{"title":"Macrophage activation syndrome triggered by methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disease in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Hirotoshi Kato, Masafumi Suzuki, Kazuo Misumi, Hitoshi Kohsaka","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2212808","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2212808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 56-year-old woman was treated for rheumatoid arthritis for 17 years with methotrexate (MTX). Night sweats, fever and weight loss made her visit our hospital. Although levofloxacin failed to resolve her fever, she was suspected of having sepsis because of pancytopenia, elevated procalcitonin and a nodular lesion in the lung. After urgent hospitalization, she was diagnosed finally with the methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) associated with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Her general condition was improved with MTX withdrawal and 5-day high-dose glucocorticoid administration. Thus, even when the patient was critically ill with MAS, no cytotoxic agents were required to control MTX-LPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"191-195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9479142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of grapes and their products on immune system: a review.","authors":"Fatemeh Izadfar, Saba Belyani, Masomeh Pormohammadi, Simin Alizadeh, Mehrara Hashempor, Elaheh Emadi, Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi, Mohammad Reza Jalilvand, Shima Abdollahi, Omid Toupchian","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2207896","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2207896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune system plays a significant role in preventing and controlling diseases. Some studies reported the beneficial effects of grapes and their products on immunity. However, their results are controversial. This review aimed to discuss the effects of grapes and their products on immune system and their mechanisms of action. Although various in-vio and in-vitro studies and some human studies suggested that grapes and their products may help to improve the immune system's function, clinical trials in this area are limited and inconsistent.In conclusions, although, consumption of grapes and their products may help to having a healthy immune syste, further studies particularly human studies are required to clarify the precise effects of them and their mechanisms regarding immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"158-162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9438069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical practice guideline for activated phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase-delta syndrome in Japan.","authors":"Kunihiko Moriya, Kanako Mitsui-Sekinaka, Yujin Sekinaka, Akifumi Endo, Hirokazu Kanegane, Tomohiro Morio, Kohsuke Imai, Shigeaki Nonoyama","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2210366","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2210366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activated phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase-delta syndrome (APDS) due to gain-of-function variant in the class IA PI3K catalytic subunit p110δ (responsible gene: PIK3CD) was described in 2013. The disease is characterized by recurrent airway infections and bronchiectasis. It is associated with hyper-IgM syndrome due to the defect of immunoglobulin class switch recombination and decreased CD27-positive memory B cells. Patients also suffered from immune dysregulations, such as lymphadenopathy, autoimmune cytopenia or enteropathy. T-cell dysfunction due to increased senescence is associated with a decrease in CD4-positive T lymphocytes and CD45RA-positive naive T lymphocytes, along with increased susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus/cytomegalovirus infections. In 2014, loss-of-function (LOF) mutation of p85α (responsible gene: PIK3R1), a regulatory subunit of p110δ, was identified as a causative gene, followed in 2016 by the identification of the LOF mutation of PTEN, which dephosphorylates PIP3, leading to the differentiation of APDS1 (PIK3CD-GOF), APDS2 (PIK3R1-LOF) and APDS-L (PTEN-LOF). Since the pathophysiology of patients with APDS varies with a wide range of severity, it is crucial that patients receive appropriate treatment and management. Our research group created a disease outline and a diagnostic flow chart and summarized clinical information such as the severity classification of APDS and treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9447104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An <i>in silico</i> approach for prediction of B cell and T cell epitope candidates against Chikungunya virus.","authors":"Amrit Venkatesan, Usha Chouhan, Sunil Kumar Suryawanshi, Jyoti Kant Choudhari","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2202038","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2202038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several outbreaks of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) had been reported since 1952 when mankind had his first encounter against the virus in Tanzania. Although these reports designate the CHIKV to be rarely fatal, cases of outbreaks in the last decade accompanied by severe complications and death poses a challenge to the development of effective treatment methods. Several attempts to vaccine development against CHIKV still remains unsuccessful. In this study, we aimed at the prediction of B-cell and T cell epitopes against CHIKV by using immunoinformatics. This, in turn, can contribute to development of an epitope based vaccine against CHIKV. Both linear and discontinuous B-cell epitopes, as well as Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes, were predicted for the CHIKV Envelope (E1 and E2) glycoproteins and (NS2). The antigenic CTL epitopes with highest binding affinities with type-1 MHC were selected and the peptides were docked to them. Docking followed by molecular dynamics simulations were performed to assess the stability of the docked complexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9378647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Involvement of the complement system in immune thrombocytopenia: review of the literature.","authors":"Risa Shindo, Ryohei Abe, Kenji Oku, Tomoki Tanaka, Yu Matsueda, Tatsuhiko Wada, Yoshiyuki Arinuma, Sumiaki Tanaka, Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue, Yoshitaka Miyakawa, Kunihiro Yamaoka","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2213976","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2213976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a thrombocytopenic condition induced by autoimmune mechanisms and includes secondary ITP with underlying diseases such as connective tissue diseases (CTD). In recent years, it has been elucidated that the subsets of the ITP are associated with complement abnormalities but much remains unclear. To perform a literature review and identify the characteristics of complement abnormalities in ITP. PUBMED was used to collect the literature published up to June 2022 related to ITP and complement abnormalities. Primary and secondary ITP (CTD-related) were examined. Out of the collected articles, 17 were extracted. Eight articles were related to primary ITP (pITP) and 9 to CTD-related ITP. Analysis of the literature revealed that the ITP severity was inversely correlated with serum C3, C4 levels in both ITP subgroups. In pITP, a wide range of complement abnormalities was reported, including abnormalities of initial proteins, complement regulatory proteins, or the end products. In CTD-related ITP, reported complement abnormalities were limited to the initial proteins. Activation of the early complement system, mainly through activation of C3 and its precursor protein C4, was reported for both ITPs. On the other hand, more extensive complement activation has been reported in pITP.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"182-190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9524030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunological MedicinePub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2023.2202050
Faegheh Ebrahimi Chaharom, Ali Asghar Ebrahimi, Faroogh Feghhi Koochebagh, Zohreh Babalou, Morteza Ghojazadeh, Leili Aghebati Maleki, Nader D Nader
{"title":"Association of IL-17 serum levels with clinical findings and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index.","authors":"Faegheh Ebrahimi Chaharom, Ali Asghar Ebrahimi, Faroogh Feghhi Koochebagh, Zohreh Babalou, Morteza Ghojazadeh, Leili Aghebati Maleki, Nader D Nader","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2202050","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2202050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aims to investigate the relationship betweSen serum IL-17 (IL-17) levels and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLE-DAEI) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. In this case-control study, 36 patients with SLE and 40 healthy individuals matched for age and sex were included as the control group. The study measured serum IL-17 in both groups. The correlation between serum IL-17 with disease activity (as per SLE-DAI) and organ involvement in SLE patients. The case group in this study consisted of 4 males and 32 females with a mean age of 35 (17-54) years old, and the control group included six males and 34 females with a mean age of 37 (25-53) years old (<i>p</i> = .35). Serum IL-17 was higher in the cases than in the controls (536 pg/mL vs. 110 pg/mL; <i>p</i> < .001). There was a positive correlation between the serum levels of IL-17 and disease activity index (<i>p</i> < .001, rho = 0.93) among cases. Additionally, the serum levels of IL-17 were higher in patients with renal (<i>p</i> = .003) or central nervous system involvement (<i>p</i> < .001) than in patients without such involvement. Serum Il-17 is associated with SLE, and its serum levels correlate positively with the disease activity and renal and nervous system involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9737384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JAK inhibitors ∼ overview∼.","authors":"Hideto Kameda","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2183594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785826.2023.2183594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among various tyrosine kinases, a family of Janus kinases (JAK) has been elucidated as key players in signal transduction from vital cytokine receptors, such as interleukins and interferons. Indeed, recent rapid progress in JAK inhibitors in addition to biological agents provided therapeutic options for various diseases, including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and hematological disorders. Efforts have culminated in the approval of nine JAK inhibitors in Japan in the recent decade. The safety profiles of JAK inhibitors seem to largely depend on patient populations and drug dosing, rather than on JAK selectivity. Thus, the comparison of various disease indications is pivotal for the understanding and proper use of JAK inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":"46 3","pages":"108-111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the role of Janus kinase (JAK) in atopic dermatitis: a review of molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Toshiaki Kogame, Gyohei Egawa, Kenji Kabashima","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2214324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25785826.2023.2214324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have demonstrated that Janus kinase (JAK) plays a crucial role in signal transduction by directly affecting various cytokine receptors involved in inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Large-scale clinical trials on AD utilizing JAK inhibitors and biologic reagents, such as dupilumab, which targets the IL-4Rα receptor subunit of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, have yielded highly favorable results in comparison to traditional therapies. This indicates that therapeutic strategies based on molecular biology are efficacious in clinical settings. However, in September 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicated that tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, may carry various risks, including severe heart disease. Similar concerns have been raised for other JAK inhibitors, and further safety evaluations are underway. Thus, human biology involving JAKs appeared more complicated than we expected. In this article, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms of AD and examine the molecular targeting drugs for AD from the perspective of JAK-related biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":"46 3","pages":"112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9919927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunological MedicinePub Date : 2023-09-01Epub Date: 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2023.2195522
Hiroshi Nakase
{"title":"Understanding the efficacy of individual Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of ulcerative colitis for future positioning in inflammatory bowel disease treatment.","authors":"Hiroshi Nakase","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2195522","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2023.2195522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have gradually elucidated the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease; thus, the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway are strongly involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease. Generally, Janus kinase inhibitors are being used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other immunological diseases, with the therapeutic promising effects. Currently, in Japan, three Janus kinase inhibitors, namely tofacitinib, filgotinib, and upadacitinib, are available for the treatment of patients with active ulcerative colitis. Therefore, evaluating the efficacy and safety of each JAK inhibitor is essential for determining the role of JAK inhibitors in future therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p>","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":"46 3","pages":"121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9891338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immunological MedicinePub Date : 2023-09-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2022.2139317
Keita Kirito
{"title":"Recent progress of JAK inhibitors for hematological disorders.","authors":"Keita Kirito","doi":"10.1080/25785826.2022.2139317","DOIUrl":"10.1080/25785826.2022.2139317","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract JAK inhibitors are important therapeutic options for hematological disorders, especially myeloproliferative neoplasms. Ruxolitinib, the first JAK inhibitor approved for clinical use, improves splenomegaly and ameliorates constitutional symptoms in both myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera patients. Ruxolitinib is also useful for controlling hematocrit levels in polycythemia vera patients who were inadequately controlled by conventional therapies. Furthermore, pretransplantation use of ruxolitinib may improve the outcome of allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis. In contrast to these clinical merits, evidence of the disease-modifying action of ruxolitinib, i.e., reduction of malignant clones or improvement of bone marrow pathological findings, is limited, and many myelofibrosis patients discontinued ruxolitinib due to adverse events or disease progression. To overcome these limitations of ruxolitinib, several new types of JAK inhibitors have been developed. Among them, fedratinib was proven to provide clinical merits even in patients who were resistant or intolerant to ruxolitinib. Pacritinib and momelotinib have shown merits for myelofibrosis patients with thrombocytopenia or anemia, respectively. In addition to treatment for myeloproliferative neoplasms, recent studies have demonstrated that JAK inhibitors are novel and attractive therapeutic options for corticosteroid-refractory acute as well as chronic graft versus host disease.","PeriodicalId":37286,"journal":{"name":"Immunological Medicine","volume":"46 3","pages":"131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9953916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}