Portuguese Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Exposure Science in a Climate Change Scenario.","authors":"Susana Viegas","doi":"10.1159/000522593","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47258236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thanks to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000521983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521983","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Port J Public Health 2021;39:193","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis and/or HIV Infection and Associated Socio-Behavioural Factors in Immigrants, in Portugal: A Cross-Sectional, Community-Based Descriptive Study.","authors":"Rhaisa Farias, Isabel Couto, Marta Pingarilho, Inês Fronteira","doi":"10.1159/000521726","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000521726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Portugal is one of the countries in Western Europe with the highest prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The prevalence among migrants is estimated to be higher than among non-migrants, which suggests a greater vulnerability of this population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the distribution of TB, HIV and HIV-TB co-infection and socio-behavioural factors associated with immigrants that lived in the metropolitan area of Lisbon and used the services of a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive pilot study. An anonymous and structured questionnaire developed specifically for the study was applied by NGO employees duly trained for this purpose to a purposeful sample of 100 immigrants attending health services in an NGO in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of HIV-TB extrapulmonary coinfection and HIV infection was 1% (<i>n</i> = 1) and 17% (<i>n</i> = 17), respectively. Only 1 immigrant had 4 out of the 5 symptoms suggestive of TB. No cases of pulmonary TB were identified, although 3 of the immigrants reported having been treated for pulmonary TB in the past. The participants were young, mainly female and some were male-to-female transsexuals. Most were from the community of Portuguese-speaking countries, especially from Brazil, and almost half of them had not regularized their immigration status. Additionally, almost one-fifth of immigrants were unemployed (17%), and one-sixth performed sex work (14%). Most of the participants (71%) sometimes used or never used a condom during sexual intercourse. Additionally, 40% revealed using illicit drugs and 1% said that they had shared injection material in the last 12 months.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Being non-employed, with a low income and a lower level of education, consumption of illicit drugs and regular tobacco consumption were common characteristics in the immigrants studied, which points out social and economic disadvantages that could influence the risk of acquiring HIV and TB. Policies on latent TB infection and TB diagnosis are urgently needed, mainly aimed at vulnerable groups and culturally diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42213780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It Has Been a Hard Day's Year.","authors":"Helena Canhão","doi":"10.1159/000521805","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000521805","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49572668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"H. Canhão, G. Espnes, P. Ferreira, J. Figueras","doi":"10.1159/000523739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000523739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48293534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Practice Recommendations for Dysphagia Management in Stroke Patients: A Consensus from a Portuguese Expert Panel.","authors":"Isabel de Jesus Oliveira, Germano Rodrigues Couto, Rosa Vilares Santos, Ana Maria Campolargo, Cláudia Lima, Pedro Lopes Ferreira","doi":"10.1159/000520505","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000520505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is frequent after stroke, and it increases the risk of respiratory infection, dehydration and malnutrition, resulting in worse outcomes. Different clinical guidelines present recommendations for the assessment and management of dysphagia in stroke patients in a scattered way. These best practice recommendations address seven clinical questions on the assessment and management of dysphagia in stroke patients, gathering the best-updated evidence. A systematic literature review using the PICO strategy was performed. The recommendations draft was then appraised by a multidisciplinary panel of experts (nutritionists, physiatrists, speech-language pathologists and rehabilitation nurses) in a total of 3 Delphi rounds. A minimum of 80% consensus was established, and the final version offers a total of 21 recommendations for use in clinical practice for stroke patients. These clinical recommendations are an overview of the most recent evidence combined with experts' consensus and translated into clinically relevant statements. In implementing recommendations at the local level, health professionals should identify facilitators and barriers to evidence-based practice within their contexts and determine the best strategies to address local needs. Where the change is needed, initial and continuing training on all recommendations is essential and relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"145-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47128454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of COVID-19 in Health Professionals: A Case-Control Study, Portugal.","authors":"Héloïse Lucaccioni,&nbsp;Cristina Costa,&nbsp;Mariana Perez Duque,&nbsp;Sooria Balasegaram,&nbsp;Rita Sá Machado","doi":"10.1159/000519472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Health professionals face higher occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to estimate the risk of COVID-19 test positivity in health professionals compared to non-health professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a test-negative case-control study using Portuguese national surveillance data (January to May 2020). Cases were suspected cases who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; controls were suspected cases who tested negative. We used multivariable logistic regression modelling to estimate the odds ratio of a positive COVID-19 test (RT-PCR; primary outcome), comparing health professionals and non-health professionals (primary exposure), and adjusting for the confounding effect of demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics, and the modification effect of the self-reported epidemiological link (i.e., self-reported contact with a COVID-19 case or person with COVID-19-like symptoms).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Health professionals had a 2-fold higher risk of a positive COVID-19 test result (aOR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.69-2.11). However, this association was strongly modified by the self-report of an epidemiological link such that, among cases who did report an epidemiological link, being a health professional was a protective factor (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that health professionals might be primarily infected by unknown contacts, plausibly in the healthcare setting, but also that their occupational exposure does not systematically translate into a higher risk of transmission. We suggest that this could be interpreted in light of different types and timing of exposure, and variability in risk perception and associated preventive behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 3","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/77/pjp-0039-0137.PMC9059035.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41142664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Digital Technologies in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal.","authors":"Diana Portela,&nbsp;Duarte Vital Brito,&nbsp;Hugo Monteiro","doi":"10.1159/000521015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digital technologies revolutionized the way we dealt with the COVID-19 pandemic and outstood the obvious societal change in the information age. Currently, data are an essential element of any health institution. Their use has the potential to radically reduce the cost and time needed to strengthen scientific evidence on the effectiveness of interventions. Likewise, information and the potential of these technologies have become a crucial part of the response to the pandemic. Effective implementation of data management strategies has depended on the adoption of digital technologies and their integration with health policies and care systems. In August 2020, <i>Nature Medicine</i> published an article about technological maturity and digital responses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to provide a contextualization of the technologies adopted in Portugal in the current crisis while highlighting, when applicable, requirements, potentials, constraints and aspects of possible improvements. The digital maturity of health services is a gradual process that requires preparation, adaptation and response. The future of public health and health care systems will be increasingly digital, and it is necessary to promote a culture of innovation, coordinate and standardize processes and make room for a new paradigm of sustainable digital transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 3","pages":"170-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/a0/pjp-0039-0170.PMC9059060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EHMA 2021 Annual Conference: Abstracts Health Management: Managing the Present and Shaping the Future","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000520904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"I - III"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49223097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EHMA 2021 Annual Conference: Abstracts Health Management: Managing the Present and Shaping the Future","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000520543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520543","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last year, health systems across Europe have encountered the most difficult times for a generation. Throughout the world, health services buckled under the strain of COVID-19, confronting enormous challenges around hospital capacity and workforce planning during a pandemic. As managers are pondering whether there will be a return to a ‘new normal‘, important questions will be asked about how to increase the resilience and readiness of health systems whilst also providing high-quality routine care catching up on the backlog of many months of missed operations. Health management will be at the centre of providing solutions for these unprecedented difficulties. Bringing practitioners, researchers and academics together to share solutions has never been more important than today. The EHMA Annual Conference 2021 organised by EHMA in collaboration with the Associação Portuguesa de Administradores Hospitalares (APAH) and its academic partners, the Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública and the Universidade Nova: Nova School of Business and Economics brought together experts from across the world to discuss solutions to managing services in the post-COVID future. With a rich and diverse programme, the conference offered a unique opportunity to share experiences and find answers to some of the most difficult problems in leading and managing the health services of tomorrow. The EHMA Annual Conference is widely considered the preeminent place to share experiences, skills and competencies in the field of health management. With a strong focus on innovative practices in governing, planning and delivering services, the EHMA 2021 Annual Conference allowed getting in touch with European and international colleagues to discuss the latest developments in governance and leadership, digital transformation, integrated care, and creating sustainable person-centred services.","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"1 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46669880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}