Portuguese Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Association between Health Literacy and Diabetes Risk in Adults: Insights from a Pilot Study in Leiria.","authors":"Maria João Batalha, Tiago Gabriel, Bartolomeu Alves, Ana Soledade, Rui Passadouro, Sara Simões Dias","doi":"10.1159/000545596","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Low levels of health literacy (HL) are related to behaviors that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, in Europe, there is still little knowledge about this relationship, and whether improving HL could be an effective strategy for preventing the disease. Therefore, this study aims to measure the association between HL and the risk of developing T2D in adults living in the municipality of Leiria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Longitudinal Health Literacy Study of the Municipality of Leiria were used. The sample (pilot study) consists of 175 individuals aged 18 or over. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score was used to determine an individual's risk of developing T2D. The short version of the European Health Literacy Questionnaire was applied to assess participants' HL levels. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe participants' sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, education, and monthly income). The analysis of the relationship between the level of HL and FINDRISC score was performed using a multivariate linear analysis. The analysis was conducted in three nested statistical models, and adjusted for age, sex, and educational level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the FINDRISC, 35.7% of respondents have a low risk, 26.8% a slightly moderate risk, 8.3% a moderate risk, 24.2% a high risk, and 5.1% a very high risk of developing T2D diabetes in the next 10 years. In the statistical model adjusted for age, sex, and education, individuals with inadequate levels of HL presented an average of 4.62 points more on the FINDRISC scale than individuals with excellent levels of HL (95% confidence interval: 0.558-8.677).</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>The risk of developing T2D is increased in people with lower levels of HL. It is important to invest in public health programs that empower citizens with knowledge to better manage their health.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption of the First Global Pandemic Agreement: Advancing Preparedness for Future Public Health Emergencies.","authors":"André den Exter, Paula Lobato Faria, João V Cordeiro","doi":"10.1159/000546833","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Demographic and Psychological Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in Europe and North America: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marina Almeida-Silva, Lina Vieira, Ana Grilo, Luísa Pedro, André Coelho, Elisabete Carolino, Oleksandra Umanets, Graça Andrade","doi":"10.1159/000546311","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic, tremendous efforts have been made to address this public health emergency of international concern. The control of the disease has essentially depended on vaccination programs. Many recent studies continue to explore the factors related to the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycoINFO were searched to gather all relevant data on the social and psychological determinants of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. ROBIS tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The main objective of this systematic review was to identify the main social and psychological determinants responsible for the choice to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the adult population of Europe and North America.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic review examined literature identified through seven databases yielding 576 PRISMA records, being used 28 articles. The results suggest that older people, higher education level and Caucasian have a stronger intention to be vaccinated. Many studies confirm that beliefs about vaccine costs and benefits are related with vaccine intention. Social concerns, perceived severity of COVID-19 and perceived risk of being infected are confirmed in most studies as determinants of vaccination intention. Conspiracy beliefs seem to promote vaccine hesitance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results point to some useful conclusions for promoting vaccination in future pandemic situations. In addition to the targeting of the most vaccine-resistant groups, this study suggests the main themes that should be focused on future public communication to promote vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication and Marketing Management in Patient Safety within Healthcare Organizations: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Maria Diniz Nogueira, Ana Marinho Diniz, Cláudia Tartaglia Reis, Susana Ramos, Paulo Sousa","doi":"10.1159/000546355","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patient safety (PS) is a fundamental pillar of healthcare quality. The effective dissemination of information and knowledge management regarding PS is essential to foster safe practices. Despite significant progress in recent years, gaps remain in how knowledge and information on PS are managed and disseminated across healthcare organizations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to map the scientific evidence concerning knowledge management strategies and the dissemination of information related to PS, as implemented by healthcare organizations for healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Searches were performed in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, with no time limitations, across databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as grey literature sources such as NOVA Discovery (EBSCO) and selected institutional websites. The review was reported in line with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 247 publications identified, 16 were included. Three principal strategies for PS-related knowledge management emerged: acquisition, dissemination, and mediation. Continuous training and the adoption of innovative educational methodologies were found to enhance knowledge acquisition. Digital platforms and health marketing tools facilitated dissemination. Knowledge mediation was supported by strategic leadership, informal networks, and interdisciplinary partnerships involving risk managers, clinical leaders, and subject matter experts.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Knowledge management strategies demonstrated potential to strengthen PS, with continuous training, organizational culture, and innovation standing out in knowledge acquisition. Dissemination was effective through digital platforms and marketing, while mediation relied on leaders and managers. Challenges remain, such as validating the impact and updating the content. Future research should assess the impact of these strategies on clinical practice, including the perspectives of patients and carers.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Transfusion Safety System: Characterization of Patient Safety Incidents.","authors":"Marta Haro, Susana Ramos, Teresa Magalhães","doi":"10.1159/000543841","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The healthcare system is complex and dynamic, and the implementation of information technology is seen as an important aid to patient safety. Data reveal that 1 in every 10 patients in developed countries is affected by a clinical error. The transfusion process involves several stakeholders and multiple stages with various critical points within the hospital. This study aims to understand patient safety incidents caused by failures in the Electronic Transfusion Safety System (ETSS) based on barcode technology in a hospital setting, from storage to the administration of blood components to the patient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study spanning 3 years (2021-2023) with a mixed-methods approach was chosen. A Focus Group with six experts was conducted, and 136 reports from the anonymized incident reporting database with the typology \"Blood and Blood Products\" from a hospital in Lisbon were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ETSS diagram using barcodes allowed for the identification and description of all stages and their stakeholders. The critical points identified were patient identification, multiple relabeling, and transportation. A higher incidence rate of near-miss events was observed during sample collection and prescription.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This ETSS is hybrid, meaning that it has both human and technological components. Since 96% of the incidents did not cause harm to the patient, error detection and prevention mechanisms are being activated. This study has demonstrated the importance of IT in the transfusion process, as well as the relevance of continuous investment and the involvement of all stakeholders for a better patient safety environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Quality of Life and Mental Health in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Catarina Gonçalves, Armando Raimundo, Ana Abreu, João Pais, Jorge Bravo","doi":"10.1159/000545049","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of two exercise-based programs over a short-term 6-week period, compared to a control group (no exercise program), on the quality of life (QoL) and mental health of patients with myocardial infarction (MI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled trial, 72 patients with MI were individually randomized (1:1:1) into three groups: HIIT, MICT, and control. Both training programs consisted of 6 weeks of supervised treadmill exercise, three sessions per week. MICT was performed at ≈70-75% of peak heart rate (HR), while HIIT was performed at ≈85-95% of HRpeak. The control group followed standard medical recommendations. Outcome measures included assessments of QoL (SF-36) and anxiety and depression (HADS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the exercise groups, 6 out of the 8 SF-36 dimensions showed a significant improvement after 6 weeks. The HIIT group exhibited noteworthy enhancements in physical functioning (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and general health dimensions (<i>p</i> = 0.015) compared to the MICT group. Baseline anxiety and depression scores, albeit modestly elevated, substantially decreased following the 6-week exercise interventions in both exercise groups, exhibiting statistical significance compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant differences were found between the HIIT and MICT in terms of mental health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both exercise programs were equally effective in improving QoL and mental health in MI patients. However, the HIIT group showed greater improvements in physical functioning and general health dimensions than the MICT group. Our findings emphasize that abstaining from exercise-based post-MI programs correlates with lower QoL, and higher anxiety and depression scores. This underscores the significance of implementing exercise-based rehabilitation strategies to optimize the recovery and well-being of patients with MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data from Routine Primary Healthcare: Opportunities and Threats for Obesity Epidemiological Research.","authors":"Berta Valente, Mónica Rodrigues, João Pedro Ramos, Ana Azevedo","doi":"10.1159/000545337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12074643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Socioeconomic Determinants in Children's Health.","authors":"Tânia Russo, João Pereira","doi":"10.1159/000545167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After many years of being portrayed as a major achievement of the health service, child health in Portugal has recently come under scrutiny after an increase in infant deaths. Commentators have pointed to unequal access to healthcare and poorly monitored pregnancies of migrant mothers as possible causes. In this context, we revisit the socioeconomic determinants of children's health, reflecting on how various factors such as parental income and education, immigration, ethnicity, and social policies exert their influence on child health. Socioeconomic determinants have long been recognised, but their importance is often overlooked in the field of child health. The authors discuss theoretical approaches such as the worlds of influence framework proposed by UNICEF and consider various pathways through which socioeconomic determinants shape children's health, namely, the so-called material, psychological, behavioural, and structural pathways. The authors then move on to consider the empirical literature, drawing attention to factors such as life course, socioeconomic disadvantage, deprived neighbourhoods, poverty and income, household and family characteristics, parental education, ethnic diversity, and immigration. Finally, policy implications are considered, with the authors arguing that a multisectoral and coordinated approach, embracing both social and public health interventions, is required. Guaranteeing universal access to services that promote healthy early child development - including early childcare and education and efforts to reduce childhood poverty - is central to promoting equity. Classic public health policies, such as health surveillance and prevention programs, especially targeted at the preconception period, gestation, and childhood, are also important. In geographical areas with a strong immigrant presence, specific programs designed to facilitate integration should be available. If we are to improve child health and make sure that none are left behind, we need to focus attention on a broad range of socioeconomic determinants.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advocacy for Health and Health Equity: A Call to Public Health Professionals.","authors":"Ana Rita Goes","doi":"10.1159/000545038","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerable Groups in Primary Health Care: Brief Report of a Project Implementation in Lisbon.","authors":"Ana Rita J Maria, Nuno Basílio","doi":"10.1159/000543927","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic led to measures that conditioned the response of health services. More research is needed on what measures may be undertaken to promote the stability of general practitioners (GPs).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to describe a project taking place in a primary health care (PHC) unit in Lisbon at the beginning of 2022, aiming to monitor vulnerable populations, including children and pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive study design based on a case report was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A rich internship field presented an opportunity to the training of future doctors specializing in Family Medicine and providing health services at the PHC level, which are considered essential in the Portuguese health system. Additionally, the problem of inequality in access to PHC is ameliorated, especially in a context with a high number of patients without an assigned GP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Training of future doctors specializing in Family Medicine can be improved, and, at the same time, the problem of inequality in access to PHC is ameliorated. In order to lead a successful PHC, reform topics should be considered, such as the promotion of policies to retain professionals in the National Health Service.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"43 2","pages":"125-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}