Journal of Space Safety Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Professional technical training: Educating the professional community on space safety best practices","authors":"Paul Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS) offers a myriad of courses to educate the space community on safety engineering concepts and accepted best practices. Space safety concepts and methodologies are critical for the safety of occupants and the uninvolved public, alike, yet are not standard contents in academic programs for space science. The IAASS considers the education of the workforce among its core goals and fulfills that mission through the IAASS training academy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Re-entry survivability analysis tool to mars planetary protection","authors":"Kenichi Sato ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Takashi Ozawa ,&nbsp;Toru Yoshihara ,&nbsp;Kazuko Hagiwara ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>JAXA develops the Object <em>Re</em>-entry Survival Analysis Tool - Japan (ORSAT-J), which is a tool to assess the survivability and risk to the ground of objects re-entering from low Earth orbit. This tool is derived from NASA's ORSAT ver. 4.</div><div>ORSAT-J can calculate the temperature of an entering object during its entry into a celestial body with respect to the elapsed time. Therefore, in terms of planetary protection, it could be used to evaluate whether aerodynamic heating during celestial entry is sufficient for sterilization in the event of an Earth-derived spacecraft entering into a celestial body due to an accidental event. JAXA plans some Martian biosphere exploration missions such as the MMX mission, and is aiming to build a tool that can easily analyse the aerodynamic heating during Mars entry.</div><div>In this paper, we collected and evaluated the information such as celestial geometry, gravity model, atmospheric model, radiative heating, etc. necessary to perform a Mars entry heating analysis with ORSAT-J. These were applied to the code and compared with the measured data of Schiaparelli of the ExoMars Program. The novelty of this paper is that it introduces a comprehensive analysis method for Mars entry, including trajectory and heating simulations, into a simplified survivability analysis tool for the on-ground risk of re-entry into Earth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 206-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NASA's Human Research Program: Evolving collaborations to enable the future of human spaceflight","authors":"Jancy McPhee ,&nbsp;David Baumann","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since its formation in 2007, the NASA Human Research Program's (HRP) mission has been to protect the health and performance of astronauts as they explore beyond low Earth orbit. The HRP helps enable exploration spaceflight through a focused program of research that leads to the development and delivery of solutions to protect human health and performance during and after these missions. This research is conducted primarily in ground analogs of the spaceflight environment and on the International Space Station (ISS). Over the last 3 years, NASA has undergone transformative changes with the flight of Artemis I, the formation of the Commercial Low Earth Orbit Destinations Program, commercial flights to the ISS, and collaboration with new international partners participating in human spaceflight. The HRP has embraced these new opportunities and is collaborating on all these fronts to collect biomedical research data. Artemis I marked the arrival of NASA's new human spaceflight exploration missions. NASA established the Moon to Mars Program Office to design a roadmap for the exploration of the lunar surface and the journey beyond to Mars. The HRP has a critical role in conducting research and delivering technologies that will lead to solutions that protect human health and performance, and is working closely with the Moon to Mars Office to ensure these deliverables are ready in time to support their strategy. The HRP is also developing the partnership strategies required to support these deliverables. Commercial space flights, both free flyer and suborbital missions and private astronaut missions to the ISS, are providing broader opportunities and more subjects to characterize spaceflight-induced changes to the human system and to test countermeasures. To better use these opportunities to achieve its mission, the HRP has been working to understand the commercial spaceflight companies’ needs and then partnering with them on aspects of mutual interest. In addition, the HRP continues to engage in long-standing relationships with its international partners through the International Space Life Sciences Working Group and other joint international groups. The HRP is interested in sharing its knowledge and collaborating on projects of mutual interest with new countries that are developing capabilities for human spaceflight. The next 10 years will shape how humanity partners on exploration missions to Mars, and the HRP is committed to enabling and developing collaborative strategies with commercial and international partners to keep humans safe and productive as they explore longer and further into space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomous flight termination system: A proposal for an international regulatory frame and set of requirements","authors":"F. Pasciuti,&nbsp;G. Acampa,&nbsp;M. Cinque,&nbsp;W. Dai,&nbsp;G.T. Kuthukallumkal,&nbsp;A. Scolaro,&nbsp;R. Armellini","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current trends in the Space Industry show that launcher providers are moving towards the automatization of Flight Termination Systems (AFTS). Nevertheless, nowadays a problem arises when trying to conceive an AFTS which can be compliant with all the relevant international safety regulations.</div><div>A previous study [<span><span>12</span></span>], starting from differences existing among those legislations that more explicitly refer to Flight Termination Systems, has identified and highlighted the key needs and concepts an AFTS should fulfill.</div><div>Therefore, starting from the proposed regulatory guideline, a further step is moved hereinafter for building up a set of generic (not mission dependent) requirements matching with the above-mentioned needs and concepts.</div><div>The resulting requirements here proposed are meant to be set as a starting point for the agreement, among industries and safety authorities, on a common specification for developing an AFTS suitable to all launch sites, with greater range of mission trajectories and cadences allowed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionospheric GPS-VTEC forecasting using hybrid deep learning model (LSTM-CNN)","authors":"Kenneth Iluore ,&nbsp;Jianyong Lu ,&nbsp;Kesyton Oyamenda Ozegin","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predictions of the ionosphere are essential for detecting anomalies in space weather conditions. Deep learning technologies applied to ionospheric forecasting have emerged as an exciting field of focus for researchers. This paper presents the forecasting of GPS-VTEC using multilayer perceptron (MLP) and the deep learning model: long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and a hybrid model composed of LSTM and a convolutional neural network (CNN). The MLP and the deep learning model are constructed with the GPS-vertical total electron content (GPS-VTEC) time series data estimated over a mid-latitude HUGE Station (<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>47.834</mn></mrow><mi>o</mi></msup><mspace></mspace><mi>N</mi><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mn>7.596</mn></mrow><mi>o</mi></msup><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>) located in Germany. Factors that influence the variations of GPS-VTEC are identified and used as the input parameters for the deep learning model. The factors are seasonal variation, diurnal variation, magnetic activity, and solar activity. The training is carried out using the data obtained from the years 2010–2014, while the prediction performance of the model is evaluated using the data from the year 2015 (high solar activity). The hybrid LSTM-CNN model performs better than the MLP and the other deep learning model, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.046 total electron content unit (TECU) and a correlation coefficient (<em>R</em>) of 0.896 and is able to capture the diurnal variations of the GPS-VTEC. In addition, the prediction performance of the MLP and the deep learning model is compared with that of IRI-Plas 2017 and NeQuick-2 in capturing the seasonal variation of GPS-VTEC, and it is observed that the IRI-Plas 2017 model provides more accurate predictions than the MLP, the deep learning model, and the NeQuick-2 model during March 2015. However, on average, the deep learning model, the MLP, and the NeQuick-2 model capture the seasonal variations more accurately than the IRI-Plas 2017 at this GPS station.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LiDAR-Based navigation strategies for a non-cooperative target considering rendezvous trajectory","authors":"Taisei Nishishita,&nbsp;Yu Nakajima,&nbsp;Takahiro Sasaki,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Okamoto,&nbsp;Ryo Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grave danger posed by space debris is attracting increasing attention, and many countries are actively researching active debris removal (ADR). One of the most important challenges to an ADR mission is the need for a highly accurate, robust navigation technology for docking with non-cooperative targets. This paper proposes a LiDAR-based navigation system, in particular a point cloud processing architecture that is robust against point cloud outliers that may occur in real environments. This study selected the upper stage of an H2A rocket as an example for ADR target. The proposed method addresses technical issues specific to ADR missions, such as point cloud loss at the target’s mirror surface and LiDAR’s Field of View (FOV) limitations. The results of dynamic and static measurement testing using actual hardware showed that the proposed method is capable of stable estimation in close proximity operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 217-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Master of Science in Astronautical Engineering degree at the University of Southern California for the space industry","authors":"Mike Gruntman","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Department of Astronautical Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC) focuses on space engineering education. It is a unique space-engineering program in the United States where such studies usually constitute parts of aerospace departments. In addition to full-time on-campus students, its flagship Master of Science in Astronautical Engineering degree program reaches working professionals online through distance education. The growth of this space-focused graduate degree program led to the establishment of a new independent department at USC twenty years ago in 2004. Since its founding, this Department of Astronautical Engineering awarded nearly one thousand Master's degrees to students from across the United States, Canada, and selected locations abroad. The article describes the origin, rationale, focus, structure, coursework, and reach of USC's Master of Science in Astronautical Engineering program. It concludes with the lessons learned in program development which contributed to its success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front cover with vol. no. and issue","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2468-8967(25)00051-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-8967(25)00051-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"Page CO1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociomapping qualitative analysis of the structure and dynamics of relationships in the crews of SIRIUS-19 and SIRIUS-21 during a simulated space mission to the Moon through the lens of comparison","authors":"K. Bernardova Sykorova ,&nbsp;E. Chroustova ,&nbsp;M. Klosova ,&nbsp;A. Zubkova ,&nbsp;K. Krasna ,&nbsp;J. Lastovkova ,&nbsp;E. Höschlova ,&nbsp;R. Bahbouh","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The contribution is based on the author's own MODEL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH in EXPOSED PROFESSIONS based on a set of diagnostic, analytical methods, and mathematical modelling in the measurement of human attitudes. Its subject is a comprehensive analysis of the functioning of humans and small social groups in specific conditions of long-term isolation, from a bio-psycho-social point of view. The contribution will present the outputs of the international research project “SIRIUS 2017–2023″, from the 4-month and 8-month isolation experiment organized by the IBMP RAS and NASA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SOCIOMAPPING is a technique suitable for the analysis of non-linear dynamic systems - groups, organizations, population. The method of the Czech author Radvan Bahbouh makes it possible to analyse the relationships and ties between system elements to reveal stable and recurring structural patterns and to monitor their dynamics. As part of the 2nd and 3rd stages of the “SIRIUS” project, the method was deployed in 3 stages during both experiments. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS of the data provided detailed insight into the structure and dynamics of relationships and ties in both crews in 35 areas.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS shows highly favourable findings in the structure and dynamics of relationships in both crews during isolation. In the field of PROFESSIONALISM, the crew of SIRIUS-19 maintains a continuously high rating, higher at the end of the mission than at the beginning. A slightly opposite tendency was found for the SIRIUS-21 crew, the “definitely yes” rating shifts to “rather yes” or “can't judge” after 8 months of the mission. A similar pattern was found in the field of WORKING and PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP where the background of the individual participants in the experiment may have contributed to the results.</div><div>It is confirmed once again that the highly positive mutual evaluation of crew members has a fundamental influence on work performance, social atmosphere, decision-making, the occurrence of misunderstandings, task performance, workload management, quality of communication, cooperation, and in real space missions, also an influence on the issue of survival of crews.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 628-635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveying space debris management methods: Revealing essential requirements for effective solutions","authors":"Samaneh Elahian,&nbsp;Hamid Kazemi","doi":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsse.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delves into the management of space debris covering two main categories; preventive measures to mitigate space debris generation and methods for debris removal. Through a thorough review, it clarifies key aspects of outer space governance and the critical importance of effective space debris management. Space debris management methods are categorized into three main groups: prevention of debris generation, repair techniques, and collective/removal methods. Each category employs distinct approaches, which are discussed through its relevant equations and requirements. To define the requirements, two symbol spacecraft with masses of 25 and 100 kg in orbits at altitudes of 600 and 800 km are considered. This analysis aids in the selection of the most effective space debris management method for future space activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Space Safety Engineering","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 721-729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}