Forum Historiae最新文献_第5页

“Here a prosecutor fraternizes with a smuggler.” Complicated Links Between the Mountains, Economics and Ideology “在这里，检察官与走私犯交好。”山、经济、意识形态之间的复杂联系

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.2.4

J. Kochanowski

{"title":"“Here a prosecutor fraternizes with a smuggler.” Complicated Links Between the Mountains, Economics and Ideology","authors":"J. Kochanowski","doi":"10.31577/forhist.2021.15.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/forhist.2021.15.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"KOCHANOWSKI, Jerzy. “Here a prosecutor fraternizes with a smuggler.” Complicated Links Between the Mountains, Economics and Ideology. The conclusion of the state commissioned report addressed to Zakopane in 1972 was: “in Zakopane, the state is in a position worse than in capitalism. It has been reduced to the role of not even a night-watchman, but that of an unpaid street-sweeper”. This peculiar “autonomy” of the Podhale Region was affected by historical, social, cultural and geographical conditions that are commonly mentioned, though on the other hand, the state was also an important actor and nowise ambiguous. The tendency to take up strict supervision of sectors decisive for the image and importance of Zakopane and the Tatra region—tourism and sport—existed at the central level from the mid-1950s to the 1980s, but at the regional level, these policies encountered strong resistance. The reason was an emergence of specific social networks linking the private sector with the structures of local government, state and party, or even with the police and judicial departments, however, only thanks to them was it possible—due to the organizational inefficiency of the state—to fulfil a societal need for the modernization of leisure and related services, which grew suddenly after 1956. Only in the first half of the 1970s was the socialist state able to provide a relatively rational program thanks to being an influential factor in modernization, mostly due to maintaining control of material resources. However, in the period of disintegration of the system, the end of the 1970s and in the 1980s, the state’s program was no longer a barrier or alternative for the social actors.","PeriodicalId":37228,"journal":{"name":"Forum Historiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Italian-Czechoslovak Military Cooperation (1918–1919) in the Official Historical Memory of the Interwar Period 两次世界大战期间官方历史记忆中的意大利-捷克斯洛伐克军事合作(1918-1919)

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.8

Michal Kšiňan, J. Babják

{"title":"Italian-Czechoslovak Military Cooperation (1918–1919) in the Official Historical Memory of the Interwar Period","authors":"Michal Kšiňan, J. Babják","doi":"10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"T collapse of Austria-Hungary in 1918 led to a rupture in Central-European geopolitics, the likes of which were effectively unimaginable a mere four years earlier. Having a hand in the establishment of Czechoslovakia became an important source of political capital, which individual actors used to increase their influence and prestige on both the international stage and at home. In this paper, we discuss two dimensions of the memorialisation of Italian-Czechoslovak military cooperation in 1918–1919: one pertaining to ceremonies and the formal aspects of remembrance, and the other centred on the effects of international politics—specifically, the often-turbulent Italian-Czechoslovak relations—on commemorative practices. The main aim of the public commemorations of historical events was to strengthen and unite Czechoslovak society by providing some definite markers on which to build a national identity.1 In view of space constraints, this paper should be understood as a typological overview of the most significant methods and manifestations of official historical remembrance concerning the given era rather than a complete and exhaustive summary.","PeriodicalId":37228,"journal":{"name":"Forum Historiae","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yugoslav Ruling Of Rijeka (Fiume) in 1918, Seen by Stanislaw Krakow 1918年南斯拉夫对里耶卡（Fiume）的统治，斯坦尼斯拉夫·克拉科夫所见

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.5

Biljana Stojić

{"title":"Yugoslav Ruling Of Rijeka (Fiume) in 1918, Seen by Stanislaw Krakow","authors":"Biljana Stojić","doi":"10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"G Franchet d’Espèrey, the third and last commander of L’Armée d’Orient, came to Thessaloniki in June 1918. Unlike his predecessors, Generals Maurice Sarrail and Adolphe Guillaumat, d’Espèrey immediately decided to change the existing war strategy. Instead of sending armies into smaller attacks, he pooled his resources into one large strike targeting a penetration of the frontline. Along with other allied commanders, he assessed that continuing the previous tactic of local attacks was and will be counterproductive because “causes for the bravest getting killed and a huge amount of ammunition is going to waste”.1 The other characteristic that distinguished d’Espèrey from Sarrail and Guillaumat was his trust in the Serbian army. From first sight he recognized that Serbs have the most motivation in the ongoing war since only victory will bring them back to their homeland. After noting this, d’Espèrey trusted them to lead the entire Allied army into a final breakthrough. He needed only a few meetings with Serbian Regent Alexandre Karadjordjević and Chief of General Staff Živojin Mišić to reach an agreement and all three together drafted the final strategy.2 From the military point of view, the plan was ready at the beginning of July but from the point","PeriodicalId":37228,"journal":{"name":"Forum Historiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45280181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hungarian POWs in Italy and Their Future Prospects After WWI 二战后在意大利的匈牙利战俘及其未来展望

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.6

B. Juhász

{"title":"Hungarian POWs in Italy and Their Future Prospects After WWI","authors":"B. Juhász","doi":"10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"I November 1918, after the end of the First World War, several hundred thousand prisoners of war were waiting in Italy to return to their home countries. Most came from the territory of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, which had been dissolved during their absence. Many became prisoners on the last day of the war due to some discrepancies in the interpretation of the armistice, and a large amount did not realize that their status as prisoners of war may cause their return home to be delayed for up to one and half years. During this time, the hinterland was undergoing continuous change. The successor countries of the monarchy fought for territories and resources, a fact that had become obvious not only for the participants of the Paris Peace Conference, but also for the various affected populaces given that several armed incidents – even a prolonged war in Hungary – caused unrest in the civil sphere. The situation was further aggravated by the spread of Bolshevik ideology towards the West, which resulted in the establishment of a few Republics of Councils in several Central European countries. Of these, the Hungarian Republic of Councils is special, among other reasons, because ideological tensions were mixed with a fundamentally nationalist war fought for territorial integrity.","PeriodicalId":37228,"journal":{"name":"Forum Historiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42586823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Italy, the Paris Peace Conference and the Shaping of Czechoslovakia 意大利、巴黎和会与捷克斯洛伐克的形成

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.2

F. Caccamo

引用次数: 0

Italy’s Endeavour to Take Over the Central European Railway Network, 1919–1923 1919年至1923年意大利接管中欧铁路网的努力

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2021.15.1.7

Anne-Sophie Nardelli-Malgrand

引用次数: 1

Self-publishing as a Surrealist Strategy: The Samizdat Catalogues of the Surrealist Group in Czechoslovakia 作为超现实主义策略的自我出版：捷克斯洛伐克超现实主义团体的萨米兹达特目录

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2021-01-04 DOI: 10.31577/FORHIST.2020.14.2.2

Kristin Watterott

引用次数: 0

Comitatus decimationem abbati subiugarem. K pôvodu donácie šomodských desiatkov

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2019.13.2.5

Marek Druga

{"title":"Comitatus decimationem abbati subiugarem. K pôvodu donácie šomodských desiatkov","authors":"Marek Druga","doi":"10.31577/forhist.2019.13.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/forhist.2019.13.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"M ešte priniesť k problematike materiálneho zabezpečenia najstarších kláštorov v Uhorsku nové postrehy? Otázka vyvoláva určitú skepsu, veď téme obdarovávania benediktínskych opátstiev venovali pozornosť generácie historikov. Špecifickým problémom je v tejto súvislosti donácia desiatkov z územia Šomodského komitátu pre Pannonhalmský kláštor Štefanom I. V Uhorskom kráľovstve ide o ojedinelý donačný akt, tento kráľovský dar však má významné paralely v poľskom a predovšetkým českom prostredí. Nasledujúce riadky sú predovšetkým pokusom o zhrnutie starších názorov k téme. V štúdii však nepôjde len o syntézu myšlienok významných medievistov. Krátka sonda do názorového spektra súčasnej medievistiky totiž naznačuje zásadné rozdiely v povahe otázok, ktoré si v kontexte desiatkov darovaných kláštorom (prípadne cirkevným inštitúciám všeobecne) kladú na jednej strane maďarskí, na druhej poľskí alebo českí historici. Nasledujúci súhrn názorov považujem za dôležitý aj z dôvodu, že k téme zavádzania cirkevných desiatkov do stredoeurópskeho priestoru dosiaľ neprebehla širšia diskusia. Je pritom pravdepodobné, že v budúcnosti bude možné prinášať podnetné úvahy k téme len s prihliadnutím na širší stredoeurópsky kontext. V záverečnej časti štúdie sa zároveň snažím upozorniť na nezrovnalosti vyplývajúce z argumentácie maďarskej historiografie, ktorá datuje donáciu šomodských desiatkov už do obdobia založenia Pannonhalmského kláštora. Abstract","PeriodicalId":37228,"journal":{"name":"Forum Historiae","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44120784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Verní a neverní kráľovi

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.31577/forhist.2019.13.2.1

Angelika Herucová, Pavol Hudáček

引用次数: 0

Späť do kuchýň, kostolov a k deťom. Ženy počas autonómie 1938 – 1939 回到厨房，教堂和孩子们。1938-1939年自治期间的妇女

Forum Historiae Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.31577/FORHIST.2019.13.1.3

Eva Škorvanková

引用次数: 0