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Antifungal activity of Rhopalurus crassicauda venom against Candida spp. 荆芥毒对念珠菌的抗真菌活性研究。
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100120
Umberto Zottich , Isadora Sousa de Oliveira , Isabela Gobbo Fereira , Felipe Augusto Cerni , Bordon Karla de Castro Figueiredo , Eliane Candiani Arantes , Valdirene Moreira Gomes , Germana Bueno Dias , Manuela Berto Pucca
{"title":"Antifungal activity of Rhopalurus crassicauda venom against Candida spp.","authors":"Umberto Zottich ,&nbsp;Isadora Sousa de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Isabela Gobbo Fereira ,&nbsp;Felipe Augusto Cerni ,&nbsp;Bordon Karla de Castro Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Eliane Candiani Arantes ,&nbsp;Valdirene Moreira Gomes ,&nbsp;Germana Bueno Dias ,&nbsp;Manuela Berto Pucca","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungal infections are becoming a serious problem of human diseases, being one of the most important fungal pathogens the yeast of the genus <em>Candida</em>. So far, fungal infection treatment faces different challenges, including the limited number of therapeutic drugs. Scorpions are known to be a valuable source of biologically active molecules, especially of peptide-derived molecules with a variety of biological effects and useful, lead compounds for drugs development. Here, we pioneer described the antifungal effect of venom, mucus, and the major toxin (Rc1) from <em>Rhopalurus crassicauda</em> scorpion. These results support the potential for Rc1 to be further investigated as a novel antifungal therapeutic to treat <em>Candida</em> infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000303/pdfft?md5=c78539d4b6e34e3c2da98db660c8d54d&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000303-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47428997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Evaluation of lethality and cytotoxic effects induced by Naja ashei (large brown spitting cobra) venom and the envenomation-neutralizing efficacy of selected commercial antivenoms in Kenya 评估肯尼亚大棕色吐痰眼镜蛇(Naja ashei)毒液的致死性和细胞毒性作用,以及选定的商业抗蛇毒血清的毒中和效果
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100125
Ernest Z. Manson , Mutinda C. Kyama , Joseph K. Gikunju , Josephine Kimani , James H. Kimotho
{"title":"Evaluation of lethality and cytotoxic effects induced by Naja ashei (large brown spitting cobra) venom and the envenomation-neutralizing efficacy of selected commercial antivenoms in Kenya","authors":"Ernest Z. Manson ,&nbsp;Mutinda C. Kyama ,&nbsp;Joseph K. Gikunju ,&nbsp;Josephine Kimani ,&nbsp;James H. Kimotho","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neutralization of lethality in mice model at the preclinical level has been established by the World Health Organization as the gold standard for the evaluation of antivenom efficacy. The assessment of the neutralization profiles of antivenoms helps to discern the efficacy or otherwise of these antivenoms at neutralizing the toxic effects induced by medically significant snake venoms. However, for many antivenoms, information on their preclinical efficacy remains limited. Therefore, to strengthen global efforts at reducing the impact of snakebite envenoming, the provision of information on the preclinical efficacy of antivenoms, especially in parts of the world where antivenom availability and accessibility is problematic, including sub-Saharan Africa is crucial. This study presents the lethal and toxic activities of <em>N. ashei</em> venom and the neutralizing capacity of two commonly used commercial antivenoms in Kenya; VINS™ and Inoserp™. Median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>), minimum necrotizing dose (MND) and minimum edema-forming dose (MED) of <em>N. ashei</em> venom as well as the neutralization of these effects were evaluated in mice. The LD<sub>50</sub> of <em>N. ashei</em> venom was found to be 4.67 (3.34–6.54) mg/kg while MND and MED were 11.00 μg and 0.80 μg respectively. Both VINS™ and Inoserp™ antivenoms demonstrated capacity to neutralize the lethal and toxic effects induced by <em>Naja ashei</em> venom albeit at varying efficacies. Our results thus confirm the toxic effects of <em>N. ashei</em> venom as previously observed with other <em>Naja</em> sp. venoms and also underscore the relevance of para-specific neutralizing capacity of antivenoms in the design of antivenoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000352/pdfft?md5=e818b86c13cb615b56c74308a0142170&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000352-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91956909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Venom system variation and the division of labor in the colonial hydrozoan Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus 共生水螅虫毒液系统变异及分工
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100113
Anna M.L. Klompen , Steven M. Sanders , Paulyn Cartwright
{"title":"Venom system variation and the division of labor in the colonial hydrozoan Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus","authors":"Anna M.L. Klompen ,&nbsp;Steven M. Sanders ,&nbsp;Paulyn Cartwright","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cnidarians (jellyfish, hydroids, sea anemones, and corals) possess a unique method for venom production, maintenance, and deployment through a decentralized system composed of different types of venom-filled stinging structures called nematocysts. In many species, nematocyst types are distributed heterogeneously across functionally distinct tissues. This has led to a prediction that different nematocyst types contain specific venom components. The colonial hydrozoan, <em>Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus,</em> is an ideal system to study the functional distribution of nematocyst types and their venoms, given that they display a division of labor through functionally distinct polyps within the colony. Here, we characterized the composition and distribution of nematocysts (cnidome) in the different polyp types and show that the feeding polyp (gastrozooid) has a distinct cnidome compared to the reproductive (gonozooid) and predatory polyp (dactylozooid). We generated a nematocyst-specific reporter line to track nematocyst development (nematogenesis) in <em>H. symbiolongicarpus</em>, and were able to confirm that nematogenesis primarily occurs in the mid-region of the gastrozooid and throughout stolons (tubes of epithelia that connect the polyps in the colony). This reporter line enabled us to isolate a nematocyst-specific lineage of cells for <em>de novo</em> transcriptome assembly, annotate venom-like genes (VLGs) and determine differential expression (DE) across polyp types. We show that a majority of VLGs are upregulated in gastrozooids, consistent with it being the primary site of active nematogenesis. However, despite gastrozooids producing more nematocysts, we found a number of VLGs significantly upregulated in dactylozooids, suggesting that these VLGs may be important for prey-capture. Our transgenic <em>Hydractinia</em> reporter line provides an opportunity to explore the complex interplay between venom composition, nematocyst diversity, and ecological partitioning in a colonial hydrozoan that displays a division of labor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000236/pdfft?md5=f2cfbd2fe7402ca88a0403a0132ad428&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92095877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Non-compartmental toxicokinetic studies of the Nigerian Naja nigricollis venom 尼日利亚黑瘤蛇毒液的非室室毒性动力学研究
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100122
Auwal A. Bala , Sani Malami , Yusuf Abubakar Muhammad , Binta Kurfi , Ismaila Raji , Sanusi Muhammad Salisu , Mustapha Mohammed , George Oche Ambrose , Murtala Jibril , Jacob A. Galan , Elda E. Sanchez , Basheer A.Z. Chedi
{"title":"Non-compartmental toxicokinetic studies of the Nigerian Naja nigricollis venom","authors":"Auwal A. Bala ,&nbsp;Sani Malami ,&nbsp;Yusuf Abubakar Muhammad ,&nbsp;Binta Kurfi ,&nbsp;Ismaila Raji ,&nbsp;Sanusi Muhammad Salisu ,&nbsp;Mustapha Mohammed ,&nbsp;George Oche Ambrose ,&nbsp;Murtala Jibril ,&nbsp;Jacob A. Galan ,&nbsp;Elda E. Sanchez ,&nbsp;Basheer A.Z. Chedi","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a neglected public health problem, especially in Asia, Latin America and Africa. There is inadequate knowledge of venom toxicokinetics especially from African snakes. To mimic a likely scenario of a snakebite envenoming, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) approach to study the toxicokinetic parameters in rabbits, following a single intramuscular (IM) administration of Northern Nigeria <em>Naja nigricollis</em> venom. We used a developed and validated non-compartmental approach in the R package PK to determine the toxicokinetic parameters of the venom and subsequently used pharmacometrics modelling to predict the movement of the toxin within biological systems. We found that <em>N. nigricollis</em> venom contained sixteen venom protein families following a mass spectrometric analysis of the whole venom. Most of these proteins belong to the three-finger toxins family (3FTx) and venom phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>) with molecular weight ranging from 3 to 16 kDa. Other venom protein families were in small proportions with higher molecular weights. The <em>N. nigricollis</em> venom was rapidly absorbed at 0.5 h, increased after 1 h and continued to decrease until the 16th hour (T<em>max</em>), where maximum concentration (C<em>max</em>) was observed. This was followed by a decrease in concentration at the 32nd hour. The venom of <em>N. nigricollis</em> was found to have high volume of distribution (1250 ± 245 mL) and low clearance (29.0 ± 2.5 mL/h) with an elimination half-life of 29 h. The area under the curve (AUC) showed that the venom remaining in the plasma over 32 h was 0.0392 ± 0.0025 mg h.L<sup>−1</sup>, and the mean residence time was 43.17 ± 8.04 h. The pharmacometrics simulation suggests that the venom toxins were instantly and rapidly absorbed into the extravascular compartment and slowly moved into the central compartment. Our study demonstrates that Nigerian <em>N. nigricollis</em> venom contains low molecular weight toxins that are well absorbed into the blood and deep tissues. The venom could be detected in rabbit blood 48 h after intramuscular envenoming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000327/pdfft?md5=558e8835902f5b4803e46d06b28b5a3c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000327-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92095874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vitro and in vivo preclinical venom inhibition assays identify metalloproteinase inhibiting drugs as potential future treatments for snakebite envenoming by Dispholidus typus 体外和体内的临床前蛇毒抑制试验确定了金属蛋白酶抑制药物作为潜在的未来治疗蛇咬伤的药物
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100118
Stefanie K. Menzies , Rachel H. Clare , Chunfang Xie , Adam Westhorpe , Steven R. Hall , Rebecca J. Edge , Jaffer Alsolaiss , Edouard Crittenden , Amy E. Marriott , Robert A. Harrison , Jeroen Kool , Nicholas R. Casewell
{"title":"In vitro and in vivo preclinical venom inhibition assays identify metalloproteinase inhibiting drugs as potential future treatments for snakebite envenoming by Dispholidus typus","authors":"Stefanie K. Menzies ,&nbsp;Rachel H. Clare ,&nbsp;Chunfang Xie ,&nbsp;Adam Westhorpe ,&nbsp;Steven R. Hall ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Edge ,&nbsp;Jaffer Alsolaiss ,&nbsp;Edouard Crittenden ,&nbsp;Amy E. Marriott ,&nbsp;Robert A. Harrison ,&nbsp;Jeroen Kool ,&nbsp;Nicholas R. Casewell","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Snakebite envenoming affects more than 250,000 people annually in sub-Saharan Africa. Envenoming by <em>Dispholidus typus</em> (boomslang) results in venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC), whereby highly abundant prothrombin-activating snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) consume clotting factors and deplete fibrinogen. The only available treatment for <em>D. typus</em> envenoming is the monovalent SAIMR Boomslang antivenom. Treatment options are urgently required because this antivenom is often difficult to source and, at US$6000/vial, typically unaffordable for most snakebite patients. We therefore investigated the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> preclinical efficacy of four SVMP inhibitors to neutralise the effects of <em>D. typus</em> venom; the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors marimastat and prinomastat, and the metal chelators dimercaprol and DMPS<em>.</em> The venom of <em>D. typus</em> exhibited an SVMP-driven procoagulant phenotype <em>in vitro</em>. Marimastat and prinomastat demonstrated equipotent inhibition of the SVMP-mediated procoagulant activity of the venom <em>in vitro</em>, whereas dimercaprol and DMPS showed considerably lower potency. However, when tested in preclinical murine models of envenoming using mixed sex CD1 mice, DMPS and marimastat demonstrated partial protection against venom lethality, demonstrated by prolonged survival times of experimental animals, whereas dimercaprol and prinomastat failed to confer any protection at the doses tested. The preclinical results presented here demonstrate that DMPS and marimastat show potential as novel small molecule-based therapeutics for <em>D. typus</em> snakebite envenoming. These two drugs have been previously shown to be effective against <em>Echis ocellatus</em> VICC in preclinical models, and thus we conclude that marimastat and DMPS should be further explored as potentially valuable early intervention therapeutics to broadly treat VICC following snakebite envenoming in sub-Saharan Africa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000285/pdfft?md5=208c541ca8bd1a7377592109b6e10d09&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000285-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92095876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Profiling hymenopteran venom toxins: Protein families, structural landscape, biological activities, and pharmacological benefits 处女膜毒液毒素简介:蛋白质家族、结构景观、生物活性和药理学益处
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100119
Juan Carlos Guido-Patiño , Fabien Plisson
{"title":"Profiling hymenopteran venom toxins: Protein families, structural landscape, biological activities, and pharmacological benefits","authors":"Juan Carlos Guido-Patiño ,&nbsp;Fabien Plisson","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hymenopterans are an untapped source of venom secretions. Their recent proteo-transcriptomic studies have revealed an extraordinary pool of toxins that participate in various biological processes, including pain, paralysis, allergic reactions, and antimicrobial activities. Comprehensive and clade-specific campaigns to collect hymenopteran venoms are therefore needed. We consider that data-driven bioprospecting may help prioritise sampling and alleviate associated costs. This work established the current protein landscape from hymenopteran venoms to evaluate possible sample bias by studying their origins, sequence diversity, known structures, and biological functions. We collected all 282 reported hymenopteran toxins (peptides and proteins) from the UniProt database that we clustered into 21 protein families from the three studied clades - wasps, bees, and ants. We identified 119 biological targets of hymenopteran toxins ranging from pathogen membranes to eukaryotic proteases, ion channels and protein receptors. Our systematic study further extended to hymenopteran toxins' therapeutic and biotechnological values, where we revealed promising applications in crop pests, human infections, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000297/pdfft?md5=02a7ddd19385c79beb148abded09d3a6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45369393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
An investigation into the toxicity of tissue extracts from two distinct marine Polychaeta 两种不同海生多毛藻组织提取物的毒性研究
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100116
Mariaelena D'Ambrosio , Íris Ramos , Carla Martins , Pedro M. Costa
{"title":"An investigation into the toxicity of tissue extracts from two distinct marine Polychaeta","authors":"Mariaelena D'Ambrosio ,&nbsp;Íris Ramos ,&nbsp;Carla Martins ,&nbsp;Pedro M. Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigated the potential toxicity of venomous secretions of two polychaetes, <em>Hediste diversicolor</em> and <em>Glycera alba</em> (Annelida: Phyllodocida). Toxic activity of putative toxins, measured on mussel gills through the Comet assay, revealed higher effects caused by extracts from <em>H. diversicolor</em> skin and <em>G. alba</em> specialised, jawed proboscis, when compared to control. The results suggest that <em>H</em>. <em>diversicolor</em> secretes toxins via skin for protection against predators, contrarily to <em>G. alba</em>, who secretes toxins for predation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590171022000261/pdfft?md5=77b86e2b571fa5bdd143efb9a1697f05&pid=1-s2.0-S2590171022000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Toxicon and Toxicon: X – 2022 and beyond 毒icon和毒icon: X - 2022及以后
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100098
Raymond S. Norton , Denise V. Tambourgi
{"title":"Toxicon and Toxicon: X – 2022 and beyond","authors":"Raymond S. Norton ,&nbsp;Denise V. Tambourgi","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1d/5d/main.PMC8844711.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39948819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Verified envenomations by crevice weaver spiders (genus Kukulcania): Bites are of minor expression but the spiders are commonly misidentified as medically important brown recluses (genus Loxosceles) in North America 经证实的裂缝编织蜘蛛(Kukulcania属)的毒害:咬伤是次要的表达,但蜘蛛在北美通常被误认为是医学上重要的棕色隐士(Loxosceles属)
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100091
Richard S. Vetter
{"title":"Verified envenomations by crevice weaver spiders (genus Kukulcania): Bites are of minor expression but the spiders are commonly misidentified as medically important brown recluses (genus Loxosceles) in North America","authors":"Richard S. Vetter","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From southern North America, five verified bites by crevice weaver spiders, <em>Kukulcania</em> spp. (Filistatidae), are presented here, three of which are pediatric cases. Although the envenomation manifestations were of minimal expression, the salient aspect of this report is that <em>Kukulcania</em> spiders are frequently misidentified as brown recluse spiders (genus <em>Loxosceles</em>) which are infamous for causing serious dermonecrosis and rarely, life-threatening systemic effects. Misidentification of this relatively harmless spider as a medically important recluse when presented to a physician in an envenomation episode could lead to unwarranted and overzealous treatment such as contraindicated debridement of the affected area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8789574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39879613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A transdisciplinary approach to snakebite envenoming 毒蛇咬伤的跨学科研究方法
Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100088
Rafael Ruiz de Castañeda , Isabelle Bolon , José María Gutiérrez
{"title":"A transdisciplinary approach to snakebite envenoming","authors":"Rafael Ruiz de Castañeda ,&nbsp;Isabelle Bolon ,&nbsp;José María Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37124,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon: X","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8718666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39891921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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