conversion ratio of chickens. Afterwards economical analysis, it may be inferred that Okara may be more economical at 20% in diet than 10%.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129886110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Growth Performance, Carcass and Haematological Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Alkaline-Treated Tiger Nut (Cyperus Esculentus) Residue Meal","authors":"Osei Kwadwo, Comfort Atuahene Charity, V. ATTOH-KOTOKU, B. A. Mensah","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20140928032536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20140928032536","url":null,"abstract":"A fifty six (56) day repeated feeding trial was conducted to investigate the nutritive value of alkaline-treated tiger nut residue meal (ATTNRM) and raw tiger nut residue meal (RTNRM) using 240 unsexed day-old broiler chicks. The birds were allotted to four dietary treatments containing 0, 10, 20 % ATTNRM and a 10 % RTNRM respectively, in a completely randomized design with three replications of 20 birds in each treatment. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Data Collected showed significant (p","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125101528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Biomarkers ACE, ANP and hs-CRP in New Zealand White Rabbits Used for Cardiovascular Research","authors":"F. S. Ferreira, F. L. Barretto, A. Fabres, L. S. Silveira, Claudio B. Carvalho","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20131029093955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20131029093955","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac biomarkers have been employed for clinical and experimental heart disease evaluation. However, several laboratory assays for the evaluation of these biomarkers are available but there is no confluence of results in healthy rabbits. The objective of this research is to provide information about hs-CRP, ANP and ACE serum levels in healthy rabbits by specific commercially ELISA kits and to generate basic tools for cardiovascular research. 38 healthy New Zealand White rabbits were used. All of them were adults, males/females, weighing 2, 2±0,28kg. The blood samples were obtained from jugular vein puncture and the biomarkers serum concentration determined by specific ELISA commercial kits at 450nm. Real concentrations were determined from standards curves of each biomarker provided by the manufacturer and the normal values of these parameters were determined statistically by means, SD, CV, minimum and maximum values, p<0, 05. The results pointed serum concentrations: ACE 8,93±2,17ng/ml, range 8,24–9,92ng/ml and CV=24,27%; ANP 312,15±100,18pg/ml, range 280,29-344,01pg/ml and CV=32,10%; hs-CRP 369,70±193,40ng/ml, range 308,21–431,10ng/ml and CV=52,31%. This information was not found in the literature using this methodology and its applicability in future researches represents a challenge due to the wide variability of biomarkers and biological heterogeneity of cardiovascular research.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"53 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122827656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Trypanosoma Evansi in Domestic Animals in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh in India","authors":"Sirigireddy Sivajothi, V. C. Rayulu, P. Kondaiah, D. Sreenivasulu, B. Reddy","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20151019125816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20151019125816","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of T. evansi in domestic animals in Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh during the year 2009-10. A total of 1166 blood and sera samples from cattle, buffaloes and sheep were collected and screened by Wet blood film examination and Indirect ELISA. Overall, 1.54 and 24.52 per cent animals were found positive for T. evansi by Wet blood film (WBF) examination and indirect ELISA, respectively. Out of 320 cattle and 382 buffaloes examined for T. evansi infection, 2.50 and 2.61 per cent and 31.87 and 36.12 per cent were found positive by WBF examination and indirect ELISA, respectively. Out of 464 sheep examined, 9.91 per cent were found positive for T. evansi infection by indirect ELISA and none was found positive by WBF examination.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Diversity of Wild Populations of Sarotherodon Melanotheron Rüppell, 1852 of Southern Benin -","authors":"T. O. Amoussou, A. Toguyéni, I. Toko, A. Chikou, M. Bossou, I. Y. A. Karim","doi":"10.5455/JASA.1969123104000010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.1969123104000010","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of morphological identity of a species in differently located waterways is very important in the use of its fishery resources in breeding programs. This work aims to analyse the morphological parameters of native populations of Sarotherodon melanotheron in relation with their waterway of origin, hydrobiological period and sex. Most of the sampled fishes has sizes ranged between 05 and 15 cm with 57.66%, 31.85%, 36.62% and 22.19% respectively in Grand-Popo lagoon, lake Nokoue, Oueme river and lake Toho. Outside of the body height, prepelvic length and anal-fin base length, all the other metric parameters varied significantly from a waterway to another (p0.05). Metric variables were more discriminative than meristic counts. Two populations are differentiated: the first constituted by individuals of Oueme river and lake Nokoue and the second represented by individuals of Grand-Popo lagoon and lake Toho. Molecular prospectings are necessary to clarify the diversity of this fish.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126065414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Birth Weight in the Lambs of Blackheads Pleven Breed","authors":"M. Simeonov, D. Harmon, K. Nedelkov","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20150326081131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20150326081131","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of different non-genetic factors on the birth weight of 2198 lambs from the blackhead Pleven sheep breed. The results showed that lamb weight at birth ranged from 4.23 to 4.58 kg. Lambs that are born singles have 9.6% higher birth weight compared with twins (P<0.01), and females have 3.7% lower birth weight than males (P<0.01). The body condition score of ewes at birth has a moderate negative correlation on the live weight of the lambs at birth (P<0.01). The body condition scores of the ewes at birth influences the weight of the lambs at birth. Ewes with body condition score under 3 birth heavier lambs, compared with ewes with body condition score over 3 (P<0.01). Ewes with live weight over 56 kg have lighter lambs, compared to the ewes with live weight under 56 kg (P<0.01). Non-genetic factors have a high influence on the weight of the lambs at birth with the exception of the duration of gestation. This confirms the interaction of non-genetic factors influencing the weight of the lambs at birth.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127509690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patho-Surveillance and Pathology of Fascioliosis (Fasciola gigantica) in Black Bengal Goats in Bangladesh -","authors":"K. Islam, M. Islam, S. Rauf, A. Khan, G. N. Adhikary, Mushfika Rahman","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20161227093441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20161227093441","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was conducted to investigate patho-surveillance and pathology of fascioliosis in Black Bengal goats in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Patho-surveillance and Pathology on fascioliasis of Black Bengal goats were undertaken in such localities under different climatic conditions existing in Sylhet region of five different Upazilla. Goats were divided into young and adult groups. Affected liver samples from slaughtered goats were collected randomly and examined by grossly and histopathological study for hematoxylin and eosin staining. A total of 2000 Black Bengal goat livers were examined, of which 202(10.10%) livers were found to be affected with fascioliosis. Prevalence of fascioliosis was significantly higher in young goats (15.58 %) than in adult (9.59%) and female goats (13.10%) were more susceptible than male goats (7.10%). Seasonal prevalence of fascioliosis was also studied. Highest prevalence (16.51 %) was recorded during rainy season and lowest prevalence (4.70%) was recorded during summer season. Grossly, affected livers were enlarged with rounded edges and thickened capsule. In acute cases, numerous haemorrhagic spots were found on the parietal & visceral surfaces of the affected liver. In chronic form, liver was cirrhotic and reduced in size. The affected intra-hepatic bile ducts were protruded and engorged with flukes. Microscopically, migratory tracts were represented by the presence of haemorrhage, edema and infiltration of numerous eosinophils mixed with few lymphocytes. Fatty change, atrophy and necrosis of hepatocytes were recorded along with deposition of bile pigment in hepatic parenchyma and damage of portal tract area. The wall of bile ducts was thickened due to fibrosis and lining epithelia were hyperplastic. Cross sections of adult and immature flukes were found within the lumen of the thickened bile ducts and hepatic parenchyma respectively. The study to provides valuable in insight towards better understanding of epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease in Black Bengal goats to adopt suitable control strategies against the disease and meat inspection at slaughter houses.","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122499028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digestion of Soybean Meal in Alpacas","authors":"T. F. Robinson, T. Wayment, R. Jensen, A. Hina","doi":"10.5455/JASA.1969123104000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.1969123104000011","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this experiment was to determine the degradation parameters of grass hay (GH) supplemented with soybean meal (SBM) and to determine the effects of SBM on compartment 1 (C1) ammonia (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in alpacas. Four C1 fistulated adult male alpacas (7±1.5 years old; 61±5 kg BW) were housed in metabolism crates and received water ad libitum during the treatment periods of this study. The GH and SBM treatments were fed at 0700 every day. Treatment periods were for 14 d in which GH or SBM treatments were randomly allocated to each alpaca. On d14 volatile fatty acids (VFA), pH and NH3-N were determined at 1, 3, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 hrs post feeding. C1 degradation of GH and SBM was determined with the alpacas being fed GH only and the samples incubated for 0, 2, 4, 8, 14, 24, 48 and 72 hrs. Dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation were determined and divided into three categories: a = immediately soluble; b = non-soluble but degradable; and u = non-degradable/unavailable, potential extent of degradation (PE), degradation rate (c) and effective degradation (ED; kp = 5.5%∙hr-1). Total DM intake was different between the two treatments, while CP intake was increased (72.5 to 191.0 g/d; P","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122541091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Substituting Maize Grain with Urea/Wood Ash-Treated Maize Cobs on Chemical Composition, in Sacco Degradability and in Vitro Gas Production Parameters","authors":"A. Abdulazeez, C. Tsopi̇to, O. Madibela, J. Kamau","doi":"10.5455/JASA.20160125115532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JASA.20160125115532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":372944,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science Advances","volume":"31 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120983188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}