{"title":"Isolated Sudden-Onset Trochlear Nerve Palsy Associated with Mild Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Infection.","authors":"Mehmet Serhat Mangan, Zeynep Acar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present a case of sudden isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy of new onset associated with a COVID-19 infection without a severe course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 49-year-old previously healthy man suddenly noticed seeing double while going down the stairs to go out for the first time the day after the completion of medical treatment and home isolation for COVID-19. There was no systemic disease or history of trauma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits was normal and the neurology examination revealed no pathology. The acute onset of the diplopia, the small vertical fusion amplitude, and the lack of facial asymmetry supported acquired trochlear nerve palsy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trochlear nerve palsy has rarely been reported in association with the various types of viral infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy with no additional neurological finding or any radiological finding that is possibly associated with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10611368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Antonio Jiménez-Romo, Andrea Rangel-Padilla, Juan Homar Páez-Garza
{"title":"Timely Surgery in Intermittent Exotropia.","authors":"Carlos Antonio Jiménez-Romo, Andrea Rangel-Padilla, Juan Homar Páez-Garza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia is indicated when periods of monocular deviation become longer or control over deviation deteriorates. However, there is no consensus on the ideal age to perform surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate ocular alignment and sensory results at 12 months of follow-up, in patients who received surgical treatment for intermittent exotropia at ≤4 years or >4 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, observational, analytical, and comparative cohort study was carried out, which included 97 patients treated surgically for X(T), divided into two groups, ≤4 years and >4 years. The motor and sensory results of the patients were evaluated on the first day, 1 month and 12 months of postoperative follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, no statistically significant differences were observed in ocular alignment and postoperative sensory results at 1 year of follow-up between both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age is not a variable that influences surgical results in patients with intermittent exotropia. Instead of early or delayed surgery, we propose to use the term \"timely surgery.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9181128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arash Mirmohammadsadeghi, Mohammad Reza Akbari, Sahel Soltani Shahgholi
{"title":"Concomitant Unilateral Duane Retraction Syndrome and Contralateral Brown's Syndrome.","authors":"Arash Mirmohammadsadeghi, Mohammad Reza Akbari, Sahel Soltani Shahgholi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10-year-old boy was introduced with a chief complaint of ocular misalignment from birth. Ocular examination indicated right Brown and left Duane retraction syndrome in a non-familial pattern. We suspect that a teratogenic damage or genetic mutation may be responsible for this combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10548327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reading Difficulty Due to Oculomotor Dysfunction following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report.","authors":"Pritam Dutta, Ayisha Atiya, Smita Vittal, Jameel Rizwana Hussaindeen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reading involves adequate coordination of the oculomotor system. As interlink consists of neuronal control, an insult to the brain might affect the signal processing and lead to oculomotor dysfunction that can affect reading performance. Appropriate training to enhance the oculomotor coordination is effective in such scenarios. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the role of neuro-optometric vision therapy as a management option in oculomotor-based reading difficulty.</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10557726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Acquired Diplopia in Adults","authors":"Alex Christoff","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2124095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2124095","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose To describe the common causes of symptomatic strabismus and treatment required to resolve diplopia in adult patients seen by one orthoptist. Patients and Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of consecutive adult patients 18 years or older seen by one orthoptist over a 3-year period with a chief complaint of double vision. Results Two hundred twenty-four consecutive adult patients were examined by the author. Chief complaint was double vision, followed by blurred vision, monocular diplopia, and eye strain. Past ocular histories were significant for early-childhood strabismus in 23 patients. Amblyopia was identified in five patients. Hypertension was a medical risk factor most associated with symptomatic strabismus. Cranial nerve paresis was the most common cause of the strabismus followed by benign, age-related divergence insufficiency esotropia. Prism was the most common treatment in 53% of patients followed by Bangerter foil occlusion in 44 patients (20%). Strabismus surgery was recommended in 11 patients (5%). Manifest refraction was successful in resolving symptoms of binocular diplopia in nine heterophoric patients (5%). Opaque pirate style occlusion was not used for any patient in this series. Conclusions Symptomatic acquired esotropia was a common type of strabismus encountered by the author and trochlear nerve paresis a common cause of symptomatic strabismus in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Press-On™ or ground-in spectacle prism of 12 prism diopters or less resolved diplopia in 124 patients (55%).","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"243 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48614040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph W. Fong, Laurie Hahn-Parrott, R. Siatkowski
{"title":"Evaluation and Management of Symptomatic Vertical Strabismus and Diplopia","authors":"Joseph W. Fong, Laurie Hahn-Parrott, R. Siatkowski","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2094177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2094177","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The evaluation and management of vertical strabismus is more challenging and nuanced than that of horizontal strabismus. Vertical strabismus often results from a variety of restrictive or paretic causes, which can be further characterized as either acquired or congenital. In some cases, identifying the correct etiology of the strabismus can mean uncovering a potentially life-threatening condition, such as a brain tumor or stroke. The keys to identifying the correct diagnosis are, first and foremost, a careful history, and secondly, a detailed examination. The characteristics, etiologies, and evaluation of vertical strabismus will be reviewed here.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"226 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46083071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acquired Diplopia in Adults: Heavy Eye Syndrome","authors":"S. Pineles","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2037400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2037400","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Heavy eye syndrome is a condition that results in an acquired, progressive strabismus that is due to extreme myopia and long axial length. The underlying pathogenesis of the condition is due to prolapse of the supero-temporal aspect of the myopic globe causing displacement of the lateral and superior rectus muscles inferiorly and nasally, respectively. Treatments for heavy eye syndrome often target this anatomical defect and seek to re-place the globe within the extraocular muscle cone. This review will discuss current theories of pathogenesis and treatment of heavy eye syndrome.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"223 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48300679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation and Management of Divergence Insufficiency-Type Esotropia","authors":"J. Holmes","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2095192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2095192","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Divergence insufficiency-type ET is a common cause of distance diplopia in elderly adults. A recent prospective multicenter data collection study has provided additional guidance on management. Either base-out prism glasses or strabismus surgery were found to have high success rates, based on patient report of diplopia, and health-related quality-of-life domain scores. It was concluded that either prism or surgery were reasonable initial treatment strategies. Although allocation bias precluded formal comparison of prism versus surgery (evident in baseline differences between groups), there were hints that surgery may yield superior outcomes. For surgery, the most common approach was bilateral medial rectus recession, which was highly successful when assessed 10 weeks and 12 months postoperatively. It was unclear whether adjustable sutures were helpful, but in the vast majority of adjustable cases, additional recession at the time of adjustment was performed, suggesting that larger than standard surgical doses are needed.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"230 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47168992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation and Management of Convergence Insufficiency in Adults","authors":"L. Rovick","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A search was performed of the literature published in peer-reviewed journals from disciplines related to eye care and rehabilitation between 2000 and 2022. The purpose was to discover new thinking on the topic of the evaluation and management of convergence insufficiency in adults. Ninety-one papers were reviewed and summarized. The etiology, identification, evaluation, and management of convergence insufficiency in this population, as reported in the literature, is presented in this paper. Many publications addressing rehabilitation after traumatic head injury addressed the management of convergence insufficiency. There was consensus in the importance of complete patient examination, to include a complete sensorimotor examination and careful refraction, prior to initiating any therapy. A chronic issue continues in the paucity of large, placebo-controlled studies to provide clear best practice for providers. Additionally, healthcare professionals from eye care and other professions are working with patients who have convergence insufficiency without significant interprofessional collaboration.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"234 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46193998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chavisa Bunyavee, Steven M Archer, Chris Y Wu, Monte A Del Monte
{"title":"Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Surgical Approaches for the Treatment of Age-Related Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia.","authors":"Chavisa Bunyavee, Steven M Archer, Chris Y Wu, Monte A Del Monte","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Age-related divergence insufficiency-esotropia (ARDIE) is characterized by greater esodeviation at distance than near. This study aims to compare the outcomes of unilateral and bilateral surgical approaches.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Sixty-two cases treated at the Kellogg Eye Center, the University of Michigan, from 1995 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. One surgeon used unilateral procedures including unilateral medial rectus recession (n = 24, group 1) or unilateral recession-resection (n = 18, group 2) with an adjustable suture. Another surgeon used bilateral medial rectus recession with fixed sutures (n = 20, group 3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For patients with distance esodeviation <15∆, postoperative distance deviations in both group 1 and group 3 were not statistically different (p = .352). For patients with esodeviations 15-20∆, postoperative distance deviations in all 3 groups were also not statistically different (p = .142). Similarly, patients with deviations >20∆ did not show significantly different postoperative distance alignment (p = .082) between group 2 and 3. Overall, group 2 had the highest overall success rate (90%) (mean at distance = 1.17∆ exodeviation, at near = 2.33∆ exodeviation).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both unilateral medial rectus recession ± lateral rectus resection and bilateral medial rectus recession surgical approaches produced similar favorable outcomes in ARDIE.</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 4","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33446357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}