Portuguese Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Development of a Checklist of Potentially Traumatic Events in Children and Adolescents (CEPT-CA).","authors":"Inês Barroca, Catarina Melo Santos, Ana Velosa, Gonçalo Cotovio, Kasia Kozlowska, Inês Pinto, Paula Saraiva Carvalho","doi":"10.1159/000522221","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since exposure to potentially traumatic events during childhood and adolescence has been shown to be very common, its screening is very important. Our aim was to develop a self-assessment checklist to perform screening of potentially traumatic events in childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The development of the Checklist of Potentially Traumatic Events in Children and Adolescents (CEPT-CA) was based on: (a) the structure of Life Events Checklist that has been translated, back-translated, and adapted; (b) recommendations of renowned entities about trauma in childhood; (c) particularities of potentially traumatic events in childhood; (d) adapting the language to the target population's age group; (e) Portugal's sociocultural context. The preliminary version of the CEPT-CA was again discussed with the Review Committee. Subsequently, a pre-test was carried out with 30 children/adolescents between the ages of 7 and 18 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CEPT-CA includes the assessment of 16 potentially traumatic events. It also includes a 17th item, in which \"any other very difficult/stressful event\" may be added. Each event can be selected according to \"It happened to me,\" \"I saw it happen to someone else,\" \"They told me,\" \"I'm not sure,\" and \"Not applicable.\" The mean time to complete the questionnaire was 9 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pioneering study presents a checklist of potentially traumatic events in childhood/adolescence. This tool is useful for tracking these traumatic events, thereby allowing an early and specific assessment and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44530902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet Dental Treatment Needs and Barriers to Dental Care of Patients with Special Needs Attending a Dental Teaching Hospital.","authors":"Shivaughn Maria Marchan, Erika Coppin, Ramaa Balkaran","doi":"10.1159/000522667","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This work attempted to determine the unmet dental treatment needs and self-reported barriers to continued care, in patients with special needs, attending a dental teaching hospital in the English-speaking Caribbean.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A chart audit of patients who were planned for comprehensive treatment for the period from August 1, 2015 to July 31, 2017 was used to determine the types of treatment required for the sample of patients. Treatment was classified as either urgent, preventive, or restorative. Restorative treatment was further divided into operative, endodontic, periodontic, and prosthodontic treatment. Reasons for not returning to the clinic to complete planned treatment care were ascertained via a telephone interview. A non-parametric McNemar change test for related samples at an alpha level of 0.05 was used to compare planned treatment with completed treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>34% of patients with special needs had comprehensive treatment plans developed for the period under investigation. Preventive dental treatment was included in most comprehensive plans (96.1%). Large proportions of patients also required care for periodontal disease (65.7%) and operative management of caries (52.9%). While there was no significant difference between preventive treatment planned and received, there were significant differences in treatment planned and received for all types of restorative care. Major identified barriers included cost, accessibility, and psychosocial issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was an unmet need for restorative and periodontal treatment. Major self-reported barriers to dental care included cost, accessibility to care in terms of transportation issues, and psychosocial issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"52-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42360401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing an Online Program to Change Benzodiazepine Prescription: Protocol of a Hybrid Type 1 Cluster-Randomised Trial.","authors":"Teresa Reis, Helena Serra, Sofia Azeredo, Miguel Xavier","doi":"10.1159/000522220","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Excessive benzodiazepine (BZD) prescription has long been considered a serious mental health concern in many countries. Many interventions using different methodologies have been implemented to change BZD prescription patterns in primary health care settings, with limited positive results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective of our study was to analyse the effectiveness and implementation process of an intervention aimed at changing BZD prescription patterns in a primary health care setting in Portugal.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We chose as methodology an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 intervention. Our intervention was based on the development of an online platform, named ePrimaPrescribe, which was delivered using a Digital Behaviour Change Intervention (DBCI), using a two-arm cluster-randomised clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We primarily aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of our DBCI in changing BZD prescription patterns using the frequency of BZD prescriptions issued per month as an outcome measure. Secondarily, we aimed to analyse the effect of ePrimaPrescribe on antidepressant prescriptions, to study the effect of the platform on diagnosis registration associated with BZDs and antidepressant prescription, and to perform a cost analysis considering the monthly National Health Service spending on BZD co-payments. Finally, we aimed to analyse the implementation process using quantitative and qualitative methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With this study, we expect to contribute with a cost-effective intervention to change the complex matter of excessive BZD prescriptions, and also to improve insight into the challenges to intervention implementation processes in primary health care settings. We believe that our findings are relevant not only to the specific setting where the study was implemented, but also to all countries where primary health care plays a central role in care provision.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevalence and Associated Sociodemographic Characteristics.","authors":"Ana Aguiar, Isabel Maia, Marta Pinto, Raquel Duarte","doi":"10.1159/000522319","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The current worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has been having a considerable impact not only on health but also on the economy of societies, emphasizing food insecurity as a significant public health concern.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this study was to characterize the scenario of food insecurity in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore its related sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study, using data from an online survey, performed from November 2020 until February 2021, including 882 residents aged 18 years or older in Portugal. Data on sociodemographics and food security status were collected, the latter was evaluated using the United States Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models were performed (covariates: education, household income perception, and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic). The odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were women (71.3%), with a mean age of 36.8 years (SD 11.0). Food insecurity prevalence was 6.8%. Less-educated individuals (≤12 years of schooling; OR 2.966; 95% CI 1.250-7.042), and those who were and remained unemployed since the beginning of the pandemic (OR 2.602; 95% CI 1.004-6.742) had higher odds of belonging to a food-insecure household, regardless of education, working status during the COVID-19 pandemic, and household income perception. Moreover, lower odds of belonging to a food-insecure household were observed among those reporting a comfortable household income (OR 0.007; 95% CI 0.001-0.062) than those who perceived their household income as insufficient, independently of education and the working status during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the population groups that are at a greater risk of food insecurity during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Effective public health strategies should be developed aiming to address food insecurity during this crisis, especially among the higher risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9059064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43285791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure Science in a Climate Change Scenario.","authors":"Susana Viegas","doi":"10.1159/000522593","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47258236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thanks to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000521983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521983","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Port J Public Health 2021;39:193","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis and/or HIV Infection and Associated Socio-Behavioural Factors in Immigrants, in Portugal: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Descriptive Study.","authors":"Rhaisa Farias, Isabel Couto, Marta Pingarilho, Inês Fronteira","doi":"10.1159/000521726","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000521726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Portugal is one of the countries in Western Europe with the highest prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The prevalence among migrants is estimated to be higher than among non-migrants, which suggests a greater vulnerability of this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the distribution of TB, HIV and HIV-TB co-infection and socio-behavioural factors associated with immigrants that lived in the metropolitan area of Lisbon and used the services of a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive pilot study. An anonymous and structured questionnaire developed specifically for the study was applied by NGO employees duly trained for this purpose to a purposeful sample of 100 immigrants attending health services in an NGO in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of HIV-TB extrapulmonary coinfection and HIV infection was 1% (<i>n</i> = 1) and 17% (<i>n</i> = 17), respectively. Only 1 immigrant had 4 out of the 5 symptoms suggestive of TB. No cases of pulmonary TB were identified, although 3 of the immigrants reported having been treated for pulmonary TB in the past. The participants were young, mainly female and some were male-to-female transsexuals. Most were from the community of Portuguese-speaking countries, especially from Brazil, and almost half of them had not regularized their immigration status. Additionally, almost one-fifth of immigrants were unemployed (17%), and one-sixth performed sex work (14%). Most of the participants (71%) sometimes used or never used a condom during sexual intercourse. Additionally, 40% revealed using illicit drugs and 1% said that they had shared injection material in the last 12 months.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Being non-employed, with a low income and a lower level of education, consumption of illicit drugs and regular tobacco consumption were common characteristics in the immigrants studied, which points out social and economic disadvantages that could influence the risk of acquiring HIV and TB. Policies on latent TB infection and TB diagnosis are urgently needed, mainly aimed at vulnerable groups and culturally diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42213780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It Has Been a Hard Day's Year.","authors":"Helena Canhão","doi":"10.1159/000521805","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000521805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49572668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"H. Canhão, G. Espnes, P. Ferreira, J. Figueras","doi":"10.1159/000523739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000523739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48293534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Practice Recommendations for Dysphagia Management in Stroke Patients: A Consensus from a Portuguese Expert Panel.","authors":"Isabel de Jesus Oliveira, Germano Rodrigues Couto, Rosa Vilares Santos, Ana Maria Campolargo, Cláudia Lima, Pedro Lopes Ferreira","doi":"10.1159/000520505","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000520505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is frequent after stroke, and it increases the risk of respiratory infection, dehydration and malnutrition, resulting in worse outcomes. Different clinical guidelines present recommendations for the assessment and management of dysphagia in stroke patients in a scattered way. These best practice recommendations address seven clinical questions on the assessment and management of dysphagia in stroke patients, gathering the best-updated evidence. A systematic literature review using the PICO strategy was performed. The recommendations draft was then appraised by a multidisciplinary panel of experts (nutritionists, physiatrists, speech-language pathologists and rehabilitation nurses) in a total of 3 Delphi rounds. A minimum of 80% consensus was established, and the final version offers a total of 21 recommendations for use in clinical practice for stroke patients. These clinical recommendations are an overview of the most recent evidence combined with experts' consensus and translated into clinically relevant statements. In implementing recommendations at the local level, health professionals should identify facilitators and barriers to evidence-based practice within their contexts and determine the best strategies to address local needs. Where the change is needed, initial and continuing training on all recommendations is essential and relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"145-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47128454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}