Forensic Science International: Synergy最新文献

A bibliometric analysis of investigative genetic genealogy in academic literature: Trends, networks, and emerging themes 学术文献中调查基因谱系的文献计量学分析：趋势、网络和新兴主题

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100663

Alfonso Pellegrino , Alessandro Stasi

引用次数: 0

Elemental analysis of archaeological hair compared to soil composition: A case study of a child and adult female from LaGrange Place, PA 考古头发与土壤成分的元素分析：宾夕法尼亚州拉格朗日广场一名儿童和一名成年女性的案例研究

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100661

Gabrielle DiEmma , Jillian Conte , Kimberlee S. Moran , Karen S. Scott

{"title":"Elemental analysis of archaeological hair compared to soil composition: A case study of a child and adult female from LaGrange Place, PA","authors":"Gabrielle DiEmma , Jillian Conte , Kimberlee S. Moran , Karen S. Scott","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During a salvage archaeology project in 2016–2017, several hundred human remains were recovered from the site of the former First Baptist Church of Philadelphia (FBCP) burial ground, also known as LaGrange Place. This case study focused on two individuals, a child (G-009) and an adult female (G-033), recovered with intact hair masses from the FBCP cemetery. Hair samples from both individuals were studied microscopically and chemically using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) multi-elemental analyses. ICP-OES analysis focused on the parts per million (ppm) or milligram per liter (mg/L) concentration of 14 elements, including major and trace elements found in hair and soil (calcium [Ca], chromium [Cr], copper [Cu], iron [Fe], potassium [K], magnesium [Mg], manganese [Mn], sodium [Na], nickel [Ni], phosphorus [P], zinc [Zn]) and three heavy metal toxins (arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], lead [Pb]). Periodic table semiquantitative heatmap analysis via ICP-MS was also conducted. Elemental analysis revealed the G-009 and G-033 hair samples were chemically distinct from each other and from the soil samples collected at the excavation site. The heatmap results suggest that while burial has a significant effect on the mineral content of hair, hair retains elemental distributions unique to the individual even after centuries of direct soil exposure. Therefore, the mineral composition of both the hair and soil in archaeological contexts should be analyzed to provide insight into the types of environmental exposure experienced by individuals ante- and postmortem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decomposing in the dark. Experimental approaches to funerary archaeoentomology in volcanic caves 在黑暗中腐烂。火山洞穴中丧葬考古昆虫学的实验方法

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100653

Pedro Henríquez-Valido , Aitor Brito-Mayor , Amelia Rodríguez-Rodríguez , Jacob Morales , Jonathan Santana , Idaira Brito-Abrante , Jean-Bernard Huchet

{"title":"Decomposing in the dark. Experimental approaches to funerary archaeoentomology in volcanic caves","authors":"Pedro Henríquez-Valido , Aitor Brito-Mayor , Amelia Rodríguez-Rodríguez , Jacob Morales , Jonathan Santana , Idaira Brito-Abrante , Jean-Bernard Huchet","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experimental study explores entomological succession in mortuary contexts in caves, using the funeral practices of the indigenous populations of the Canary Islands as a model. A pig carcass was deposited in a cave shortly after its death and monitored for a year. The resulting entomological record closely matches the archaeoentomological data from Canarian burial caves. The experiment documented all stages of cadaveric succession and revealed insect species capable of adapting to the low light conditions of caves, including Calliphoridae. Other Diptera families were recovered: Piophilidae, Muscidae, Phoridae, Fanniidae, Sarcophagidae and Drosopholidae. Coleoptera evidences were also recorded: Nitulidae, Cleridae, Dermestidae, Histeridae, Tenebrionidae, Cryptophagidae, Ptinidae and Scarabaeidae. Other orders were documented: Hymenoptera (Formicidae), Lepidoptera (Pyralidae), Blattodea, Hemiptera and Siphonaptera. It is noteworthy that many of the insects identified match those found in archaeological contexts. A central contribution is the demonstration that Calliphoridae can complete their life cycle under near-total darkness, challenging a long-standing assumption in taphonomy and forensic entomology. The data also suggest the existence of consistent patterns of entomological activity in primary funerary contexts, and call into question the desiccation of the cadaver documented by other authors. This pioneering study of experimental funerary archaeoentomology provides a comparative framework for interpreting insect evidence in archaeological deposits in arid, enclosed or low-light environments such as natural caves, catacombs or hypogea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the bias danger zone: Evaluating the (in)Efficiency of Linear Sequential Unmasking (LSU-E) as a bias countermeasure 导航偏置危险区域：评估线性序列解掩码（LSU-E）作为偏置对抗的效率

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100657

Itiel E. Dror

{"title":"Navigating the bias danger zone: Evaluating the (in)Efficiency of Linear Sequential Unmasking (LSU-E) as a bias countermeasure","authors":"Itiel E. Dror","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Linear Sequential Unmasking (LSU-E) is a method of managing the flow of information so as to improve decision making and minimize cognitive bias in expert domains. This article examines the specific factors determining the (in)efficiency of LSU-E. Central to this evaluation is the “bias danger zone,” where decisions involve human judgement, complex data near decision thresholds, and strong directional bias. In these situations, LSU-E reduces bias by prioritizing information based on its objectivity, relevance, and biasability. However, research indicates that the sequencing of information, a core component of LSU-E, is not always effective. LSU-E's (in)efficiency depends on whether the experts perceive specific information as exceptionally strong or weak. Overpowering information can dominate a decision regardless of its position in the sequence, whereas weak information may be disregarded even if presented early. As part of a broader “Context Management Toolbox,” LSU-E must be deployed proportionately and with an understanding of these boundary conditions. Recognizing these factors is critical for forensic science to successfully navigate contextual contamination through appropriate and effective countermeasures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postmortem pancreatic autolysis as a histological marker of early postmortem interval: a forensic autopsy study in a tropical setting 死后胰腺自溶作为早期死后间隔的组织学标记：热带环境下的法医尸检研究

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100659

Sunon Sripirom, Vichan Peonim, Wisarn Worasuwannarak

{"title":"Postmortem pancreatic autolysis as a histological marker of early postmortem interval: a forensic autopsy study in a tropical setting","authors":"Sunon Sripirom, Vichan Peonim, Wisarn Worasuwannarak","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate postmortem pancreatic autolysis as a histological marker of the early postmortem interval (PMI) in routine forensic autopsy, with particular emphasis on regional differences within the pancreas and application in a tropical setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 30 forensic autopsy cases with known PMI <24 h. From each pancreas, tissue from the head, body, and tail was sampled, fixed in formalin, processed routinely, and stained with hematoxylin–eosin. For each region, the proportion of parenchyma exhibiting characteristic autolytic changes was visually estimated as the percentage of autolysis. Spearman's correlation and simple linear regression were used to assess associations between PMI and autolysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The PMI ranged from 1 to 17 h (mean 6.4 h). PMI showed a significant positive correlation with autolysis in the head (ρ = 0.508), body (ρ = 0.561), tail (ρ = 0.566) and mean autolysis (ρ = 0.535) (all p ≤ 0.002). Correlations were stronger in traumatic deaths than in non-traumatic deaths. Simple linear regression with PMI as the predictor explained 19.5 % of the variance in mean percent autolysis (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.195). Autolysis was first appreciable at approximately 2 h postmortem, and >50 % autolysis was not observed below 5 h.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pancreatic autolysis provides useful information in the early PMI but lacks precision as a stand-alone estimator. It is best used as a practical histological adjunct within a multimodal, evidence-based approach to PMI estimation, especially in warm, humid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconsidering Pathophysiological pathways in abusive infant shaking: Questions beyond the triad 重新考虑虐待婴儿摇晃的病理生理途径：超越三联征的问题

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100656

Parth Aphale, Himanshu Shekhar, Shashank Dokania

引用次数: 0

Strengthening operational performance in canine detection teams with double-blind certification testing 通过双盲认证测试，加强犬类侦缉队的行动表现

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100658

Adele Quigley-McBride , Paola A. Prada-Tiedemann , Fred Helfers

{"title":"Strengthening operational performance in canine detection teams with double-blind certification testing","authors":"Adele Quigley-McBride , Paola A. Prada-Tiedemann , Fred Helfers","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study evaluated the performance of professional canine–handler teams on narcotics detection certification trials conducted under single-blind and double-blind conditions. Across six years of annual testing (2012–2017), we analyzed 667 first-attempt trials and 132 second-attempt trials from 133 distinct canine-handler teams. Teams demonstrated high accuracy under single-blind conditions (94% pass rate for vehicle searches and 100% for luggage searches), but performance dropped substantially under double-blind conditions (72% pass rate for vehicle searches and 88% for luggage searches), where neither handlers nor evaluators knew the number or location of the target odors. Many teams that failed an initial double-blind trial passed on a second attempt, suggesting that at least some observed deficits in performance may be easily remedied with additional practice participating in double-blind trials. A follow-up survey of 20 handlers indicated generally positive perceptions of double-blind testing—although double-blind trials are more difficult, handlers believe that these types of trials increase their confidence, improve training strategies, and more closely reflect real-world scenarios. Incorporating routine double-blind exercises into certification and maintenance training may provide agencies with a reliable means of preparing teams for unpredictable real-world scenarios. Thus, double-blind testing represents a straightforward, cost-efficient strategy for enhancing the accuracy, credibility, and overall integrity of canine detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In the trail of the crime scene dog: Processing of human DNA from outdoor samples 在犯罪现场狗的踪迹中：处理户外样本中的人类DNA

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664

Christina Forsberg , Ronny Hedell , Ricky Ansell , Johannes Hedman

{"title":"In the trail of the crime scene dog: Processing of human DNA from outdoor samples","authors":"Christina Forsberg , Ronny Hedell , Ricky Ansell , Johannes Hedman","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing use of crime scene dogs to detect human body fluids has led to an increased number of outdoor samples being submitted to forensic DNA laboratories. The analysis of DNA in outdoor samples such as soil presents significant challenges with present protocols due to the combination of relatively large sample volumes and co-extraction of humic substances. To address this, we have optimised a soil microbial DNA extraction protocol for the recovery of semen by incorporating enzymatic, chemical and physical lysis steps. This optimisation increased the DNA yield 43-fold. Using mock crime scene samples, the protocol provided high quality STR profiles from semen in 10 mL of different types of soil (mixed forest soil, sandy soil and park soil), organic matrix (dry leaves) and inorganic matrices (sand and gravel). The protocol also generated complete STR profiles for soil samples containing blood, saliva and cell-free DNA. However, all humic substances were not removed, causing inhibition in MPS analysis. The extracted DNA consisted of more than 95% double-stranded (ds) DNA with equivalent fragment sizes as DNA extracted using magnetic bead-based kits. The protocol is thus compatible with library preparation methods that demand dsDNA, e.g. in whole genome sequencing. The protocol has been successfully implemented in casework and used in serious crime investigations. Human STR profiles have been generated from crime scene items in 50% of the cases. In the majority of these (82%), no results were generated using swabs and traditional DNA extraction methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spread of “triad diagnostics” in suspected Shaken Baby Syndrome 疑似摇晃婴儿综合症的“三联诊断”扩散

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100660

Anders Eriksson , Teresa Stachowicz-Stencel , Knut Wester

引用次数: 0

The architecture of forensic knowledge: Ontology, transformation, and capture 法医学知识的体系结构：本体、转换和捕获。

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662

Max M. Houck Ph.D., FRSC

{"title":"The architecture of forensic knowledge: Ontology, transformation, and capture","authors":"Max M. Houck Ph.D., FRSC","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forensic science has long struggled with \"technical instrumentalism,\" a crisis where practical efficacy outpaces its intellectual foundation for producing reliable knowledge. This manuscript traces a history from this initial diagnosis toward a formal theory of warranted information. It first explores the ontological response provided by Haq et al., which redefines evidence not as isolated objects but as manifestations of structured change resulting from energy transfer, anchoring forensic inference in the robust reconstruction of events. This ontology is bridged with the concept of f-transforms (natural, cultural, and forensic), which track the sequential reconfiguration of items, asserting that forensic knowledge is transformed, not merely discovered.</div><div>The inquiry then examines the territory of forensic epistemology, arguing that the discipline's status as a captive profession leads to epistemic dependence and epistemic capture. This structural placement subordinates scientific rigor to institutional and legal priorities, often resulting in corporate mental models that normalize specific interpretations. The paper distinguishes between inevitable scientific uncertainty (rooted in entropy and the material limits of proxy data) and detrimental institutional uncertainty (stemming from governance and the management of the transformation chain). Ultimately, the forensic warrant, the justified authority of a conclusion, is argued to be earned only through transparent management of this entire transformational chain. This requires adopting fiduciary-epistemic duties, including balanced disclosure and active preservation of contestability, to ensure that forensic authority rests on demonstrated logical justification rather than institutional power.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0