Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)最新文献_第2页

An investigation of analysis techniques for software datasets 软件数据集分析技术的研究

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809734

L. Pickard, B. Kitchenham, Susan Linkman

{"title":"An investigation of analysis techniques for software datasets","authors":"L. Pickard, B. Kitchenham, Susan Linkman","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809734","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the study was to investigate the efficacy of different data analysis techniques for software data. We used simulation to create datasets with a known underlying model and with non-Normal characteristics that are frequently found in software datasets: skewness, unstable variance, and outliers and combinations of these characteristics. We investigated three main statistically based data analysis techniques: residual analysis; multivariate regression; classification and regression trees (CART). In addition to the standard \"least squares\" version of the technique, we also investigated robust and nonparametric versions of the techniques. We found that standard multivariate regression techniques were best if the data only exhibited skewness. However, under more extreme conditions such as severe heteroscedasticity, the nonparametric residual analysis technique performed best. We also found that even when the analysis technique did not accurately recreate the true underlying model, the faulty model could generate reasonably good predictions. The study indicates that simulation is very useful technique for evaluating different data analysis techniques.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124505604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Can results from software engineering experiments be safely combined? 软件工程实验的结果可以安全地组合吗?

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809736

James Miller

引用次数: 63

Quantitative modeling of software reviews in an industrial setting 工业环境下软件评审的定量建模

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809752

O. Laitenberger, M. Leszak, D. Stoll, K. Emam

{"title":"Quantitative modeling of software reviews in an industrial setting","authors":"O. Laitenberger, M. Leszak, D. Stoll, K. Emam","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809752","url":null,"abstract":"Technical reviews are a cost effective method commonly used to detect software defects early. To exploit their full potential, it is necessary to collect measurement data to constantly monitor and improve the implemented review procedure. This paper postulates a model of the factors that affect the number of defects detected during a technical review, and tests the model empirically using data from a large software development organization. The data set comes from more than 300 specification, design, and code reviews that were performed at Lucent's Product Realization Center for Optical Networking (PRC-ON) in Nuernberg, Germany. Since development projects within PRC-ON usually spend between 12% and 18% of the total development effort on reviews, it is essential to understand the relationships among the factors that determine review success. One major finding of this study is that the number of detected defects is primarily determined by the preparation effort of reviewers rather than the size of the reviewed artifact. In addition, the size of the reviewed artifact has only limited influence on review effort. Furthermore, we identified consistent ceiling effects in the relationship between size and effort with the number of defects detected. These results suggest that managers at PRC-ON must consider adequate preparation effort in their review planning to ensure high quality artifacts as well as a mature review process.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132446361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Metrics for quantifying the disparity, concentration, and dedication between program components and features 用于量化程序组件和功能之间的差异、集中和奉献的量度

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809740

W. E. Wong, S. Gokhale, J. R. Horgan

{"title":"Metrics for quantifying the disparity, concentration, and dedication between program components and features","authors":"W. E. Wong, S. Gokhale, J. R. Horgan","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809740","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important steps towards effective software maintenance of a large complicated system is to understand how program features are spread over the entire system and their interactions with the program components. However, we must first be able to represent an abstract feature in terms of some concrete program components. We use an execution slice-based technique to identify the basic blocks which are used to implement a program feature. Three metrics are then defined, based on this identification, to determine quantitatively the disparity between a program component and a feature, the concentration of a feature in a program component and the dedication of a program component to a feature. The computations of these metrics are automated by incorporating them in a tool (/spl chi/Suds) which makes the use of our metrics immediately applicable in real-life contexts. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique by experimenting with a reliability and performance evaluator. Results of our study suggest that these metrics can provide an indication of the closeness between a feature and a program component which is very useful for software programmers and maintainers to better understand the system at hand.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131140953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Measuring functionality and productivity in Web-based applications: a case study 在基于web的应用程序中度量功能和生产力:一个案例研究

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809732

M. Morisio, I. Stamelos, Vasilis Spahos, Daniele Romano

引用次数: 41

Quantitative approaches for assessing the value of COTS-centric development 评估以cots为中心的开发价值的定量方法

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809749

H. Erdogmus, J. Vandergraaf

{"title":"Quantitative approaches for assessing the value of COTS-centric development","authors":"H. Erdogmus, J. Vandergraaf","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809749","url":null,"abstract":"Software development based on commercial off-the-shelf or COTS, components is currently drawing considerable attention. This paper presents the results of two complementary quantitative valuation methods applied to the assessment of the COTS-centric software development projects. We use a standard corporate finance tool, Net Present Value, as a basis for both methods. The first method, comparative valuation, investigates the economic incentive to choose the COTS centric strategy in a project vis a vis the alternative, the custom development strategy, through an incentive metric based on NPV. The analysis concentrates on the impact of product risk and development time on the defined metric. The second method, real options valuation, primarily deals with uncertainty. It is employed to investigate the value of strategic flexibility inherent in COTS-centric development. We provide examples of several such options and summarize qualitatively the results of their analyses. Using these two approaches, some common anecdotes of COTS-centric development can be substantiated by sound financial arguments. Through scenarios and sensitivity analyses, we show that different circumstances and assumptions give rise to different winning conditions. Some general principles are summarized at the end.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134015548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Measuring coupling and cohesion: an information-theory approach 度量耦合和内聚:一种信息论方法

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809733

E. B. Allen, T. Khoshgoftaar

{"title":"Measuring coupling and cohesion: an information-theory approach","authors":"E. B. Allen, T. Khoshgoftaar","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809733","url":null,"abstract":"The design of software is often depicted by graphs that show components and their relationships. For example, a structure chart shows the calling relationships among components. Object oriented design is based on various graphs as well. Such graphs are abstractions of the software, devised to depict certain design decisions. Coupling and cohesion are attributes that summarize the degree of interdependence or connectivity among subsystems and within subsystems, respectively. When used in conjunction with measures of other attributes, coupling and cohesion can contribute to an assessment or prediction of software quality. Let a graph be an abstraction of a software system and let a subgraph represent a module (subsystem). The paper proposes information theory based measures of coupling and cohesion of a modular system. These measures have the properties of system level coupling and cohesion defined by L.C. Briand et al. (1996; 1997). Coupling is based on relationships between modules. We also propose a similar measure for intramodule coupling based on an intramodule abstraction of the software, rather than intermodule, but intramodule coupling is calculated in the same way as intermodule coupling. We define cohesion in terms of intramodule coupling, normalized to between zero and one. We illustrate the measures with example graphs. Preliminary analysis showed that the information theory approach has finer discrimination than counting.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 84

Re-planning for a successful project schedule 重新规划一个成功的项目时间表

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809728

A. Rainer, M. Shepperd

{"title":"Re-planning for a successful project schedule","authors":"A. Rainer, M. Shepperd","doi":"10.1109/METRIC.1999.809728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METRIC.1999.809728","url":null,"abstract":"Time-to-market or project duration has increasing significance for commercial software development. We report on a longitudinal study of a project at IBM Hursley Park. The focus of this study was schedule behaviour; however, we explored a range of related factors, including planned versus actual progress, resource allocation and functionality delivered. In the course of the 12-month study, evidence was collected from eight interviews, 49 project meetings, a number of project documents and a feedback workshop. The project leader considered the project to be a success, not only in terms of satisfying resource and schedule objectives, but also in the marketplace. Whilst many of the originally planned external commitments were met, it is clear that the project did not adhere to its original (detailed) plan and indeed there were no less than seven re-plans. These re-plans were mainly in response to mis-estimates in the original plan, rather than in response to the introduction of additional requirements (of which there were several) or problems with external dependencies. Furthermore, these re-plans suggest a distinction between the nature of the initial planning process and the nature of the re-planning process during the project. Attention is also directed at the implications these re-plans have for software metrics and cost estimation research.","PeriodicalId":372331,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131919304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

A metrics-based decision support tool for software module interfacing technique selection to lower maintenance cost 一个基于度量的软件模块接口技术选择决策支持工具，以降低维护成本

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809738

W. Bitman

引用次数: 3

OO software process improvement with metrics 使用度量改进OO软件过程

Proceedings Sixth International Software Metrics Symposium (Cat. No.PR00403) Pub Date : 1999-11-04 DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1999.809720

B. Henderson-Sellers

引用次数: 8