Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility最新文献

{"title":"Localizing Rectus Muscle Insertions","authors":"Savleen Kaur, J. Sukhija","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114309","url":null,"abstract":"To the editor, We congratulate Mirmohammadsadeghi et al. for their study on the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and the Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (ASOCT) in a cohort of patients undergoing strabismus surgery. However, this is not the first study comparing the UBM and ASOCT in locating muscle insertions. We have recently reported the feasibility and accuracy of determining the extraocular muscle insertion distance from the limbus in previously operated extraocular muscles with the swept-source ASOCT and compared with wide-field UBM. The technique and expertise when using both the instruments must be stressed. In the present study, two operators were doing the two measurements; hence, additional masked interpreters of both images could have strengthened the study. Intraclass correlations could be obtained to make sure one operator was not better than the other or the ease of identifying the muscle insertion could be compared with the same operator doing both measurements. Eye position and degree of head rotation might influence the measurements, and maximum rotation might provide the best delineation. Hence, the degree of rotation can also be standardized. The authors have not mentioned what gel they used as a coupling medium. The clear scan (Clear Scan (ClearScan® Ultrasound Cover CS200, ESI Inc, USA)) or any other sterile disposable cover, is the most comfortable to use without the cup and can image increasing distances, in our experience (No financial interest). The intraoperative caliper measures precisely up to 1 mm, so an estimation of 0.5 mm on the caliper, can be a limitation. The farthest distance measured by the machines is 8.5 and 9.3 mm. We would like to know whether this measurement was of primary or re-operated muscles as the measures are much less than that reported in the literature. The authors mention that five measures on ASOCT were within 1–1.5 mm. This number is very high, so what do the authors speculate about the reason for this variability? Could the authors tell us which muscle (MR/LR) is being referred to when comparing measurements between esotropia and exotropia. We presume the figure shown by the author was that of primary surgery; and we would like to know how did the operators find the delineation of insertions in reoperations? It is important to note that the utility of these instruments is diminutive in cases of primary strabismus surgeries. Hence, more qualitative and quantitative information is required about the measurements in reoperations. The three cases of reoperations reported by the authors do add to the limited literature in this area. We achieved an accuracy of 69% of imaging insertions within 1 mm vs. 38% by the UBM in cases of reoperations. We need more studies in a more significant number of reoperations to expand the utility of the ASOCT. The current evidence indicates that the ASOCT identifies the muscle insertion distance more accurately than UBM, more so in reoperations be","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"197 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48040020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Sudden-Onset Trochlear Nerve Palsy Associated with Mild Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Infection","authors":"M. S. Mangan, Z. Acar","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2114343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose To present a case of sudden isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy of new onset associated with a COVID-19 infection without a severe course. Methods A 49-year-old previously healthy man suddenly noticed seeing double while going down the stairs to go out for the first time the day after the completion of medical treatment and home isolation for COVID-19. There was no systemic disease or history of trauma. Results Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits was normal and the neurology examination revealed no pathology. The acute onset of the diplopia, the small vertical fusion amplitude, and the lack of facial asymmetry supported acquired trochlear nerve palsy. Conclusions Trochlear nerve palsy has rarely been reported in association with the various types of viral infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated unilateral trochlear nerve palsy with no additional neurological finding or any radiological finding that is possibly associated with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"11 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45762087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Surgical Approaches for the Treatment of Age-Related Divergence Insufficiency Esotropia","authors":"Chavisa Bunyavee, S. Archer, Chris Y. Wu, M. D. Del Monte","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2111947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2111947","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose Age-related divergence insufficiency-esotropia (ARDIE) is characterized by greater esodeviation at distance than near. This study aims to compare the outcomes of unilateral and bilateral surgical approaches. Patients and Methods Sixty-two cases treated at the Kellogg Eye Center, the University of Michigan, from 1995 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. One surgeon used unilateral procedures including unilateral medial rectus recession (n = 24, group 1) or unilateral recession-resection (n = 18, group 2) with an adjustable suture. Another surgeon used bilateral medial rectus recession with fixed sutures (n = 20, group 3). Results For patients with distance esodeviation <15∆, postoperative distance deviations in both group 1 and group 3 were not statistically different (p = .352). For patients with esodeviations 15–20∆, postoperative distance deviations in all 3 groups were also not statistically different (p = .142). Similarly, patients with deviations >20∆ did not show significantly different postoperative distance alignment (p = .082) between group 2 and 3. Overall, group 2 had the highest overall success rate (90%) (mean at distance = 1.17∆ exodeviation, at near = 2.33∆ exodeviation). Conclusion Both unilateral medial rectus recession ± lateral rectus resection and bilateral medial rectus recession surgical approaches produced similar favorable outcomes in ARDIE.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"205 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49064775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the White Disk Test to Predict Fusional Potential","authors":"Charlotte Tibi, C. Mckeown, H. Capó","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2106751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2106751","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Introduction Fusional potential in patients experiencing binocular torsional diplopia may be challenging for the clinician to assess, particularly when accompanied by vertical and horizontal diplopia. Objective To demonstrate a clinical test that may help predict if binocular fusion can be achieved once cyclotorsion is alleviated Design Video recording demonstrating how to perform the white disk test and retrospective chart review of patients tested with the white disk test. Results Twelve patients with binocular torsional diplopia were included. All subjects had excyclotorsion, 11 (91.7%) had combined vertical and horizontal strabismus and 1 patient (8.3%) had vertical strabismus. Eleven patients (91.7%) were able to achieve single binocular vision with the white disk test and 1 patient (8.3%) demonstrated brittle fusion. The white disk test successfully predicted postoperative fusion in 10 of 11 patients (90.9%). Eight patients (66.7%) demonstrated improved stereopsis after surgery. Conclusion The white disk test was found to be very useful in predicting fusional potential in patients that experience binocular torsional diplopia.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"219 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44115189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Refractive Amblyopia on the Frisby Stereotest","authors":"Kaajal D. Nanda, K. Nischal","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2106745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2106745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose To identify the expected degree of stereoacuity measured by the Frisby Stereotest, in various degrees of unilateral refractive amblyopia. Methods A prospective investigation of 22 patients, with a clinical diagnosis of unilateral refractive amblyopia. All patients were aged 4–12 years and seen between February and November 2021. All patients were recruited to the study at their first return visit with new glasses as prescribed by our physicians, following a cycloplegic refraction. All patients had a full orthoptic examination including the near Frisby Stereotest, visual acuity assessment, an induced tropia test (ITT) using a 20 base-in prism. A fixation preference qualified as amblyopia for the purpose of this study. All tests performed are part of our routine examination. Results Regression analysis was performed on the data to identify a correlation between variables. We compared the Frisby scores with the maximum visual acuity difference between the eyes, the amblyopic visual acuity, the non-amblyopic visual acuity, and the spherical equivalent of the patients’ refractions. Analysis revealed a strong relationship between both the visual acuity difference and the Frisby score (r = 0.64, R 2 = 0.41), and the amblyopic visual acuity and Frisby score (r = 0.73, R 2 = 0.53). There was no relationship between the anisometropia based on spherical equivalent refractions (r = 0.03, R 2 = 0.0007). Conclusions Given the moderate-to-strong correlation noted between visual acuity and stereoacuity, we suggest that the Frisby Stereotest can be utilized to imply possible refractive amblyopia and allow earlier intervention which may lead to more successful outcomes.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"7 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49443841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concomitant Unilateral Duane Retraction Syndrome and Contralateral Brown’s Syndrome","authors":"Arash Mirmohammadsadeghi, M. Akbari, Sahel Soltani Shahgholi","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2104580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2104580","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A 10-year-old boy was introduced with a chief complaint of ocular misalignment from birth. Ocular examination indicated right Brown and left Duane retraction syndrome in a non-familial pattern. We suspect that a teratogenic damage or genetic mutation may be responsible for this combination.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"4 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48255207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Subluxation of Microspherophakic Lens in a Child with Cohen Syndrome","authors":"Elizabeth A. Chu, Alexandria Cummings, Nicholas A. Sala","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2104579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2104579","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cohen Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by facial abnormalities with or without microcephaly, non-progressive intellectual delay, hypotonia, ophthalmic abnormalities, and neutropenia. Due to its low incidence and variable presentation, much about the disorder, including ophthalmic manifestations, is not fully understood. Here, we present the first documented case of a 5-year-old Amish child with Cohen Syndrome who presented with bilateral subluxation of microspherophakic lenses – rare findings themselves, let alone coexisting in a patient with a rare genetic syndrome. The child underwent bilateral lensectomy and is being managed with aphakic spectacles.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"73 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41944574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy with Unilateral Oculomotor and Trochlear Nerve Palsy in an 8-year-old Girl","authors":"J. Akhondian, F. Ashrafzadeh, Farrokh Seilanian Toosi, Mahla Esmaeilzadeh, Mehran Beiraghi Toosi, Shima Imannezhad, Nazanin Saeedi Zand, Narges Hashemi","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2082219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2082219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON) is a rare disorder with a unilateral headache accompanied by ipsilateral episodes of painful ocular cranial nerve neuropathy, which typically occurs in childhood. Case report We report an 8-year-old female with four episodes of RPON involving unilateral third and fourth cranial nerves. Right eye exotropia and complete ptosis were detected on examination. Brain MRI images revealed right third nerve enhancement where it exits from the brainstem. She completely recovered after 5 weeks with the administration of prednisolone and indomethacin. Discussion and conclusion Due to the rarity of this condition in children, recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy should be considered as a differential diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral painful ophthalmoplegia, particularly with a history of migrainous headache. Since it is a treatable entity, and repeated attacks may lead to permanent sequela, early intervention is crucial.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"199 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44134370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forty-five Years of Studying Intermittent Exotropia — What Have I Learned? The WSPOS Keynote Strabismus Lecture, October 3, 2020","authors":"B. Kushner","doi":"10.1080/2576117X.2022.2094176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2022.2094176","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There are three keys to understanding how the new way of classifying and treating intermittent exotropia (IXT) differs from Burian’s classic classification. First, the assumption that lateral rectus surgery selectively affects the distance deviation, recess/resect procedures affect the distance and near equally, and that medial rectus surgery selectively affects the near deviation, are false assumptions. Second, AC/A ratios in IXT can be calculated in all the usual manners, provided that any near measurement used in the calculation be made after prolonged monocular occlusion to eliminate the contaminating effect of the Scobee phenomenon. Third, the use of +3 diopter (D) lenses at near and prolonged monocular occlusion are not interchangeable and work on different mechanisms, the former on accommodative convergence and the latter on fusional convergence. All patients with IXT should have a measurement taken after prolonged monocular occlusion, as well as while fixating on a far distant outdoor target prior to surgery, which should target the largest angle measured.","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":"72 1","pages":"131 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48304168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From monocular photograph to angle lambda: A new clinical approach for quantitative assessment.","authors":"Maxence Rateaux,&nbsp;Dominique Bremond-Gignac,&nbsp;Matthieu P Robert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angle lambda assessment is essential in pediatric and strabismus practice. An abnormal angle lambda will modify the visual appearance of a strabismus or mimic one. Currently, angle lambda can be assessed by corneal topographs. Unfortunately, the use of these devices remains limited in the context of a strabismus clinic. Herein, we propose an easy, low cost, and reproducible method for angle lambda quantification, based on monocular photographs. Monocular pictures were taken by using a camera with a ring flash, centered by a fixation point. A digital evaluation analyzed the position of the corneal reflex on the pupil diameter. Using a trigonometric formula, the resulting ratio was converted into the value of angle lambda. This method was tested on 20 healthy eyes, on two successive couples of pictures, to evaluate its repeatability. Assessment using Pentacam was performed for comparison. The mean value of angle lambda was +2.61° ± 2.92° and 2.63° ± 2.85° in both picture series, respectively, and Lin's repeatability coefficient was 0.99 - with a systematic deviation of -0.071° compared to Pentacam assessment. Angle lambda distribution was in range with values from the literature. This new method allows for angle lambda assessment without requiring a specific device and can be used in strabismus and pediatric clinics.</p>","PeriodicalId":37288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility","volume":" ","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40194588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}