Forensic Science International: Synergy最新文献_第2页

In the trail of the crime scene dog: Processing of human DNA from outdoor samples 在犯罪现场狗的踪迹中：处理户外样本中的人类DNA

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664

Christina Forsberg , Ronny Hedell , Ricky Ansell , Johannes Hedman

{"title":"In the trail of the crime scene dog: Processing of human DNA from outdoor samples","authors":"Christina Forsberg , Ronny Hedell , Ricky Ansell , Johannes Hedman","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing use of crime scene dogs to detect human body fluids has led to an increased number of outdoor samples being submitted to forensic DNA laboratories. The analysis of DNA in outdoor samples such as soil presents significant challenges with present protocols due to the combination of relatively large sample volumes and co-extraction of humic substances. To address this, we have optimised a soil microbial DNA extraction protocol for the recovery of semen by incorporating enzymatic, chemical and physical lysis steps. This optimisation increased the DNA yield 43-fold. Using mock crime scene samples, the protocol provided high quality STR profiles from semen in 10 mL of different types of soil (mixed forest soil, sandy soil and park soil), organic matrix (dry leaves) and inorganic matrices (sand and gravel). The protocol also generated complete STR profiles for soil samples containing blood, saliva and cell-free DNA. However, all humic substances were not removed, causing inhibition in MPS analysis. The extracted DNA consisted of more than 95% double-stranded (ds) DNA with equivalent fragment sizes as DNA extracted using magnetic bead-based kits. The protocol is thus compatible with library preparation methods that demand dsDNA, e.g. in whole genome sequencing. The protocol has been successfully implemented in casework and used in serious crime investigations. Human STR profiles have been generated from crime scene items in 50% of the cases. In the majority of these (82%), no results were generated using swabs and traditional DNA extraction methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spread of “triad diagnostics” in suspected Shaken Baby Syndrome 疑似摇晃婴儿综合症的“三联诊断”扩散

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100660

Anders Eriksson , Teresa Stachowicz-Stencel , Knut Wester

引用次数: 0

The architecture of forensic knowledge: Ontology, transformation, and capture 法医学知识的体系结构：本体、转换和捕获。

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662

Max M. Houck Ph.D., FRSC

{"title":"The architecture of forensic knowledge: Ontology, transformation, and capture","authors":"Max M. Houck Ph.D., FRSC","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2026.100662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forensic science has long struggled with \"technical instrumentalism,\" a crisis where practical efficacy outpaces its intellectual foundation for producing reliable knowledge. This manuscript traces a history from this initial diagnosis toward a formal theory of warranted information. It first explores the ontological response provided by Haq et al., which redefines evidence not as isolated objects but as manifestations of structured change resulting from energy transfer, anchoring forensic inference in the robust reconstruction of events. This ontology is bridged with the concept of f-transforms (natural, cultural, and forensic), which track the sequential reconfiguration of items, asserting that forensic knowledge is transformed, not merely discovered.</div><div>The inquiry then examines the territory of forensic epistemology, arguing that the discipline's status as a captive profession leads to epistemic dependence and epistemic capture. This structural placement subordinates scientific rigor to institutional and legal priorities, often resulting in corporate mental models that normalize specific interpretations. The paper distinguishes between inevitable scientific uncertainty (rooted in entropy and the material limits of proxy data) and detrimental institutional uncertainty (stemming from governance and the management of the transformation chain). Ultimately, the forensic warrant, the justified authority of a conclusion, is argued to be earned only through transparent management of this entire transformational chain. This requires adopting fiduciary-epistemic duties, including balanced disclosure and active preservation of contestability, to ensure that forensic authority rests on demonstrated logical justification rather than institutional power.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing quality assurance in forensic medicolegal opinions: A standardized training and auditing framework for Arab countries 加强法医学意见的质量保证：阿拉伯国家标准化培训和审计框架

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100655

Mamdouh Kamal Zaki , Zahraa Khalifa Sobh

{"title":"Enhancing quality assurance in forensic medicolegal opinions: A standardized training and auditing framework for Arab countries","authors":"Mamdouh Kamal Zaki , Zahraa Khalifa Sobh","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quality assurance in medicolegal (ML) reporting is essential to ensure accuracy, consistency, and compliance with legal and scientific standards. Since forensic opinions significantly influence judicial decisions, it is crucial to uphold high standards. In the Arab region, there are notable differences in forensic medicine practices among countries, emphasizing the urgent need for unified standards. Therefore, this initiative aims to improve the quality of ML reporting by proposing a standardized training and auditing framework based on international best practices, tailored to the realities of Arab forensic institutions. A key part of this article is developing a training framework grounded in best practices to unify forensic medical examiner competencies and reduce variability. At the same time, a specialized auditing framework has been created for senior forensic leaders to improve institutional accountability. This includes implementing a structured auditing protocol that uses newly adopted standardized checklists to assess report quality and detect non-conformities. Additionally, institutional leaders are encouraged to systematically investigate the root causes of substandard opinions within their organizations using Root Cause Analysis (RCA) methodology. Identifying these root causes offers opportunities for improvement. We recommend implementing this initiative through a Training of Trainers (TOT) model. This method enables institutional leaders and senior practitioners to disseminate standardized practices across all levels effectively. The multiplying effects of this initiative are vital for enhancing quality assurance and promoting continuous improvement within forensic practice across Arab countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36925,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Synergy","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Call for transparency regarding diagnostic certainty in Abusive Head Trauma 呼吁提高虐待性头部创伤诊断确定性的透明度

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100654

Roland N. Auer, Keith Button, Stephen Cordner, Johan Duflou, Bernard Echenne, Vineta Fellman, Steven Gabaeff, John Galaznik, Saadi Ghatan, Ulf Högberg, John C. Hunsaker III, William Lee III, Niels Lynøe, Julie Mack , Evan Matshes, Tommie Olofsson, Matthew Orde, Guillaume Sébire, James Tibballs, Carola G. Vinuesa, Anna Ybo

引用次数: 0

Integrating DEI Principles in the Forensic World 在法医学领域整合DEI原则

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100602

Kris Cano

引用次数: 0

Using QIRs to Improve Practice 使用质量指标来改进实践

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100609

Sarah Chu , Brady Mills

引用次数: 0

Real-World Data to Support Rapid DNA Arrestee Programs 真实世界的数据，以支持快速DNA逮捕程序

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100605

Garry Bombard

引用次数: 0

A Considered Approach: ISO Accreditation 考虑的方法：ISO认证

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100596

Deanne Emory , Henry Marché , Dr. Robin MacDonald

引用次数: 0

Rolling the Dice on Disaster: Using chance to spark critical thinking and teamwork for mass casualty events 在灾难中掷骰子：利用机会激发批判性思维和大规模伤亡事件的团队合作

Forensic Science International: Synergy Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2025.100601

Kelly Behnke M.S., Todd Cohen B.S., Briel Hay M.S., Alyse Yacovone-Margetts M.S., Julie Sikorsky M.S.

引用次数: 0